Plan a flight · Mon 6:27 am CDT (11:27 UTC)

Valley International to Buffalo Niagara International HRL → BUF

1,365 nautical miles (1,571 statute miles) northeast on a straight line, true course 038°, about 035° magnetic at the departure end (variation 3E). At 120 knots that is 10 h 40 min at the quickest height in today's winds (3,500 ft, a 8-knot tailwind), arriving about 6:07 pm EDT (22:07 UTC). Right now HRL is VFR, wind from the south-southeast (150°) at 6 knots; BUF is marginal VFR, wind from the west-southwest (250°) at 5 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 4 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the last 528 nm of the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, mist). Near the route, at the destination end.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from HRL.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

SF30 at 21,000 ft, 43 nm northwest, 4:35 am CDT (09:35 UTC): light rime icing, -10 °C, remarks: zhu. 249 nm along the route, 43 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
IAH UA /OV DAS02002/TM 0935/FL210/TP SF30/TA M10/IC LGT RIME/RM ZHU
```
Report
a routine report filed through IAH
Where
DAS02002
Time
09:35 UTC
Height
at 21,000 ft
Aircraft
SF30
Temperature
−10 °C
Icing
light rime
Remarks
zhu
E75L at 33,000 ft, 39 nm southeast, 6:09 am CDT (11:09 UTC): no turbulence, remarks: ZME62. 857 nm along the route, 39 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BNA UA /OV BNA045040/TM 1109/FL330/TP E75L/TB NEG/RM ZME62
```
Report
a routine report filed through BNA
Where
40 nm northeast (045°) of BNA
Time
11:09 UTC
Height
at 33,000 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Turbulence
none
Remarks
ZME62
E170 at 100 ft, 31 nm southeast, 5:11 am CDT (10:11 UTC): remarks: in the clouds on rotation. 967 nm along the route, 31 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LEX UA /OV LEX/TM 1011/FL001/TP E170/SK VV001-TOP013/RM IN THE CLOUDS ON ROTATION
```
Report
a routine report filed through LEX
Where
over LEX
Time
10:11 UTC
Height
at 100 ft
Aircraft
E170
Sky
sky obscured from 100 ft, tops 1,300 ft
Remarks
in the clouds on rotation
E170 at 1,100 ft, 31 nm southeast, 5:11 am CDT (10:11 UTC): overcast from 1,100 ft to 1,300 ft, remarks: cig VV001/IN clouds on rotation cor. 967 nm along the route, 31 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LEX UA /OV LEX /TM 1011 /FL011 /TP E170 /SK OVC011-TOP013 /RM CIG VV001/IN CLOUDS ON ROTATION -COR
```
Report
a routine report filed through LEX
Where
over LEX
Time
10:11 UTC
Height
at 1,100 ft
Aircraft
E170
Sky
overcast from 1,100 ft, tops 1,300 ft
Remarks
cig VV001/IN clouds on rotation cor
CRJ7 at 5,000 ft, 29 nm southeast, 4:37 am CDT (09:37 UTC): scattered clouds above 10,000 ft, remarks: during the climb. 977 nm along the route, 29 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LEX UA /OV HYK330010/TM 0937/FL050/TP CRJ7/SK SCT001/RM DURC
```
Report
a routine report filed through LEX
Where
10 nm northwest (330°) of HYK
Time
09:37 UTC
Height
at 5,000 ft
Aircraft
CRJ7
Sky
scattered clouds from 100 ft
Remarks
during the climb
PC12 at 17,000 ft, 14 nm southeast, 6:01 am CDT (11:01 UTC): no turbulence, clear from 17,000 ft to 60,000 ft, remarks: lil dark. 997 nm along the route, 14 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LEX UA /OV HYK360035/TM 1101/FL170/TP PC12/SK SKC/TB NEG/RM LIL DARK
