Plan a flight · Sun 8:23 pm EDT (00:23 UTC)

John F Kennedy International to Dane County Rgnl/Truax Field JFK → MSN

710 nautical miles (817 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 287°, about 300° magnetic at the departure end (variation 13W). At 120 knots that is 5 h 58 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 1-knot headwind), arriving about 1:21 am CDT (06:21 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now JFK is marginal VFR, wind from the northeast (050°) at 11 knots; MSN is VFR, wind from the south (180°) at 5 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 4 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

SIGMET E16E: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 32,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 25 knots, until 9:55 pm EDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 10 to 49 nm out.

as issued

WSUS31 KKCI 112355
MKCE WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 16E
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
NY NJ PA DE MD VA DC WV AND NJ NY CSTL WTRS
FROM SAX-30SE JFK-10N DCA-60ENE EKN-SAX
AREA EMBD TS MOV FROM 22025KT. TOPS TO FL320.

AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the first 237 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the first 217 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 30 to 207 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 21,000 ft to 33,000 ft. Over the route from 69 to 306 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 89 to 257 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 414 to 474 nm out.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from JFK.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

urgent CL60 at 800 ft, 26 nm north, 6:44 pm EDT (22:44 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: low-level wind shear +10/-10 during the descent onf runway 16. At the departure end, 26 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
HPN UUA /OV HPN/TM 2244/FL008/TP CL60/TB MOD CHOP/RM LLWS +10/-10 DURD ONF RWY16
```
Report
an urgent report filed through HPN
Where
over HPN
Time
22:44 UTC
Height
at 800 ft
Aircraft
CL60
Turbulence
moderate chop
Remarks
low-level wind shear +10/-10 during the descent onf runway 16
urgent E55P at 100 ft, 26 nm north, 6:16 pm EDT (22:16 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: low-level wind shear +10/-10 knots during the descent on final runway 16. At the departure end, 26 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
HPN UUA /OV HPN/TM 2216/FL001/TP E55P/TB MOD CHOP/RM LLWS +10/-10 KTS DURD ON FINAL RWY16
```
Report
an urgent report filed through HPN
Where
over HPN
Time
22:16 UTC
Height
at 100 ft
Aircraft
E55P
Turbulence
moderate chop
Remarks
low-level wind shear +10/-10 knots during the descent on final runway 16
TBM9 descending, 32 nm east, 7:45 pm EDT (23:45 UTC): moderate turbulence, a broken layer above 700 ft. At the departure end, 32 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ISP UA /OV ISP/TM 2345/FLDURD/TP TBM9/SK BKN007/TB MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through ISP
Where
over ISP
Time
23:45 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
TBM9
Sky
a broken layer from 700 ft
Turbulence
moderate
A333 at 3,000 ft, 25 nm south, 7:10 pm EDT (23:10 UTC): moderate turbulence. At the departure end, 25 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JFK UA /OV JFK180025/TM 2310/FL030/TP A333/TB MOD TURB
```
Report
a routine report filed through JFK
Where
25 nm south (180°) of JFK
Time
23:10 UTC
Height
at 3,000 ft
Aircraft
A333
Turbulence
moderate turbulence
A32N , 1 nm southeast, 7:01 pm EDT (23:01 UTC): moderate turbulence. At the departure end, 1 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JFK UA /OV JFK10008/TM 2301/FL3000/TP A32N/TB MOD TURB
```
Report
a routine report filed through JFK
Where
JFK10008
Time
23:01 UTC
