Power-to-liquid (e-SAF)
Synthetic jet fuel made from captured carbon dioxide and hydrogen produced by electrolysis with renewable electricity, joined by the Fischer-Tropsch process. The costliest sustainable aviation fuel, at about ten times the price of jet fuel, and the one the European mandates set a separate share for.
The fuel
- Class
- Sustainable aviation fuel
- Specification
- ASTM D7566 (via Annex A1 Fischer-Tropsch)
- Status
- in use at small scale
- Blend limit
- 50% with fossil jet fuel
—
aircraft on the register burn it
no engine series on the register is built for it
—
no airport on record sells it
by the FAA's file, the news and the sellers' sites
Who makes it 121 plants on SAFxCHANGE's record · announced capacity
| Plant | Owner | Where | Pathway | Status | Capacity, thousand tonnes a year | From |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geely | Geely | China | Power-to-liquid | cancelled | 100,000 | — |
| Liverpool Bay CCS project | Eni | United Kingdom | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 4,500 | — |
| Pudimadaka Green Hydrogen Hub | NGEL | Pudimadaka, India | Power-to-liquid | planned | 2,500 | — |
| EDF (Ras Shukeir) | EDF | Ras Shukeir, Egypt | Power-to-liquid | planned | 999 | — |
| Huelva green hydrogen valley | Moeve | Huelva, Spain | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 800 | 2026 |
| Paysandú | HIF Global | Paysandú, Uruguay | Power-to-liquid | planned | 700 | — |
| HIF Global (Speyer) | HIF Global | Speyer, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 485 | — |
| HIF Global (Matagorda) | HIF Global | Matagorda, Texas, United States | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 485 | 2030 |
| DG Fuels (Louisiana) | DG Fuels | Louisiana, Louisiana, United States | Power-to-liquid | planned | 434 | 2028 |
| Star e-Methanol facility | ørsted | United States | Power-to-liquid | planned | 300 | — |
| Uruqmi firm (Urumqi) | Uruqmi firm | Urumqi, China | Power-to-liquid | planned | 300 | — |
| Power2X Rotterdam | Power2X | Rotterdam, Netherlands | Power-to-liquid | planned | 249 | 2030 |
| Petrobrazi SAF-HVO plant (Ploiesti) | OMV Petrom | Ploiesti, Romania | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 249 | 2028 |
| Taonan | Shanghai Electric | Taonan, China | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 249 | 2027 |
| KeyState Energy (Pittsburgh) | KeyState Energy | Pittsburgh, United States | Power-to-liquid | planned | 211 | — |
| DHL Group, HH2E AG, Sasol | DHL Group, HH2E AG, Sasol | Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 200 | 2030 |
| EverWind hydrogen-production facility | EverWind | Canada | Power-to-liquid | planned | 177 | — |
| Nova Sustainable Fuels (Goldboro) | Nova Sustainable Fuels | Goldboro, Canada | Power-to-liquid | planned | 165 | 2031 |
| Phelan Green Group electro-Sustainable Aviation Fuel project (Saldanha Bay) | Phelan Green Group | Saldanha Bay, South Africa | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 140 | 2029 |
| SkyKraft (Skellefteå) | SkyNRG and Skellefteå Kraft | Skellefteå, Sweden | Power-to-liquid | planned | 130 | — |
| FlagshipTHREE (Umeå) | Liquid Wind | Umeå, Sweden | Power-to-liquid | planned | 130 | 2027 |
| Eq.flight | Equilibrion | United Kingdom | Power-to-liquid | planned | 128 | 2030 |
| MyRechemical | MyRechemical | United Arab Emirates | Power-to-liquid | planned | 120 | — |
| Infinium | Infinium | United States | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 100 | 2023 |
| Synhelion (Tan-Tan) | Synhelion | Tan-Tan, Morocco | Power-to-liquid | planned | 100 | — |
| Yiwu project (Hami) | Dondel | Hami, China | Power-to-liquid | under construction | 100 | — |
| Eco-Refinerías del Sur (ERS) | GreenSinnergy | Argentina | Power-to-liquid | planned | 100 | — |
| Xinjiang plant | Dongde Energy | China | Power-to-liquid | planned | 100 | — |
| Shell (Wesseling) | Shell | Wesseling, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | Power-to-liquid | operating | 100 | 2025 |
| Mo Industripark (Mo i Rana) | Infinium | Mo i Rana, Norway | Power-to-liquid | planned | 92 | — |
| Norsk e-Fuel (Tornio) | Norsk e-Fuel | Tornio, Finland | Power-to-liquid | planned | 90 | 2032 |
| DEZiR (Rouen) | Verso Energy | Rouen, France | Power-to-liquid | planned | 80 | 2030 |
| Project Rauma | Norsk e-Fuel | Rauma, Finland | Power-to-liquid | planned | 80 | — |
