Plan a flight · Tue 6:05 am EDT (10:05 UTC)

Albany International to San Francisco International ALB → SFO

2,218 nautical miles (2,553 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 279°, about 292° magnetic at the departure end (variation 13W). At 120 knots that is 20 h 21 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 11-knot headwind), arriving about 11:26 pm PDT (06:26 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now ALB is marginal VFR, wind from the south-southeast (150°) at 8 knots; SFO is VFR, wind from the northwest (310°) at 5 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

SIGMET C27C: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 39,000 ft, moving from the west at 35 knots, until 7:55 am EDT (11:55 UTC). Over the route from 390 to 430 nm out.

as issued

WSUS32 KKCI 130955
MKCC WST 130955
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 27C
VALID UNTIL 1155Z
MI LH LS LM
FROM 80NNE SAW-60NNE ASP-30SSE ECK-30SSE TVC-40N SAW-80NNE SAW
AREA EMBD TS MOV FROM 25035KT. TOPS TO FL390.

AIRMET SIERRA 1E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the first 80 nm of the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist, fog). Over the first 120 nm of the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 6E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, mist, fog). Over the route from 90 to 160 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 130 to 650 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 460 nm along the route.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 24,000 ft to 36,000 ft. Over the route from 1119 to 1669 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 9E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1199 to 1409 nm out.
AIRMET ZULU 1C: moderate icing up to 22,000 ft. Over the route from 1369 to 1889 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1389 to 1958 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 22,000 ft. Over the route from 1509 to 1679 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the route from 1679 to 2118 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 11E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 1839 nm along the route.
AIRMET ZULU 1C: moderate icing from 7,000 ft to 16,000 ft. Near the route, 1889 nm along the route.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft from 14,000 ft to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 1968 to 2108 nm out.

Turbulence AIRMET in force: moderate turbulence from 24,000 ft to 36,000 ft, over the route from 1119 to 1669 nm out; AIRMET in force: moderate turbulence (due to mountain wave) up to 22,000 ft, over the route from 1509 to 1679 nm out. AIRMET in force: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground), over the route from 130 to 650 nm out. 1 pilot report of turbulence near the line in the last three hours: light to moderate turbulence, at 33,000 ft, 10 nm north, 4:45 am EDT (08:45 UTC). The government's turbulence forecast map ↗

Icing AIRMET in force: moderate icing up to 22,000 ft, over the route from 1369 to 1889 nm out; AIRMET in force: moderate icing from 7,000 ft to 16,000 ft, near the route, 1889 nm along the route. No pilot has reported icing near the line in the last three hours. The freezing level is about 12,000 ft (from the winds-aloft temperatures), so icing is possible in cloud above that. The government's icing forecast map ↗

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from ALB.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

A21N at 33,000 ft, 10 nm north, 4:45 am EDT (08:45 UTC): light to moderate turbulence. 110 nm along the route, 10 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SYR UA /OV SYR/TM 0845/FL330/TP A21N/TB CONS LGT OCNL MOD 330 NEG 350
```
Report
a routine report filed through SYR
Where
over SYR
Time
08:45 UTC
Height
at 33,000 ft
Aircraft
A21N
Turbulence
continuous light occasional moderate at 33,000 ft no at 35,000 ft

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 19 forecast points nearest it (ALB, SYR, BUF, CLE, TVC, MKG, GRB, LSE, MCW, FSD, ONL, BFF, RKS, SLC, ELY, BAM, RNO, SAC, SFO). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
4,500 ft	280° at 12 kt	+11 kt	14 °C	109 kt	20 h 21 min	11:26 pm PDT (06:26 UTC)
6,500 ft	270° at 16 kt	+15 kt	13 °C	105 kt	21 h 07 min	12:12 am PDT (07:12 UTC)
8,500 ft	270° at 19 kt	+18 kt	8 °C	102 kt	21 h 45 min	12:50 am PDT (07:50 UTC)
10,500 ft	260° at 21 kt	+20 kt	3 °C	100 kt	22 h 11 min	1:16 am PDT (08:16 UTC)
12,500 ft	260° at 22 kt	+21 kt	-1 °C	99 kt	22 h 24 min	1:29 am PDT (08:29 UTC)
14,500 ft	260° at 24 kt	+24 kt	-6 °C	96 kt	23 h 06 min	2:11 am PDT (09:11 UTC)
