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Accidents · NTSB ERA22FA314 · Final report

Cessna 210C accident near Shelby, Michigan, July 15, 2022

On July 15, 2022 at about 10:15 pm local time, a 1963 Cessna 210C, registered N3659Y, was destroyed in an accident during initial climb near Shelby, Michigan (Oceana County airport). It was a personal flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 2 people were killed. The weather was instrument conditions (cloud, fog or low visibility).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

The non-instrument rated pilot’s decision to commence the flight in instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation and a subsequent loss of airplane control. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s self-induced pressure to initiate the flight.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
July 15, 2022 · about 10:15 pm local time
Place
Shelby, Michigan · Oceana County · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
2 people were killed.
Weather
instrument conditions (cloud, fog or low visibility)
Aircraft
Cessna 210C, built 1963 · all 210Cs on the register
Registration
N3659Y · registry record · serial 21058159
Damage
Destroyed
Flight
Personal flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

The accident occurred shortly after the non-instrument rated pilot and passenger departed the airport on a visual flight rules flight in instrument meteorological conditions. Two pilots at the airport reported that the weather was poor at the time of the takeoff, with low ceilings and rain prevailing. After the departure, a local resident who lived about 1.5 miles south of the airport heard the airplane over his property for about 30 seconds, and the engine was “revving up” before the airplane crashed in the woods near his house. The airplane impacted trees and terrain at a steep, nose-low descent angle. The fragmentation of the wreckage and damage to the terrain at the accident site were indicative of a high-speed impact. Examination of the wreckage did not reveal evidence of a preexisting mechanical failure or anomaly that would have precluded normal operation of the airframe or engine. There was no evidence that the pilot obtained a weather briefing prior to the flight. The family of the pilot reported that the purpose of the flight was to attend an event in another state, that he had missed a similar previous event, and that did not want to miss this one. The pilot most likely entered instrument meteorological conditions immediately after takeoff, experienced spatial disorientation, and lost control of the airplane. The pressure that the pilot placed upon himself to attend the event was likely a factor in the accident.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

What happened, in order

  1. VFR encounter with IMC during initial climb defining event
  2. Loss of control in flight during maneuvering
  3. Collision with terrain or object (not controlled flight into terrain) during uncontrolled descent

The NTSB's findings

  • Personnel issues › Action/decision › Info processing/decision › Decision making/judgment › Pilot
  • Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena › Ceiling/visibility/precip › Low ceiling › Decision related to condition
  • Personnel issues › Psychological › Perception/orientation/illusion › Spatial disorientation › Pilot
  • Personnel issues › Psychological › Personality/attitude › Motivation/respond to pressure › Pilot

Pilot

  • Certificate: private
  • Ratings: single-engine land
  • Flight time: 239 hours in all
  • Last flight review: May 31, 2021
  • Medical certificate: Class 3 (without waivers/limitations)
  • Seat: left
  • Injury: fatal

The aircraft

  • Airframe total time: 4,277 hours
  • Last inspection: annual inspection, February 11, 2022
  • Maximum gross weight: 3,000 lb
  • Seats: 4
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Continental IO-470S (piston); 4,277 hours total

The flight

  • Destination: ASW Warsaw IN
  • Flight plan: none

Weather at the time

  • Light: daylight
  • Wind: from 100° at 5 knots
  • Visibility: 10 statute miles
  • Sky: overcast at 1,000 ft; scat at 500 ft
  • Temperature: 64°F (18°C), dew point 64°F (18°C)
  • Altimeter: 30.07 inHg
  • Observation at 6:15 pm from FFX, 17 miles away

Weather report (METAR): METAR KFFX 152215Z AUTO 10005KT 10SM SCT005 OVC010 18/18 A3007 RMK AO2 T01830175=

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Flight crew1
Passengers1

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

16 documents, released by the NTSB on November 15, 2023. View them here, or download them; the NTSB redacts some personal details before release, and this site shows the NTSB's own titles rather than its file names.

#DocumentWhat it is
1 NTSB Memorandum for Record - Witnesses PDF, 5 pages · our copy View Download
2 Fueling Information PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
3 NTSB Memorandum for Record - Pilot Experience PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
4 Excerpt - Aircraft Logbook PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
5 Excerpt - Engine Logbook PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
6 Weather Factual Report PDF, 28 pages · our copy View Download
7 Weather Attachment 1 GIF file · our copy Download
8 Weather Attachment 2 PDF, 5 pages · our copy View Download
9 Photo Array PDF, 10 pages · our copy View Download
10 Diagram - Oceana County Airport and Accident Site PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
11 Wreckage Diagram PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
12 NTSB Examination Summary PDF, 3 pages · our copy View Download
13 Toxicological Report PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
14 NTSB Memorandum for Record - Autopsy Findings PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download
15 Statement of Party Representatives to NTSB Investigation PDF, 14 pages · our copy View Download
16 Release of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15 PDF, 1 page · our copy View Download

The same docket at the NTSB.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.