| Verso Energy (Oulu) | Verso Energy | Oulu, Finland | Power-to-liquid | planned | 80 | — |
| Turboleta SAF (Teruel) | Solarig | Teruel, Spain | Power-to-liquid | planned | 75 | — |
| H4 Marseille Fos (Fos-sur-Mer) | H4 Marseille Fos | Fos-sur-Mer, France | Power-to-liquid | planned | 75 | 2032 |
| Hy2gen (southern France) | Hy2gen | southern France, France | Power-to-liquid | planned | 75 | — |
| ETFuels Humber | ETFuels | Humber, United Kingdom | Power-to-liquid | planned | 70 | 2030 |
| IdunnH2 (Helguvik) | IdunnH2 | Helguvik, Iceland | Power-to-liquid | planned | 66 | 2029 |
| IounnH2 | IounnH2 | Helguvik Harbor, Iceland | Power-to-liquid | planned | 65 | — |
| PIVOT platform (Boston) | Lydian | Boston, United States | Power-to-liquid | planned | 60 | 2030 |
| Numantia SAF project (Soria) | Solarig | Soria, Spain | Power-to-liquid | planned | 60 | 2028 |
| Arcadia eFuels | Arcadia eFuels | Vordingborg, Zealand, Denmark | Power-to-liquid | planned | 55 | 2026 |
| Axens | Axens | France | Power-to-liquid | planned | 50 | 2026 |
| HyKero (Böhlen-Lippendorf) | EDL Anlagenbau Gesellschaft mbH | Böhlen-Lippendorf, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 50 | 2027 |
| HyKero | HyKero | Bohlen-Lippendorf, Saxony, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 50 | — |
| SkyNRG/Stuttgart/Airport/Schwenk Zement | SkyNRG/Stuttgart/Airport/Schwenk Zement | Heidenheim-Mergelstetten, Baden-Württemberg, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 50 | — |
| Synkero | Synkero | Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands | Power-to-liquid | planned | 50 | — |
| Marsden Point | Channel Infrastructure | New Zealand | Power-to-liquid | planned | 48 | — |
| Fortescue Future Industries | Fortescue Future Industries | Marsden Point, Auckland, New Zealand | Power-to-liquid | planned | 46 | — |
| Norsk E-Fuel | Norsk E-Fuel | Mosjoen, Nordland, Norway | Power-to-liquid | planned | 40 | 2026 |
| P2X-Europe (Figueura da Foz) | P2X-Europe | Figueura da Foz, Portugal | Power-to-liquid | planned | 40 | — |
| Brandenburg eSAF (Schwedt) | ZAFFRA | Schwedt, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 30 | 2030 |
| Concrete Chemicals Schwedt | Concrete Chemicals | Schwedt, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 30 | 2030 |
| La Mède renewable hydrogen production unit | Air Liquide | La Mède, France | Power-to-liquid | planned | 25 | 2028 |
| SAF+Consortium | SAF+Consortium | East Montreal, Quebec, Canada | Power-to-liquid | planned | 23 | 2028 |
| HyNovea (H2Gen) | HyNovea (H2Gen) | Gurdanne, France | Power-to-liquid | planned | 16 | — |
| HyNovera (Hy2Gen) | HyNovera (Hy2Gen) | Bohlen-Lippendorf, Saxony, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 16 | 2027 |
| Carbonshift (Teesworks) | Willis Sustainable Fuels (UK) Ltd. | Teesworks, United Kingdom | Power-to-liquid | planned | 15 | — |
| Rüdersdorf | CEMEX | Rüdersdorf, Germany | Power-to-liquid | planned | 15 | — |
From the SAFxCHANGE capacity board, which holds every plant with its sources; news-found plants not yet settled are left out of totals there.
Connections how this fuel links to the rest of the register
Made at
- Geely · China 100,000 thousand tonnes a year · cancelled
- Liverpool Bay CCS project · United Kingdom 4,500 thousand tonnes a year · under construction
- Pudimadaka Green Hydrogen Hub · India 2,500 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- EDF (Ras Shukeir) · Egypt 999 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- Huelva green hydrogen valley · Spain 800 thousand tonnes a year · under construction
- Paysandú · Uruguay 700 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- HIF Global (Speyer) · Germany 485 thousand tonnes a year · planned
- HIF Global (Matagorda) · United States 485 thousand tonnes a year · under construction
Other sustainable aviation fuel
The whole map of how records connect · these connections as data: /graph/fuel/e-saf.json.
Sources: FAA Civil Aviation Registry (November 2, 2026) for the engines and aircraft; the FAA airport master file for fuel sold; the FAA's supplemental type certificate listings for the approvals; SAFxCHANGE's record for the plants, deals and the airports named in the news; the sellers' own websites where named. Specifications as published by ASTM International and the U.S. military. The fuel makers' own pages say where their fuel is sold this month; this page is as current as those records.