16,500 ft	260° at 26 kt	+26 kt	-10 °C	94 kt	23 h 36 min	2:41 am PDT (09:41 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	260° at 28 kt	+27 kt	-14 °C	93 kt	23 h 51 min	2:56 am PDT (09:56 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	260° at 36 kt	+36 kt	-24 °C	84 kt	26 h 24 min	5:29 am PDT (12:29 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	260° at 53 kt	+54 kt	-34 °C	66 kt	33 h 36 min	12:41 pm PDT (19:41 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	270° at 58 kt	+60 kt	-41 °C	60 kt	36 h 58 min	4:03 pm PDT (23:03 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	260° at 59 kt	+61 kt	-47 °C	59 kt	37 h 36 min	4:41 pm PDT (23:41 UTC)

Based on data from the 13th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 13th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
ALB	used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line	190/20	280/29 11°	270/29 6°	280/29 1°	290/31 -12°	300/43 -22°	310/55 -38°	320/54 -42°	280/48 -47°
SYR	used from 50 nm out; 29 nm from the line	270/16	240/23 12°	240/27 6°	250/30 2°	270/38 -11°	290/48 -21°	300/50 -38°	310/67 -47°	280/37 -46°
BUF	used from 150 nm out; 45 nm from the line	260/36	260/29 13°	250/40 7°	260/44 2°	270/48 -10°	280/44 -22°	300/48 -37°	310/48 -47°	300/60 -45°
CLE	used from 350 nm out; 121 nm from the line	260/29	270/23 15°	250/32 11°	260/38 3°	280/36 -9°	280/32 -22°	300/40 -34°	310/68 -41°	310/77 -47°
TVC	used from 400 nm out; 121 nm from the line	270/31	270/24 14°	270/39 10°	260/47 3°	270/51 -11°	270/45 -21°	290/63 -31°	290/72 -40°	300/77 -49°
MKG	used from 450 nm out; 74 nm from the line	270/25	270/32 16°	270/38 12°	260/39 3°	270/53 -10°	280/49 -22°	290/64 -30°	300/83 -39°	300/93 -48°
GRB	used from 600 nm out; 61 nm from the line	310/23	270/39 16°	270/41 11°	260/39 5°	260/51 -12°	270/49 -20°	280/64 -30°	290/91 -39°	290/105 -49°
LSE	used from 699 nm out; 49 nm from the line	320/25	280/36 15°	280/39 11°	280/44 4°	270/46 -11°	270/54 -19°	280/83 -29°	280/94 -38°	280/93 -49°
MCW	used from 799 nm out; 33 nm from the line	330/20	280/29 18°	280/36 10°	280/36 4°	260/35 -12°	260/52 -20°	270/91 -29°	270/96 -37°	270/88 -48°
FSD	used from 949 nm out; 43 nm from the line	360/17	300/14 15°	240/25 10°	260/30 3°	250/29 -13°	250/47 -22°	250/107 -29°	250/111 -36°	250/101 -48°
ONL	used from 1049 nm out; 31 nm from the line		150/16 14°	230/21 12°	240/23 4°	240/44 -11°	250/66 -23°	240/109 -29°	240/109 -37°	250/104 -48°
BFF	used from 1199 nm out; 95 nm from the line		110/11	240/19 9°	220/29 3°	230/34 -13°	230/57 -25°	220/109 -31°	220/125 -38°	220/123 -48°
RKS	used from 1449 nm out; 87 nm from the line			220/14	200/16 -3°	200/39 -16°	220/51 -25°	210/64 -40°	210/73 -42°	210/80 -43°
SLC	used from 1649 nm out; 27 nm from the line		250/5	190/12 -1°	180/13 -6°	180/19 -20°	190/41 -31°	200/62 -38°	210/51 -41°	210/39 -42°
ELY	used from 1799 nm out; 45 nm from the line			340/15 -5°	L/V -10°	210/18 -23°	220/28 -38°	230/29 -33°	260/22 -36°	240/19 -41°
BAM	used from 1899 nm out; 71 nm from the line			010/19 -6°	050/10 -11°	080/20 -25°	080/31 -34°	010/28 -33°	360/27 -37°	340/15 -42°
RNO	used from 1998 nm out; 68 nm from the line		010/9	030/15 -7°	030/21 -11°	360/56 -18°	350/99 -22°	340/95 -39°	340/85 -46°	350/40 -45°
SAC	used from 2098 nm out; 48 nm from the line	350/16	350/30 5°	340/32 1°	350/45 -2°	340/63 -12°	340/67 -23°	340/73 -39°	330/76 -49°	330/72 -55°
SFO	used from 2198 nm out; 10 nm from the line	360/13	010/17 5°	350/26 4°	350/42 2°	340/51 -11°	340/59 -23°	330/69 -39°	330/67 -49°	330/71 -55°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
ALB Albany, NY	departure	marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 2,900 feet	from the south-southeast (150°) at 8 knots	10+ mi	2,900 ft	284 ft	5:51 am EDT (09:51 UTC)
ROC Rochester, NY	170 nm out, 2 nm west of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 10,000 feet, a broken layer at 25,000 feet	from the southwest (220°) at 11 knots	10+ mi	25,000 ft	558 ft	09:54 UTC
IAG Niagara Falls, NY	230 nm out, 7 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 2,300 feet, a broken layer at 7,000 feet, overcast at 8,500 feet	from the southwest (230°) at 13 knots	10+ mi	7,000 ft	592 ft	09:53 UTC
MBS Saginaw, MI	450 nm out, 6 nm northwest of the line, tower	IFR Weather: mist	calm	2 mi	none	668 ft	09:53 UTC
MSN Madison, WI	679 nm out, 19 nm south of the line, tower	VFR	variable at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	886 ft	09:53 UTC
SPW Spencer, IA	939 nm out, 1 nm east of the line	marginal VFR Sky: a broken layer at 2,000 feet	from the north-northwest (330°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	2,000 ft	1,338 ft	09:53 UTC
ANW Ainsworth, NE	1149 nm out, 8 nm south of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 1,900 feet	from the northwest (320°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	none	2,588 ft	09:55 UTC
GUR Guernsey, WY	1359 nm out, 13 nm northwest of the line, tower	IFR Sky: overcast at 600 feet	from the east-southeast (120°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	600 ft	4,401 ft	09:55 UTC
SLC Salt Lake City, UT	1699 nm out, 10 nm north of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 2,600 feet Weather: light rain	from the west-northwest (290°) at 4 knots	10+ mi	2,600 ft	4,230 ft	09:54 UTC