Height
at 300,000 ft
Aircraft
A32N
Turbulence
moderate turbulence
TBM9 descending, 32 nm east, 6:55 pm EDT (22:55 UTC): moderate turbulence, a broken layer above 700 ft. At the departure end, 32 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ISP UA /OV ISP/TM 2255/FLDURD/TP TBM9/SK BKN007/TB MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through ISP
Where
over ISP
Time
22:55 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
TBM9
Sky
a broken layer from 700 ft
Turbulence
moderate
CRJ7 at 15,000 ft, 24 nm south, 8:07 pm EDT (00:07 UTC): moderate chop turbulence. At the departure end, 24 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BLM UA /OV COL/TM 0007/FL150/TP CRJ7/TB MOD CHOP
```
Report
a routine report filed through BLM
Where
over COL
Time
00:07 UTC
Height
at 15,000 ft
Aircraft
CRJ7
Turbulence
moderate chop
C25B at 25,000 ft, 37 nm south, 5:47 pm EDT (21:47 UTC): moderate rime icing, 0 °C. 187 nm along the route, 37 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PSB UA /OV PSB/TM 2147/FL250/TP C25B/TA 0/IC MOD RIME
```
Report
a routine report filed through PSB
Where
over PSB
Time
21:47 UTC
Height
at 25,000 ft
Aircraft
C25B
Temperature
0 °C
Icing
moderate rime
E170 at 4,000 ft, 30 nm north, 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): sandstorm, thunderstorms, thunderstorms. At the departure end, 30 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LGA UA /OV HAARP/TM 0000/FL040/TP E170/WV GAIN 50KTS LOSS 50KTS
```
Report
a routine report filed through LGA
Where
haarp
Time
00:00 UTC
Height
at 4,000 ft
Aircraft
E170
Wind
gain 50 knots loss 50 knots
BCS3 at 25,000 ft, 40 nm northeast, 7:58 pm EDT (23:58 UTC): light chop turbulence, remarks: during the descent. At the departure end, 40 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BDR UA /OV BDR170010/TM 2358/FL250/TP BCS3/TB LGT CHOP/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through BDR
Where
10 nm south (170°) of BDR
Time
23:58 UTC
Height
at 25,000 ft
Aircraft
BCS3
Turbulence
light chop
Remarks
during the descent
E170 at 4,000 ft, 30 nm north, 7:51 pm EDT (23:51 UTC): light to moderate turbulence from 4,000 ft to 11,000 ft. At the departure end, 30 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LGA UA /OV HAARP/TM 2351/FL040/TP E170/TB LGT-MOD 040-110
```
Report
a routine report filed through LGA
Where
haarp
Time
23:51 UTC
Height
at 4,000 ft
Aircraft
E170
Turbulence
light to moderate from 4,000 ft to 11,000 ft
A320 , 20 nm south, 6:50 pm EDT (22:50 UTC): remarks: updraft and airspeeed gain on base leg. At the departure end, 20 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JFK UA /OV JFK180020/TM 2250/FL3000/TP A320/RM UPDRAFT AND AIRSPEEED GAIN ON BASE LEG
```
Report
a routine report filed through JFK
Where
20 nm south (180°) of JFK
Time
22:50 UTC
Height
at 300,000 ft
Aircraft
A320
Remarks
updraft and airspeeed gain on base leg
B763 at 2,000 ft, 8 nm southwest, 6:50 pm EDT (22:50 UTC): overcast above 2,000 ft, remarks: low-level wind shear a 15-knot loss of airspeed during the descent. At the departure end, 8 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JFK UA /OV KJFK225008/TM 2250/FL020/TP B763/SK OVC020/RM LLWS +/-15KT DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through JFK
Where
8 nm southwest (225°) of KJFK
Time
22:50 UTC
Height
at 2,000 ft
Aircraft
B763
Sky
overcast from 2,000 ft
Remarks
low-level wind shear a 15-knot loss of airspeed during the descent
C68A at 3,000 ft, 50 nm east, 6:36 pm EDT (22:36 UTC): light chop turbulence, imc, light rain. At the departure end, 50 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FOK UA /OV CCC150005/TM 2236/FL030/TP C68A/SK IMC/WX -RA/TB LGT CHOP
```
Report
a routine report filed through FOK
Where
5 nm southeast (150°) of CCC
Time
22:36 UTC
Height
at 3,000 ft
Aircraft
C68A
Sky
instrument conditions
Weather
light rain
Turbulence
light chop