```
Report
a routine report filed through LEX
Where
35 nm north (360°) of HYK
Time
11:01 UTC
Height
at 17,000 ft
Aircraft
PC12
Sky
clear
Turbulence
none
Remarks
lil dark
B737 at 100 ft, 13 nm northwest, 5:24 am CDT (10:24 UTC): sky obscured, remarks: runway 36R arrival, bases at clear-air turbulence 3 mins. 1007 nm along the route, 13 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CVG UA /OV CVG/TM 1024/FL001/TP B737/SK VV001/RM RWY 36R ARRIVAL, BASES AT CAT 3 MINS
```
Report
a routine report filed through CVG
Where
over CVG
Time
10:24 UTC
Height
at 100 ft
Aircraft
B737
Sky
sky obscured from 100 ft
Remarks
runway 36R arrival, bases at clear-air turbulence 3 mins
B739 climbing, 14 nm northwest, 5:19 am CDT (10:19 UTC): a routine report with nothing remarked on. 1007 nm along the route, 14 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CVG UA /OV 1 W CVG/TM 1019/FLDURC/TP B739/SK TOPS 011
```
Report
a routine report filed through CVG
Where
1 west cvg
Time
10:19 UTC
Height
during the climb
Aircraft
B739
Sky
tops 1,100 ft
B763 at 100 ft, 14 nm northwest, 4:05 am CDT (09:05 UTC): sky obscured, remarks: during the climb. 1007 nm along the route, 14 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CVG UA /OV CVG270001/TM 0905/FL001/TP B763/SK VV001/RM DURC
```
Report
a routine report filed through CVG
Where
1 nm west (270°) of CVG
Time
09:05 UTC
Height
at 100 ft
Aircraft
B763
Sky
sky obscured from 100 ft
Remarks
during the climb
CRJ7 at 3,000 ft, 35 nm northwest, 5:08 am CDT (10:08 UTC): a routine report with nothing remarked on. 1056 nm along the route, 35 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CMH UA /OV DAY/TM 1008/FL030/TP CRJ7/SK TOP015
```
Report
a routine report filed through CMH
Where
over DAY
Time
10:08 UTC
Height
at 3,000 ft
Aircraft
CRJ7
Sky
TOP015
CL35 climbing, 8 nm northwest, 6:00 am CDT (11:00 UTC): a routine report with nothing remarked on. 1106 nm along the route, 8 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
OSU UA /OV OSU270003/TM 1100/FLDURC/TP CL35/SK B016
```
Report
a routine report filed through OSU
Where
3 nm west (270°) of OSU
Time
11:00 UTC
Height
during the climb
Aircraft
CL35
Sky
B016
E170 at 6,000 ft, 4 nm east, 5:00 am CDT (10:00 UTC): remarks: during the climb. 1106 nm along the route, 4 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CMH UA /OV CMH/TM 1000/FL060/TP E170/SK B008-TOP031/RM DURC
```
Report
a routine report filed through CMH
Where
over CMH
Time
10:00 UTC
Height
at 6,000 ft
Aircraft
E170
Sky
B008-TOP031
Remarks
during the climb
B737 at 39,000 ft, 7 nm southeast, 3:40 am CDT (08:40 UTC): light chop turbulence. 1126 nm along the route, 7 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CMH UA /OV APE/TM 0840/FL390/TP B737/TB CONS LGT CHOP 390 NEG 350-330
```
Report
a routine report filed through CMH
Where
over APE
Time
08:40 UTC
Height
at 39,000 ft
Aircraft
B737
Turbulence
continuous light chop at 39,000 ft no from 35,000 ft to 33,000 ft
E75L at 21,000 ft, 38 nm southeast, 5:23 am CDT (10:23 UTC): clear from 21,000 ft to 60,000 ft. 1136 nm along the route, 38 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ZZV UA /OV ZZV/TM 1023/FL210/TP E75L/SK SKC
```
Report
a routine report filed through ZZV
Where
over ZZV
Time
10:23 UTC
Height
at 21,000 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Sky
clear