TMT Austin, NV	1949 nm out, 12 nm northwest of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 5,500 feet	calm	10+ mi	none	5,735 ft	09:55 UTC
SCK Stockton, CA	2158 nm out, 7 nm south of the line, tower	VFR	calm	10+ mi	none	32 ft	09:55 UTC
SFO San Francisco, CA	destination	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 800 feet	from the northwest (310°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	13 ft	2:56 am PDT (09:56 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 5,735 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

The codes as issued, and in English, for every airport in the table

ALB Albany, NY

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KALB 130951Z 15008KT 10SM OVC029 15/13 A2993 RMK AO2 SLP136 T01500133 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KALB: the station, KALB
130951Z: observed 5:51 am EDT (09:51 UTC)
15008KT: wind from the south-southeast at 8 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
OVC029: overcast at 2,900 feet
15/13: temperature 15 °C (59 °F), dew point 13 °C (55 °F)
A2993: altimeter setting 29.93 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP136: sea-level pressure 1013.6 hPa
T01500133: temperature 15 °C (59 °F), dew point 13.3 °C (56 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KALB 130520Z 1306/1406 VRB03KT P6SM OVC035 TEMPO 1306/1309 OVC030 FM130900 VRB03KT P6SM OVC030 PROB30 1309/1312 4SM -SHRA BR OVC010 FM131200 16008KT P6SM OVC025 PROB30 1316/1319 5SM -SHRA BR OVC015 FM132100 16011KT 5SM -SHRA BR SCT008 OVC015 PROB30 1321/1324 2SM SHRA BR OVC007 FM140300 18006KT P6SM VCSH OVC010

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KALB: the station, KALB
130520Z: issued 1:20 am EDT (05:20 UTC)
1306/1406 VRB03KT P6SM OVC035: valid from Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) to Wed 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 3,500 feet
TEMPO 1306/1309 OVC030: at times from Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) to Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): overcast at 3,000 feet
FM130900 VRB03KT P6SM OVC030: from Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 3,000 feet
PROB30 1309/1312 4SM -SHRA BR OVC010: a 30% chance from Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC) to Tue 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, mist, overcast at 1,000 feet
FM131200 16008KT P6SM OVC025: from Tue 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 2,500 feet
PROB30 1316/1319 5SM -SHRA BR OVC015: a 30% chance from Tue 12:00 pm EDT (16:00 UTC) to Tue 3:00 pm EDT (19:00 UTC): visibility 5 miles, light rain showers, mist, overcast at 1,500 feet
FM132100 16011KT 5SM -SHRA BR SCT008 OVC015: from Tue 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 11 knots, visibility 5 miles, light rain showers, mist, scattered clouds at 800 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
PROB30 1321/1324 2SM SHRA BR OVC007: a 30% chance from Tue 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC) to Tue 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): visibility 2 miles, rain showers, mist, overcast at 700 feet
FM140300 18006KT P6SM VCSH OVC010: from Tue 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the south at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, vcsh, overcast at 1,000 feet

ROC Rochester, NY

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KROC 130954Z 22011KT 10SM FEW100 BKN250 17/15 A2982 RMK AO2 SLP098 T01720150 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KROC: the station, KROC
130954Z: observed 09:54 UTC on the 13th
22011KT: wind from the southwest at 11 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
FEW100: a few clouds at 10,000 feet
BKN250: a broken layer at 25,000 feet
17/15: temperature 17 °C (63 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)
A2982: altimeter setting 29.82 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP098: sea-level pressure 1009.8 hPa
T01720150: temperature 17.2 °C (63 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KROC 130520Z 1306/1406 VRB04KT P6SM SCT250 WS020/26035KT FM130800 VRB03KT P6SM BKN090 WS015/26035KT PROB30 1309/1315 4SM -TSRA OVC050CB FM131600 24014G24KT P6SM BKN060 PROB30 1316/1322 4SM -SHRA OVC035

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KROC: the station, KROC
130520Z: issued 05:20 UTC on the 13th
1306/1406 VRB04KT P6SM SCT250 WS020/26035KT: valid from Tue 06:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet, wind shear below 2,000 feet: wind from 260° at 35 knots above it
FM130800 VRB03KT P6SM BKN090 WS015/26035KT: from Tue 08:00 UTC: wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 9,000 feet, wind shear below 1,500 feet: wind from 260° at 35 knots above it
PROB30 1309/1315 4SM -TSRA OVC050CB: a 30% chance from Tue 09:00 UTC to Tue 15:00 UTC: visibility 4 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, overcast at 5,000 feet (thunderheads)
