Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II accident near Valley Center, California, September 20, 2009
On September 20, 2009 at about 9:40 pm local time, a Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II, registered N4174P, was substantially damaged in an accident during landing near Valley Center, California (Ramona airport). It was a personal flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 2 people were seriously injured. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).
The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged
The failure of the engine’s camshaft due to fatigue of unknown origin.
Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 12, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.
What the record shows
- Date
- September 20, 2009 · about 9:40 pm local time · cases in 2009
- Place
- Valley Center, California · Ramona · cases near this airport · map
- Type
- Accident
- Injuries
- 2 people were seriously injured.
- Weather
- visual conditions (good weather)
- Aircraft
- Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II
- Registration
- N4174P · no longer on the register · serial 12512
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Personal flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)
The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record
The pilot was performing a pinnacle landing on a large boulder. As he approached the landing zone at an altitude of between 50 and 75 feet above ground level he heard a popping sound followed by a complete loss of engine power. He performed an autorotation, during which the helicopter sustained substantial damage to the fuselage and tail boom. during the hard landing. The helicopter was manufactured about 11 months prior to the accident, had accumulated about 130 total flight hours, and was equipped with its original engine. Examination of the engine revealed that the camshaft had separated into two sections at the forward relief radius of the number six exhaust cam lobe. The fracture surfaces were damaged by the continued rotation of the engine just after the failure; however, the remaining surfaces exhibited features consistent with fatigue. The origin of the fatigue could not be determined. No other anomalies were noted with the engine or airframe. According to the engine manufacturer, the camshaft supplier had produced 4,870 camshafts of the accident type. All of these camshafts have since been installed in similar engines. A search of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Service Difficulty Report (SDR) database revealed no evidence of a similar camshaft separation. Additionally, the engine manufacturer reported no prior instances of any camshaft which had failed in such a manner.
The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.
The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English
What happened, in order
- Loss of engine power (total) during landing defining event
- Autorotation Off-field or emergency landing
The NTSB's findings
- cause Aircraft › Aircraft power plant › Engine (reciprocating) › Recip engine power section › Fatigue/wear/corrosion other cases naming the engine
- cause Aircraft › Aircraft power plant › Engine (reciprocating) › Recip engine power section › Failure other cases naming the engine
Pilot
- Certificate: flight instructor, commercial pilot
- Ratings: instructor: helicopter; rotorcraft: helicopter
- Flight time: 2,400 hours in all; 150 in this make and model; 40 in the last 90 days; 0 in the last 30 days; 2,300 as pilot in command; 1,000 on instruments
- Last flight review: July 1, 2009
- Medical certificate: Class 2 (without waivers/limitations)
- Seat: left
- Injury: serious injuries
Pilot
- Certificate: private
- Ratings: rotorcraft: helicopter
- Flight time: 170 hours in all
- Medical certificate: Class 2 (without waivers/limitations)
- Seat: rgt
- Injury: serious injuries
The aircraft
- Airframe total time: 129 hours
- Last inspection: annual inspection, April 23, 2009; 30 hours since
- Maximum gross weight: 2,500 lb
- Seats: 4
- Landing gear: fixed
- Engine: Lycoming IO-540-AE1A5 (piston); 0 hours total
The flight
- Departed from: MYF San Diego CA at 8:00 pm
- Destination: MYF San Diego CA
- Flight plan: none
- A second pilot was aboard
Weather at the time
- Light: daylight
- Wind: from 260° at 9 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Sky: clear
- Temperature: 90°F (32°C), dew point 46°F (8°C)
- Altimeter: 29.95 inHg
- Observation at 9:53 pm from RNM, 9 miles away
Injuries
| Fatal | Serious | Minor | None | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flight crew | 2 |
Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report
11 documents, released by the NTSB on June 8, 2010. View them here, or download them; the NTSB redacts some personal details before release, and this site shows the NTSB's own titles rather than its file names.
| # | Document | What it is | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Materials Laboratory 15 - Factual Report 10-027 | PDF, 8 pages | View Download |
| 2 | Pilot/operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 | PDF, 10 pages | View Download |
| 3 | Record of Conversation: Pilot in Right Seat | PDF, 1 page | View Download |
| 4 | Lycoming Camshaft Technical Evaluation Report | PDF, 11 pages | View Download |
| 5 | Airframe Logbook Excerpts | PDF, 2 pages | View Download |
| 6 | Engine Logbook Excerpts | PDF, 4 pages | View Download |
| 7 | Statement of Party Representatives to NTSB Investigation | PDF, 2 pages | View Download |
| 8 | Release of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15 | PDF, 3 pages | View Download |
| 9 | Photo 1: Main Wreckage | PDF, 1 page | View Download |
| 10 | Photo 2: Camshaft Inside Engine | PDF, 1 page | View Download |
| 11 | Photo 3: Camshaft Removed from Engine | PDF, 1 page | View Download |
The same docket at the NTSB · documents without a copy here are fetched from the NTSB when you open them.
Connections how this case links to the rest of the register
- N4174P: not on the register today · the record of its deregistration
- Engine: Lycoming IO-540-AE1A5 1,043 aircraft carry this series today · as the NTSB recorded it
- Ramona Airport · nearest airport
- Montgomery-Gibbs Executive · departed from
- Accidents and incidents in California 9,069 since 1982 · 1,087 in the last ten years
- California 27,655 aircraft registered
The whole map of how records connect · these connections as data: /graph/accident/WPR09LA460.json.
The bigger picture in Aviation Analytics: accidents over time since 1982, by model, by phase of flight and conditions, by place and on the map.
Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text does not name anyone involved, its policy at this time. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.
