Fischer-Tropsch (FT-SPK)
Sustainable aviation fuel made by gasifying biomass or waste to a synthesis gas and building it into kerosene by the Fischer-Tropsch process, which also makes fuel from coal and natural gas. Annex A4 (FT-SPK/A) adds aromatics so the fuel can be used without a fossil share for its seals.
The fuel
- Class
- Sustainable aviation fuel
- Specification
- ASTM D7566 Annex A1
- Status
- in use
- Blend limit
- 50% with fossil jet fuel
Who makes it 30 plants on SAFxCHANGE's record · announced capacity
| Plant | Owner | Where | Pathway | Status | Capacity, thousand tonnes a year | From |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GeorgiaSAF (Bainbridge) | CarbonCore | Bainbridge, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 928 | — |
| DG Fuels (Maine) | DG Fuels | Maine, Maine, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 503 | — |
| Etihad/Tadweer | Etihad/Tadweer | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 403 | — |
| Northwest Advanced Bio-Fuels (Longview) | Northwest Advanced Bio-Fuels | Longview, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 181 | 2031 |
| SUSTAERO | SUSTAERO | Canada | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 148 | 2030 |
| Aemetis | Aemetis | Riverbank, California, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | under construction | 129 | 2025 |
| Alder Fuels | Alder Fuels | SE USA, Southeast, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 106 | 2024 |
| Fulcrum BioEnergy | Fulcrum BioEnergy | Gary, Indiana, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 95 | 2026 |
| Lighthouse Green Fuel | Lighthouse Green Fuel | Billingham, Teeside, United Kingdom | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 86 | — |
| Wastefuel | Wastefuel | Manila, Philippines | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 86 | 2025 |
| Fulcrum and Essar Oil | Fulcrum and Essar Oil | Stanlow, United Kingdom | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 83 | 2025 |
| Dobrojet (Vegreville) | Provectus Biofuels Inc. | Vegreville, Canada | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 80 | 2029 |
| BioTJet | BioTJet | Lacq Basin, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 75 | — |
| Velocys Bayou Fuels | Velocys Bayou Fuels | Natchez, Mississippi, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 72 | 2026 |
| Enerkem | Enerkem | Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 60 | — |
| Castlerock Green Energy | Castlerock Green Energy | Shelton, Washington, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | operating | 58 | 2022 |
| Red Rock Biofuels | Red Rock Biofuels | Lakeview, Oregon, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 46 | 2027 |
| Altalto -- British Airways, Shell, Velocys | Altalto -- British Airways, Shell, Velocys | Immingham, England, United Kingdom | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 37 | 2027 |
| Fulcrum Reno | Fulcrum Reno | Reno, Nevada, United States | Fischer-Tropsch | operating | 33 | 2022 |
| Avioxx (Cheshire) | Avioxx | Cheshire, United Kingdom | Fischer-Tropsch | under construction | 32 | — |
| KLM | KLM | Vaxjo, Sweden | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 16 | — |
| Willis Sustainable Fuels (Teesside) | Willis Sustainable Fuels | Teesside, United Kingdom | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 14 | 2028 |
| Repsol (Bilbao) | Repsol | Bilbao, Spain | Fischer-Tropsch | operating | 2 | 2026 |
| Project Beacon | Aether Fuels | Singapore | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 2 | 2028 |
| NovaSAF-1 (Duranzo) | Syzygy Plasmonics | Duranzo, Uruguay | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 1 | — |
| Sasol Secunda | Sasol | Secunda, South Africa | Fischer-Tropsch | planned | 0 | — |
| NEDO demonstration plant (Nagoya) | JERA | Nagoya, Japan | Fischer-Tropsch | operating | 0 | — |
| Nagasaki Carbon Neutral Park | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Nagasaki, Japan | Fischer-Tropsch | operating | — | 2023 |
| SkyFuelH2 (Långsele, Sollefteå) | Uniper and Sasol ecoFT | Långsele, Sollefteå, Sweden | Fischer-Tropsch | cancelled | — | 2028 |
| Velocys (Nagoya) | Velocys | Nagoya, Japan | Fischer-Tropsch | operating | — | 2020 |
From the SAFxCHANGE capacity board, which holds every plant with its sources; news-found plants not yet settled are left out of totals there.
Connections how this fuel links to the rest of the register
- GeorgiaSAF (Bainbridge) · United States 928 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- DG Fuels (Maine) · United States 503 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- Etihad/Tadweer · United Arab Emirates 403 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- Northwest Advanced Bio-Fuels (Longview) · United States 181 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- SUSTAERO · Canada 148 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- Aemetis · United States 129 thousand tonnes a year · under construction
- Alder Fuels · United States 106 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- Fulcrum BioEnergy · United States 95 thousand tonnes a year · planned
The whole map of how records connect · these connections as data: /graph/fuel/ft-spk.json.
Sources: FAA Civil Aviation Registry (November 3, 2026) for the engines and aircraft; the FAA airport master file for fuel sold; the FAA's supplemental type certificate listings for the approvals; SAFxCHANGE's record for the plants, deals and the airports named in the news; the sellers' own websites where named. Specifications as published by ASTM International and the U.S. military. The fuel makers' own pages say where their fuel is sold this month; this page is as current as those records.