FM131600 24014G24KT P6SM BKN060: from Tue 16:00 UTC: wind from the west-southwest at 14 knots, gusting to 24, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 6,000 feet
PROB30 1316/1322 4SM -SHRA OVC035: a 30% chance from Tue 16:00 UTC to Tue 22:00 UTC: visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, overcast at 3,500 feet

IAG Niagara Falls, NY

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KIAG 130953Z AUTO 23013KT 10SM FEW023 BKN070 OVC085 19/16 A2983 RMK AO2 RAB23E36 SLP099 P0000 T01890161 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KIAG: the station, KIAG
130953Z: observed 09:53 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
23013KT: wind from the southwest at 13 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
FEW023: a few clouds at 2,300 feet
BKN070: a broken layer at 7,000 feet
OVC085: overcast at 8,500 feet
19/16: temperature 19 °C (66 °F), dew point 16 °C (61 °F)
A2983: altimeter setting 29.83 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
RAB23E36: rain began 23 minutes past the hour, ended 36 minutes past the hour
SLP099: sea-level pressure 1009.9 hPa
P0000: a trace of precipitation in the last hour
T01890161: temperature 18.9 °C (66 °F), dew point 16.1 °C (61 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KIAG 130520Z 1306/1406 22012KT P6SM FEW250 WS020/24040KT FM130900 22010G16KT P6SM BKN070 PROB30 1310/1311 4SM -SHRA OVC025 FM131100 21010G16KT 6SM -SHRA BKN060 PROB30 1312/1314 4SM -SHRA OVC025 FM131400 21011G19KT 4SM SHRA BKN060 FM131500 21013G21KT P6SM BKN060 PROB30 1315/1316 4SM -SHRA OVC025 FM140500 28008KT P6SM BKN090

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KIAG: the station, KIAG
130520Z: issued 05:20 UTC on the 13th
1306/1406 22012KT P6SM FEW250 WS020/24040KT: valid from Tue 06:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet, wind shear below 2,000 feet: wind from 240° at 40 knots above it
FM130900 22010G16KT P6SM BKN070: from Tue 09:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 10 knots, gusting to 16, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 7,000 feet
PROB30 1310/1311 4SM -SHRA OVC025: a 30% chance from Tue 10:00 UTC to Tue 11:00 UTC: visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, overcast at 2,500 feet
FM131100 21010G16KT 6SM -SHRA BKN060: from Tue 11:00 UTC: wind from the south-southwest at 10 knots, gusting to 16, visibility 6 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 6,000 feet
PROB30 1312/1314 4SM -SHRA OVC025: a 30% chance from Tue 12:00 UTC to Tue 14:00 UTC: visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, overcast at 2,500 feet
FM131400 21011G19KT 4SM SHRA BKN060: from Tue 14:00 UTC: wind from the south-southwest at 11 knots, gusting to 19, visibility 4 miles, rain showers, a broken layer at 6,000 feet
FM131500 21013G21KT P6SM BKN060: from Tue 15:00 UTC: wind from the south-southwest at 13 knots, gusting to 21, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 6,000 feet
PROB30 1315/1316 4SM -SHRA OVC025: a 30% chance from Tue 15:00 UTC to Tue 16:00 UTC: visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, overcast at 2,500 feet
FM140500 28008KT P6SM BKN090: from Wed 05:00 UTC: wind from the west at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 9,000 feet

MBS Saginaw, MI

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KMBS 130953Z 00000KT 2SM BR CLR 16/16 A2970 RMK AO2 SLP053 T01610161

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KMBS: the station, KMBS
130953Z: observed 09:53 UTC on the 13th
00000KT: wind calm
2SM: visibility 2 miles
BR: mist
CLR: clear skies
16/16: temperature 16 °C (61 °F), dew point 16 °C (61 °F)
A2970: altimeter setting 29.70 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP053: sea-level pressure 1005.3 hPa
T01610161: temperature 16.1 °C (61 °F), dew point 16.1 °C (61 °F)

TAF KMBS 130813Z 1308/1406 20007KT P6SM OVC070 FM131000 22008KT P6SM SCT040 BKN150 FM131700 27016G30KT P6SM BKN035 FM140000 31006KT P6SM BKN022

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KMBS: the station, KMBS
130813Z: issued 08:13 UTC on the 13th
1308/1406 20007KT P6SM OVC070: valid from Tue 08:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the south-southwest at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 7,000 feet
FM131000 22008KT P6SM SCT040 BKN150: from Tue 10:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet, a broken layer at 15,000 feet
FM131700 27016G30KT P6SM BKN035: from Tue 17:00 UTC: wind from the west at 16 knots, gusting to 30, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 3,500 feet
FM140000 31006KT P6SM BKN022: from Wed 00:00 UTC: wind from the northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 2,200 feet

MSN Madison, WI

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KMSN 130953Z AUTO VRB05KT 10SM CLR 21/16 A2971 RMK AO2 SLP053 T02060161 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KMSN: the station, KMSN