10 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 15 forecast points nearest it (BRO, CRP, PSX, HOU, LCH, SHV, JAN, MEM, BNA, EVV, LOU, CVG, CMH, CLE, BUF). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
3,500 ft	240° at 8 kt	−8 kt		128 kt	10 h 40 min	6:07 pm EDT (22:07 UTC)
5,500 ft	260° at 8 kt	−6 kt		126 kt	10 h 50 min	6:17 pm EDT (22:17 UTC)
7,500 ft	280° at 8 kt	−5 kt	14 °C	125 kt	10 h 55 min	6:22 pm EDT (22:22 UTC)
9,500 ft	290° at 9 kt	−4 kt	10 °C	124 kt	11 h	6:27 pm EDT (22:27 UTC)
11,500 ft	300° at 10 kt	−3 kt	6 °C	123 kt	11 h 06 min	6:33 pm EDT (22:33 UTC)
13,500 ft	300° at 12 kt	−3 kt	3 °C	123 kt	11 h 06 min	6:33 pm EDT (22:33 UTC)
15,500 ft	300° at 15 kt	−4 kt	-1 °C	124 kt	11 h	6:27 pm EDT (22:27 UTC)
17,500 ft	300° at 17 kt	−4 kt	-5 °C	124 kt	11 h	6:27 pm EDT (22:27 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	300° at 18 kt	−5 kt	-6 °C	125 kt	10 h 55 min	6:22 pm EDT (22:22 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	300° at 20 kt	−6 kt	-17 °C	126 kt	10 h 50 min	6:17 pm EDT (22:17 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	320° at 30 kt	+1 kt	-32 °C	119 kt	11 h 28 min	6:55 pm EDT (22:55 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	320° at 39 kt	+2 kt	-42 °C	118 kt	11 h 34 min	7:01 pm EDT (23:01 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	330° at 43 kt	+9 kt	-51 °C	111 kt	12 h 18 min	7:45 pm EDT (23:45 UTC)

Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
BRO	used from 0 nm out; 39 nm from the line	160/15	160/15 18°	170/11 14°	150/7 9°	L/V -4°	170/6 -15°	100/15 -29°	100/14 -41°	040/26 -51°
CRP	used from 50 nm out; 51 nm from the line	140/21	160/22 17°	180/14 13°	210/6 9°	270/10 -5°	200/8 -13°	L/V -29°	L/V -40°	030/28 -51°
PSX	used from 100 nm out; 52 nm from the line	160/24	190/17 17°	200/10 15°	L/V 8°	260/7 -5°	220/10 -12°	310/11 -30°	320/13 -40°	010/29 -51°
HOU	used from 199 nm out; 32 nm from the line	180/22	180/20 16°	170/7 15°	L/V 8°	220/11 -6°	260/15 -13°	310/20 -30°	320/20 -40°	350/32 -51°
LCH	used from 299 nm out; 36 nm from the line	170/21	160/23 18°	170/13 13°	170/6 8°	300/12 -7°	280/16 -14°	320/27 -30°	330/23 -41°	340/38 -51°
SHV	used from 399 nm out; 78 nm from the line	210/20	210/20 18°	230/20 11°	240/16 7°	270/17 -7°	250/11 -15°	300/34 -30°	310/34 -40°	320/36 -51°
JAN	used from 449 nm out; 94 nm from the line	240/10	260/15 18°	280/10 11°	290/6 6°	290/15 -5°	300/15 -17°	320/35 -30°	330/38 -40°	330/39 -51°
MEM	used from 598 nm out; 50 nm from the line	250/19	260/19 17°	270/20 12°	270/16 6°	270/21 -6°	290/27 -17°	300/37 -30°	300/49 -40°	310/40 -51°
BNA	used from 748 nm out; 60 nm from the line	300/20	300/14 15°	300/14 10°	300/13 4°	310/22 -5°	280/24 -18°	310/37 -33°	310/50 -41°	320/49 -51°
EVV	used from 847 nm out; 68 nm from the line	270/25	290/17 15°	260/10 8°	270/16 5°	280/29 -6°	280/33 -19°	290/38 -33°	300/53 -41°	310/54 -51°
LOU	used from 897 nm out; 23 nm from the line	300/16	310/19 15°	310/17 9°	300/15 4°	300/26 -6°	280/34 -19°	290/30 -34°	310/49 -42°	310/58 -51°
CVG	used from 997 nm out; 18 nm from the line	300/19	310/23 15°	320/20 9°	310/18 3°	300/26 -6°	290/36 -19°	310/32 -34°	310/53 -43°	310/61 -51°
CMH	used from 1047 nm out; 37 nm from the line	320/12	340/26 15°	340/22 9°	320/24 3°	320/32 -7°	320/36 -20°	330/42 -35°	320/59 -44°	320/57 -50°
CLE	used from 1146 nm out; 39 nm from the line	310/7	350/20 14°	340/16 9°	320/21 2°	320/32 -8°	330/34 -20°	330/45 -36°	320/60 -45°	320/64 -51°
BUF	used from 1296 nm out; 45 nm from the line	300/11	330/15 11°	340/26 8°	330/28 2°	340/31 -10°	340/32 -21°	340/52 -37°	340/59 -46°	330/66 -53°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
HRL Harlingen, TX	departure	VFR	from the south-southeast (150°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	none	36 ft	5:52 am CDT (10:52 UTC)
GLS Galveston, TX	239 nm out, 5 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 2,400 feet	from the southeast (130°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	5 ft	12:46 UTC
BPT Beaumont/Port Arthur, TX	299 nm out, 11 nm southeast of the line, tower	VFR	from the south-southeast (150°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	14 ft	10:53 UTC
MLU Monroe, LA	478 nm out, 11 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	calm	10+ mi	none	78 ft	10:53 UTC
GLH Greenville, MS	558 nm out, 9 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	from the southwest (230°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	130 ft	10:53 UTC
MKL Jackson, TN	718 nm out, 18 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	from the south-southwest (200°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	434 ft	10:53 UTC
SDF Louisville, KY	937 nm out, 12 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 25,000 feet	from the southeast (140°) at 3 knots	7 mi	none	500 ft	10:56 UTC
ILN Wilmington, OH	1056 nm out, 2 nm west of the line, tower	low IFR Sky: sky obscured at 100 feet Weather: fog	from the south-southwest (210°) at 4 knots	0.25 mi	100 ft	1,076 ft	11:06 UTC
TZR Columbus, OH	1096 nm out, 0 nm west of the line, tower	IFR Sky: overcast at 700 feet	from the west-northwest (290°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	700 ft	904 ft	10:55 UTC
ERI Erie, PA	1286 nm out, 5 nm west of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 3,000 feet	variable at 4 knots	10+ mi	3,000 ft	732 ft	00:51 UTC
BUF Buffalo, NY	destination	marginal VFR Sky: a few clouds at 700 feet, overcast at 1,300 feet Weather: mist	from the west-southwest (250°) at 5 knots	6 mi	1,300 ft	726 ft	7:10 am EDT (11:10 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 1,076 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At BUF when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 6:07 pm EDT (22:07 UTC)

Wind from the west-southwest at 10 knots, gusting to 18, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 3,000 feet marginal VFR

The whole forecast for BUF

From Mon 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 700 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Mon 11:00 am EDT (15:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,200 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 10 knots, gusting to 18, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 3,000 feet
From Mon 7:00 pm EDT (23:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 20,000 feet
From Mon 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, scattered clouds at 20,000 feet
From Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 9,000 feet
30% chance between Tue 6:00 am EDT (10:00 UTC) and 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 7,000 feet

The forecast for HRL, the departure

From Mon 7:00 am CDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the southeast at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
From Mon 9:00 am CDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
From Mon 1:00 pm CDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 12 knots, gusting to 20, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 7,000 feet
From Mon 9:00 pm CDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the southeast at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

6/8029 Cincinnati, OH, Friday, October 9, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 9 nm from the route, 1007 nm along the route · a VIP movement · until 12 October · ZID
6/8587 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local on the route, 1216 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
6/8829 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 10 nm from the route, 1226 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
6/8888 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 15 nm from the route, 1236 nm along the route · security · today · ZOB

Daylight

Sunset at HRL 7:04 pm CDT (00:04 UTC), at BUF 6:37 pm EDT (22:37 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:06 pm EDT (23:06 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the southern Plains · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the lower Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Valley International, Buffalo Niagara International.