16 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 20:00–03:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 9 forecast points nearest it (JFK, AVP, PSB, BUF, CLE, FWA, MKG, GRB, DBQ). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
4,500 ft	210° at 5 kt	+1 kt	13 °C	119 kt	5 h 58 min	1:21 am CDT (06:21 UTC)
6,500 ft	260° at 8 kt	+7 kt	13 °C	113 kt	6 h 17 min	1:40 am CDT (06:40 UTC)
8,500 ft	280° at 10 kt	+9 kt	9 °C	111 kt	6 h 24 min	1:47 am CDT (06:47 UTC)
10,500 ft	290° at 11 kt	+10 kt	6 °C	110 kt	6 h 27 min	1:50 am CDT (06:50 UTC)
12,500 ft	290° at 11 kt	+11 kt	2 °C	109 kt	6 h 31 min	1:54 am CDT (06:54 UTC)
14,500 ft	280° at 13 kt	+13 kt	-2 °C	107 kt	6 h 38 min	2:01 am CDT (07:01 UTC)
16,500 ft	270° at 16 kt	+15 kt	-6 °C	105 kt	6 h 46 min	2:09 am CDT (07:09 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	270° at 17 kt	+16 kt	-10 °C	104 kt	6 h 50 min	2:13 am CDT (07:13 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	270° at 18 kt	+17 kt	-21 °C	103 kt	6 h 54 min	2:17 am CDT (07:17 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	270° at 34 kt	+31 kt	-35 °C	89 kt	7 h 59 min	3:22 am CDT (08:22 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	260° at 43 kt	+36 kt	-43 °C	84 kt	8 h 27 min	3:50 am CDT (08:50 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	260° at 51 kt	+45 kt	-50 °C	75 kt	9 h 28 min	4:51 am CDT (09:51 UTC)