130953Z: observed 09:53 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
VRB05KT: wind light and variable
10SM: visibility 10 miles
CLR: clear skies
21/16: temperature 21 °C (70 °F), dew point 16 °C (61 °F)
A2971: altimeter setting 29.71 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP053: sea-level pressure 1005.3 hPa
T02060161: temperature 20.6 °C (69 °F), dew point 16.1 °C (61 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KMSN 130520Z 1306/1406 23010KT P6SM SKC WS020/25045KT FM130900 30010KT P6SM FEW250 FM140000 00000KT P6SM SCT100

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KMSN: the station, KMSN
130520Z: issued 05:20 UTC on the 13th
1306/1406 23010KT P6SM SKC WS020/25045KT: valid from Tue 06:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies, wind shear below 2,000 feet: wind from 250° at 45 knots above it
FM130900 30010KT P6SM FEW250: from Tue 09:00 UTC: wind from the west-northwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
FM140000 00000KT P6SM SCT100: from Wed 00:00 UTC: wind calm, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet

SPW Spencer, IA

the observation as issued, and in English

METAR KSPW 130953Z AUTO 33006KT 10SM BKN020 09/07 A2989 RMK AO2 SLP120 T00940072

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KSPW: the station, KSPW
130953Z: observed 09:53 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
33006KT: wind from the north-northwest at 6 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
BKN020: a broken layer at 2,000 feet
09/07: temperature 9 °C (48 °F), dew point 7 °C (45 °F)
A2989: altimeter setting 29.89 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP120: sea-level pressure 1012.0 hPa
T00940072: temperature 9.4 °C (49 °F), dew point 7.2 °C (45 °F)

ANW Ainsworth, NE

the observation as issued, and in English

METAR KANW 130955Z AUTO 32003KT 10SM SCT019 05/04 A2998 RMK AO2 T00510039

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KANW: the station, KANW
130955Z: observed 09:55 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
32003KT: wind from the northwest at 3 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
SCT019: scattered clouds at 1,900 feet
05/04: temperature 5 °C (41 °F), dew point 4 °C (39 °F)
A2998: altimeter setting 29.98 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
T00510039: temperature 5.1 °C (41 °F), dew point 3.9 °C (39 °F)

GUR Guernsey, WY

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KGUR 130955Z AUTO 12006KT 10SM OVC006 08/07 A2995 RMK AO2 SLP137 T00790067

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KGUR: the station, KGUR
130955Z: observed 09:55 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
12006KT: wind from the east-southeast at 6 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
OVC006: overcast at 600 feet
08/07: temperature 8 °C (46 °F), dew point 7 °C (45 °F)
A2995: altimeter setting 29.95 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP137: sea-level pressure 1013.7 hPa
T00790067: temperature 7.9 °C (46 °F), dew point 6.7 °C (44 °F)

TAF KGUR 130500Z 1305/1411 07005KT 9999 SCT070 BKN100 QNH2993INS BECMG 1311/1312 13006KT 9000 BR OVC005 QNH2996INS BECMG 1314/1315 13006KT 9999 NSW SCT020 BKN050 QNH2998INS BECMG 1401/1402 VRB06KT 9999 -RA BKN040 OVC055 QNH3002INS TX16/1323Z TN06/1313Z

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KGUR: the station, KGUR
130500Z: issued 05:00 UTC on the 13th
1305/1411 07005KT 9999 SCT070 BKN100 QNH2993INS: valid from Tue 05:00 UTC to Wed 11:00 UTC: wind from the east-northeast at 5 knots, 9999, scattered clouds at 7,000 feet, a broken layer at 10,000 feet, lowest altimeter setting expected 29.93 inches
BECMG 1311/1312 13006KT 9000 BR OVC005 QNH2996INS: becoming from Tue 11:00 UTC to Tue 12:00 UTC: wind from the southeast at 6 knots, 9000, mist, overcast at 500 feet, lowest altimeter setting expected 29.96 inches
BECMG 1314/1315 13006KT 9999 NSW SCT020 BKN050 QNH2998INS: becoming from Tue 14:00 UTC to Tue 15:00 UTC: wind from the southeast at 6 knots, 9999, no significant weather, scattered clouds at 2,000 feet, a broken layer at 5,000 feet, lowest altimeter setting expected 29.98 inches
BECMG 1401/1402 VRB06KT 9999 -RA BKN040 OVC055 QNH3002INS TX16/1323Z TN06/1313Z: becoming from Wed 01:00 UTC to Wed 02:00 UTC: wind light and variable, 9999, light rain, a broken layer at 4,000 feet, overcast at 5,500 feet, lowest altimeter setting expected 30.02 inches, tx16/1323z, tn06/1313z

SLC Salt Lake City, UT

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KSLC 130954Z 29004KT 10SM -RA OVC026 09/07 A2986 RMK AO2 SLP093 P0000 T00890067 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KSLC: the station, KSLC
130954Z: observed 09:54 UTC on the 13th
29004KT: wind from the west-northwest at 4 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
-RA: light rain
OVC026: overcast at 2,600 feet
09/07: temperature 9 °C (48 °F), dew point 7 °C (45 °F)
