Bell 47-G5 accident near Essex Junction, Vermont, December 14, 1998
On December 14, 1998 at about 9:44 pm local time, a Bell 47-G5 (helicopter), registered N8103J, was substantially damaged in an accident near Essex Junction, Vermont. It was a personal flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 2 people were seriously injured. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).
The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged
the pilot's improper entry into the autorotation, which resulted in the loss of power and a low rotor rpm condition. Also causal was the pilot's improper execution of the autorotation which resulted in the hard landing. Factors in the accident were the performance of the autorotation at dusk over rough terrain.
Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made November 2, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.
What the record shows
- Date
- December 14, 1998 · about 9:44 pm local time · cases in 1998
- Place
- Essex Junction, Vermont
- Type
- Accident
- Injuries
- 2 people were seriously injured.
- Weather
- visual conditions (good weather)
- Aircraft
- Bell 47-G5 · all 47-G5s on the register
- Registration
- N8103J · registry record · serial 25001
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Personal flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)
The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record
The pilot and mechanic departed on a maintenance test flight after completing the installation of an overhauled engine. They performed ground engine runs and two short legs of the test flight. After each leg, the helicopter was shut down and the engine was checked for leaks. The pilot departed on the third leg after official sunset, and after climbing to approximately 1,700 feet, the pilot closed the throttle, then entered autorotation. The mechanic said the engine and rotor rpm decayed simultaneously and then the engine stopped running. During descent, the pilot attempted to restart the engine without success. The autorotation was terminated with a hard landing. Examination of the engine revealed no anomalies and it ran to rated power in a test cell. While operating at full rpm, the throttle was moved rapidly to the flight idle position. The engine exhibited a smooth reduction in rpm to the idle power setting with no interruption. An FAA Helicopter Handbook stated to begin an autorotation, the collective should be placed full down maintain cruise RPM with the throttle. Then decrease the throttle and adjust it to keep the engine RPM 'well above normal idling speed.'
The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.
The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English
Pilot
- Certificate: private
- Ratings: single-engine land; rotorcraft: helicopter
- Flight time: 490 hours in all; 139 in this make and model; 6 in the last 90 days; 490 as pilot in command
- Medical certificate: Class 3 (valid medical--w/ waivers/lim.)
- Seat: left
The aircraft
- Airframe total time: 6,143 hours
- Last inspection: annual inspection, December 14, 1998; 1 hours since
- Maximum gross weight: 2,600 lb
- Seats: 2
- Landing gear: fixed
- Engine: Lycoming VO-435-B1A (piston); 0 hours total
The flight
- Departed from: NONE at 4:30 pm
- Flight plan: none
- Runway 0
Weather at the time
- Light: dusk
- Wind: from 350° at 5 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Sky: broken clouds at 3,400 ft; not recorded
- Temperature: 28°F (-2°C), dew point 16°F (-9°C)
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observation at 3:44 pm from BTV, 10 miles away
Injuries
| Fatal | Serious | Minor | None | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crew | 1 | |||
| Passengers | 1 |
Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report
The docket, the folder of records gathered during an investigation (maintenance records, photographs, witness statements, examinations), has not been read from the NTSB for this case yet; the list appears here once it has. Open the docket at the NTSB.
Connections how this case links to the rest of the register
- N8103J on the register today · the tail number may have moved to another aircraft since
- Bell 47 478 registered today · the model family and its accident history
- Bell 3,080 aircraft on the register
- Engine: Lycoming VO-435-B1A 6 aircraft carry this series today · as the NTSB recorded it
- Accidents and incidents in Vermont 248 since 1982 · 35 in the last ten years
- Vermont 676 aircraft registered
The whole map of how records connect · these connections as data: /graph/accident/IAD99LA024.json.
The bigger picture in Aviation Analytics: accidents over time since 1982, by model, by phase of flight and conditions, by place and on the map.
Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text does not name anyone involved, its policy at this time. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.