Based on data from the 11th at 18:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 00:00 UTC for use 20:00 to 03:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
JFK	used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line	140/43	170/35 13°	230/18 9°	250/25 5°	240/40 -7°	230/50 -17°	230/75 -31°	230/78 -41°	230/88 -53°
AVP	used from 49 nm out; 27 nm from the line	110/36	190/34 13°	230/11 8°	230/16 4°	230/26 -8°	220/40 -19°	230/73 -33°	230/98 -41°	230/87 -51°
PSB	used from 148 nm out; 44 nm from the line		260/13 13°	220/12 8°	220/11 4°	230/27 -11°	210/31 -21°	220/73 -32°	220/75 -40°	230/66 -50°
BUF	used from 247 nm out; 76 nm from the line	170/19	L/V 10°	040/9 6°	220/8 2°	230/15 -11°	220/33 -22°	220/47 -35°	230/55 -41°	230/56 -50°
CLE	used from 296 nm out; 66 nm from the line	340/5	320/13 14°	300/12 8°	310/10 2°	310/14 -10°	340/14 -23°	320/27 -35°	260/28 -40°	250/36 -48°
FWA	used from 444 nm out; 109 nm from the line	350/9	350/24 15°	360/25 9°	360/29 4°	350/31 -10°	340/39 -22°	330/40 -37°	320/38 -43°	320/48 -48°
MKG	used from 493 nm out; 62 nm from the line	250/5	320/10 15°	310/19 9°	320/21 3°	310/23 -10°	330/37 -22°	330/51 -38°	320/44 -47°	300/60 -49°
GRB	used from 641 nm out; 87 nm from the line	240/24	260/18 16°	270/20 11°	290/14 4°	280/24 -9°	300/34 -21°	310/51 -38°	310/54 -48°	300/71 -51°
DBQ	used from 691 nm out; 82 nm from the line	220/23	240/22 16°	240/24 10°	260/18 5°	270/16 -8°	290/27 -19°	310/42 -35°	320/55 -44°	300/71 -52°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
JFK New York, NY	departure	marginal VFR Sky: a broken layer at 1,100 feet, overcast at 2,200 feet Weather: light rain, mist	from the northeast (050°) at 11 knots	4 mi	1,100 ft	13 ft	7:51 pm EDT (23:51 UTC)
MMU Morristown, NJ	30 nm out, 1 nm northwest of the line, tower	IFR Sky: overcast at 900 feet Weather: rain	from the northeast (050°) at 9 knots, gusting to 13	3 mi	900 ft	186 ft	23:45 UTC
AVP Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, PA	99 nm out, 15 nm northeast of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 1,400 feet Weather: light rain	from the east (080°) at 7 knots, gusting to 21	10+ mi	1,400 ft	961 ft	23:54 UTC
IPT Williamsport, PA	148 nm out, 5 nm south of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 300 feet, a broken layer at 2,000 feet, overcast at 2,600 feet Weather: mist	calm	4 mi	2,000 ft	528 ft	00:15 UTC
BFD Bradford, PA	227 nm out, 8 nm north of the line	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 800 feet, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, overcast at 3,100 feet	from the east (100°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	3,100 ft	2,143 ft	00:02 UTC
ERI Erie, PA	296 nm out, 9 nm north of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 3,000 feet	from the east-northeast (070°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	3,000 ft	732 ft	23:51 UTC
DET Detroit, MI	424 nm out, 4 nm west of the line, tower	IFR Sky: scattered clouds at 400 feet, overcast at 900 feet Weather: mist	calm	3 mi	900 ft	624 ft	23:53 UTC
PTK Pontiac, MI	444 nm out, 13 nm north of the line, tower	IFR Sky: a broken layer at 500 feet, overcast at 1,000 feet Weather: mist	calm	1.5 mi	500 ft	980 ft	00:00 UTC
GRR Grand Rapids, MI	543 nm out, 8 nm north of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 25,000 feet	from the southeast (140°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	793 ft	23:53 UTC
MKG Muskegon, MI	572 nm out, 21 nm north of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 25,000 feet	from the southwest (220°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	none	628 ft	23:55 UTC
UES Waukesha, WI	661 nm out, 1 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	from the south (180°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	911 ft	23:45 UTC
MSN Madison, WI	destination	VFR	from the south (180°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	886 ft	6:53 pm CDT (23:53 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 2,143 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At MSN when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 1:21 am CDT (06:21 UTC)

Wind from the south at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, a broken layer at 25,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for MSN

From Sun 7:00 pm CDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the south at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm CDT (04:00 UTC): wind from the south at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, a broken layer at 25,000 feet
From Mon 7:00 am CDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet

The forecast for JFK, the departure

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the northeast at 15 knots, gusting to 25, visibility 5 miles, light rain showers, mist, scattered clouds at 400 feet, overcast at 600 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the north-northeast at 12 knots, visibility 6 miles, mist, showers nearby, scattered clouds at 400 feet, overcast at 600 feet
At times between Sun 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC) and 3:00 am EDT (07:00 UTC): a broken layer at 400 feet
From Mon 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the north at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 800 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Mon 11:00 am EDT (15:00 UTC): wind from the north at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 2,500 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the north-northwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, scattered clouds at 5,000 feet
From Mon 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 5,000 feet
From Mon 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the north-northwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 5,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

5/2811 NEW YORK, NY, Monday, October 20, 2025 through Tuesday, October 20, 2026 Local 3 nm from the route, at the departure end · security · until 20 October · ZNY
6/8829 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 19 nm from the route, 306 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
6/8587 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 19 nm from the route, 306 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB

Daylight

Sunset at JFK 6:19 pm EDT (22:19 UTC), at MSN 6:19 pm CDT (23:19 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:48 pm CDT (23:48 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at MSN is before sunrise there (7:07 am CDT (12:07 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: John F Kennedy International, Dane County Rgnl/Truax Field.