A2986: altimeter setting 29.86 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP093: sea-level pressure 1009.3 hPa
P0000: a trace of precipitation in the last hour
T00890067: temperature 8.9 °C (48 °F), dew point 6.7 °C (44 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KSLC 130902Z 1309/1412 34005KT P6SM -SHRA FEW015 BKN035 OVC050 FM131000 15005KT P6SM -SHRA SCT007 BKN020 OVC030 FM131600 31008KT P6SM -SHRA BKN020 OVC035 FM132100 34009KT P6SM -SHRA FEW030 OVC040

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KSLC: the station, KSLC
130902Z: issued 09:02 UTC on the 13th
1309/1412 34005KT P6SM -SHRA FEW015 BKN035 OVC050: valid from Tue 09:00 UTC to Wed 12:00 UTC: wind from the north-northwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, light rain showers, a few clouds at 1,500 feet, a broken layer at 3,500 feet, overcast at 5,000 feet
FM131000 15005KT P6SM -SHRA SCT007 BKN020 OVC030: from Tue 10:00 UTC: wind from the south-southeast at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, light rain showers, scattered clouds at 700 feet, a broken layer at 2,000 feet, overcast at 3,000 feet
FM131600 31008KT P6SM -SHRA BKN020 OVC035: from Tue 16:00 UTC: wind from the northwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 2,000 feet, overcast at 3,500 feet
FM132100 34009KT P6SM -SHRA FEW030 OVC040: from Tue 21:00 UTC: wind from the north-northwest at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, light rain showers, a few clouds at 3,000 feet, overcast at 4,000 feet

TMT Austin, NV

the observation as issued, and in English

METAR KTMT 130955Z AUTO 00000KT 10SM SCT055 M02/M03 A3003 RMK AO2 T10211028

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KTMT: the station, KTMT
130955Z: observed 09:55 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
00000KT: wind calm
10SM: visibility 10 miles
SCT055: scattered clouds at 5,500 feet
M02/M03: temperature -2 °C (28 °F), dew point -3 °C (27 °F)
A3003: altimeter setting 30.03 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
T10211028: temperature -2.1 °C (28 °F), dew point -2.8 °C (27 °F)

SCK Stockton, CA

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KSCK 130955Z AUTO 00000KT 10SM CLR 09/08 A2998 RMK AO2 SLP150 T00940083 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KSCK: the station, KSCK
130955Z: observed 09:55 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
00000KT: wind calm
10SM: visibility 10 miles
CLR: clear skies
09/08: temperature 9 °C (48 °F), dew point 8 °C (46 °F)
A2998: altimeter setting 29.98 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP150: sea-level pressure 1015.0 hPa
T00940083: temperature 9.4 °C (49 °F), dew point 8.3 °C (47 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KSCK 130520Z 1306/1406 30007KT P6SM SKC FM131900 32012KT P6SM SKC FM140200 31006KT P6SM SKC

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KSCK: the station, KSCK
130520Z: issued 05:20 UTC on the 13th
1306/1406 30007KT P6SM SKC: valid from Tue 06:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the west-northwest at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
FM131900 32012KT P6SM SKC: from Tue 19:00 UTC: wind from the northwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
FM140200 31006KT P6SM SKC: from Wed 02:00 UTC: wind from the northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies

SFO San Francisco, CA

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KSFO 130956Z 31005KT 10SM FEW008 13/11 A3001 RMK AO2 SLP160 T01330111 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KSFO: the station, KSFO
130956Z: observed 2:56 am PDT (09:56 UTC)
31005KT: wind from the northwest at 5 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
FEW008: a few clouds at 800 feet
13/11: temperature 13 °C (55 °F), dew point 11 °C (52 °F)
A3001: altimeter setting 30.01 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP160: sea-level pressure 1016.0 hPa
T01330111: temperature 13.3 °C (56 °F), dew point 11.1 °C (52 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KSFO 130831Z 1309/1412 23005KT P6SM FEW009 FM132000 32011KT P6SM SKC FM140400 28006KT P6SM SKC

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KSFO: the station, KSFO
130831Z: issued 1:31 am PDT (08:31 UTC)
1309/1412 23005KT P6SM FEW009: valid from Tue 2:00 am PDT (09:00 UTC) to Wed 5:00 am PDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 900 feet
FM132000 32011KT P6SM SKC: from Tue 1:00 pm PDT (20:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
FM140400 28006KT P6SM SKC: from Tue 9:00 pm PDT (04:00 UTC): wind from the west at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies

At SFO when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 11:26 pm PDT (06:26 UTC)

Wind from the west at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies VFR

The whole forecast for SFO

From Tue 2:00 am PDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 900 feet
From Tue 1:00 pm PDT (20:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Tue 9:00 pm PDT (04:00 UTC): wind from the west at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies

The forecast for ALB, the departure

From Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 3,500 feet
At times between Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) and 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): overcast at 3,000 feet
From Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 3,000 feet
30% chance between Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC) and 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, mist, overcast at 1,000 feet
From Tue 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 2,500 feet
30% chance between Tue 12:00 pm EDT (16:00 UTC) and 3:00 pm EDT (19:00 UTC): visibility 5 miles, light rain showers, mist, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Tue 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 11 knots, visibility 5 miles, light rain showers, mist, scattered clouds at 800 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
30% chance between Tue 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC) and 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): visibility 2 miles, rain showers, mist, overcast at 700 feet
From Tue 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the south at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, showers nearby, overcast at 1,000 feet

SFO:

the forecast as issued, and in English

TAF KSFO 130831Z 1309/1412 23005KT P6SM FEW009 FM132000 32011KT P6SM SKC FM140400 28006KT P6SM SKC

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KSFO: the station, KSFO
130831Z: issued 1:31 am PDT (08:31 UTC)
1309/1412 23005KT P6SM FEW009: valid from Tue 2:00 am PDT (09:00 UTC) to Wed 5:00 am PDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 900 feet
FM132000 32011KT P6SM SKC: from Tue 1:00 pm PDT (20:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
FM140400 28006KT P6SM SKC: from Tue 9:00 pm PDT (04:00 UTC): wind from the west at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies

ALB:

the forecast as issued, and in English

TAF KALB 130520Z 1306/1406 VRB03KT P6SM OVC035 TEMPO 1306/1309 OVC030 FM130900 VRB03KT P6SM OVC030 PROB30 1309/1312 4SM -SHRA BR OVC010 FM131200 16008KT P6SM OVC025 PROB30 1316/1319 5SM -SHRA BR OVC015 FM132100 16011KT 5SM -SHRA BR SCT008 OVC015 PROB30 1321/1324 2SM SHRA BR OVC007 FM140300 18006KT P6SM VCSH OVC010

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KALB: the station, KALB
130520Z: issued 1:20 am EDT (05:20 UTC)
1306/1406 VRB03KT P6SM OVC035: valid from Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) to Wed 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 3,500 feet
TEMPO 1306/1309 OVC030: at times from Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) to Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): overcast at 3,000 feet
FM130900 VRB03KT P6SM OVC030: from Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 3,000 feet
PROB30 1309/1312 4SM -SHRA BR OVC010: a 30% chance from Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC) to Tue 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, mist, overcast at 1,000 feet
FM131200 16008KT P6SM OVC025: from Tue 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 2,500 feet
PROB30 1316/1319 5SM -SHRA BR OVC015: a 30% chance from Tue 12:00 pm EDT (16:00 UTC) to Tue 3:00 pm EDT (19:00 UTC): visibility 5 miles, light rain showers, mist, overcast at 1,500 feet
FM132100 16011KT 5SM -SHRA BR SCT008 OVC015: from Tue 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 11 knots, visibility 5 miles, light rain showers, mist, scattered clouds at 800 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
PROB30 1321/1324 2SM SHRA BR OVC007: a 30% chance from Tue 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC) to Tue 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): visibility 2 miles, rain showers, mist, overcast at 700 feet
FM140300 18006KT P6SM VCSH OVC010: from Tue 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the south at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, vcsh, overcast at 1,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

No temporary flight restriction on or near this route right now.

Notices to air missions closures and things out of service at both ends; airspace, navigation aids and obstructions near the line

ALB: 19 notices in force, 4 starting within a week. all of them, grouped →

closed Apron north maintenance Ramp south Access closed work in progress construction Thursdays Fridays Mondays Tuesdays Wednesdays 9:00 am EDT to 3:00 pm EDT until Fri 30 Oct, 3:00 pm EDT (19:00 UTC) · Thursdays Fridays Mondays Tuesdays Wednesdays · ALB 09/104
as issued
```
!ALB 09/104 ALB APRON NORTH MAINT RAMP SOUTH ACCESS CLSD WIP CONST THU FRI MON TUE WED 1300-1900 2609241300-2610301900
```

SFO: 125 notices in force, 1 starting within a week. all of them, grouped →

closed Taxiway A between taxiway Q1 and taxiway K closed until Tue 13 Oct, 5:00 am PDT (12:00 UTC) · SFO 10/119
as issued
```
!SFO 10/119 SFO TWY A BTN TWY Q1 AND TWY K CLSD 2610131000-2610131200
```
closed Taxiway L between runway 10L/28R and runway 10R/28L closed until Tue 13 Oct, 8:00 am PDT (15:00 UTC) · SFO 10/117
as issued
```
!SFO 10/117 SFO TWY L BTN RWY 10L/28R AND RWY 10R/28L CLSD 2610130700-2610131500
```
closed Taxiway F between taxiway B and taxiway L closed until Thu 19 Nov, 11:59 pm PST (07:59 UTC) · SFO 09/287
as issued
```
!SFO 09/287 SFO TWY F BTN TWY B AND TWY L CLSD 2609260720-2611200759
```
closed Taxiway L between runway 10R/28L and taxiway F closed until Thu 19 Nov, 11:59 pm PST (07:59 UTC) · SFO 09/276
as issued
```
!SFO 09/276 SFO TWY L BTN RWY 10R/28L AND TWY F CLSD 2609251059-2611200759
```

Airports along the way: SLC runway 14/32 closed

207 notices near the line, the first 30 (airspace and special activity within 25 nm, navigation aids within 25 nm, obstructions within 5 nm):

Navigation aid VOR/DME out of service until Fri 30 Oct, 4:00 pm EDT (20:00 UTC) · 0 nm along the route, 25 nm off the line · CAM 08/114
as issued
```
!BTV 08/114 CAM NAV VOR/DME U/S 2608181204-2610302000
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1055164) 42°52′N 74°00′W (3.5 nautical miles WNW SCH) 819.9FT (104.0FT above ground level) out of service until Fri 29 Jan, 8:53 am EST (13:53 UTC) · 10 nm along the route, 6 nm off the line · SCH 10/001
as issued
```
!SCH 10/001 SCH OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1055164) 425213.00N0740023.30W (3.5NM WNW SCH) 819.9FT (104.0FT AGL) U/S 2610011353-2701291353
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 04 outer marker out of service until Tue 17 Nov, 6:59 pm EST (23:59 UTC), estimated · 10 nm along the route, 6 nm off the line · SCH 09/027
as issued
```
!SCH 09/027 SCH NAV ILS RWY 04 OM U/S 2609241725-2611172359EST
```
Navigation aid JJH NDB beacon out of service until Tue 24 Nov, 4:11 pm EST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 30 nm along the route, 12 nm off the line · NY0 05/161
as issued
```
!BTV 05/161 NY0 NAV JJH NDB U/S 2605211250-2611242111EST
```
Navigation aid TACAN out of service until Sat 31 Oct, 7:59 pm EDT (23:59 UTC) · 60 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · UCA 09/260
as issued
```
!BUF 09/260 UCA NAV TACAN U/S 2609281233-2610312359
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1056583) 42°52′N 75°13′W (8.4 nautical miles SSW 6B4) 1785.8FT (234.9FT above ground level) out of service until Mon 19 Oct, 12:00 am EDT (04:00 UTC) · 60 nm along the route, 3 nm off the line · 6B4 07/153
as issued
```
!BUF 07/153 6B4 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1056583) 425257.80N0751318.70W (8.4NM SSW 6B4) 1785.8FT (234.9FT AGL) U/S 2607201221-2610190400
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASN 2024-WTE-6227-OE) 42°54′N 75°27′W (6.1 nautical miles northeast VGC) 2,024 ft (348 ft above ground level) out of service until Thu 19 Nov, 4:38 pm EST (21:38 UTC), estimated · 70 nm along the route, 4 nm off the line · VGC 10/032
as issued
```
!BUF 10/032 VGC OBST TOWER LGT (ASN 2024-WTE-6227-OE) 425416N0752706W (6.1NM NE VGC) 2024FT (348FT AGL) U/S 2610051541-2611192138EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASN 2024-WTE-6227-OE) 42°54′N 75°27′W (6.1 nautical miles northeast VGC) 2,024 ft (348 ft above ground level) out of service until Tue 17 Nov, 1:14 am EST (06:14 UTC) · 70 nm along the route, 4 nm off the line · VGC 10/017
as issued
```
!BUF 10/017 VGC OBST TOWER LGT (ASN 2024-WTE-6227-OE) 425416N0752707W (6.1NM NE VGC) 2024FT (348FT AGL) U/S 2610030739-2611170614
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 28 glide path out of service until Wed 28 Oct, 7:59 pm EDT (23:59 UTC) · 100 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · SYR 10/037
as issued
```
!SYR 10/037 SYR NAV ILS RWY 28 GP U/S 2610071845-2610282359
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 28 inner marker out of service until Fri 18 Dec, 6:55 pm EST (23:55 UTC), estimated · 100 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · SYR 09/033
as issued
```
!SYR 09/033 SYR NAV ILS RWY 28 IM U/S 2609081850-2612182355EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1028677) 43°05′N 76°11′W (3.8 nautical miles WSW SYR) 673.9FT (260.2FT above ground level) out of service until Fri 20 Nov, 4:39 am EST (09:39 UTC) · 110 nm along the route, 7 nm off the line · SYR 10/031
as issued
```
!SYR 10/031 SYR OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1028677) 430532.00N0761121.00W (3.8NM WSW SYR) 673.9FT (260.2FT AGL) U/S 2610060940-2611200939
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1028678) 43°05′N 76°11′W (3.7 nautical miles WSW SYR) 674.9FT (258.9FT above ground level) out of service until Fri 20 Nov, 4:39 am EST (09:39 UTC) · 110 nm along the route, 7 nm off the line · SYR 10/029
as issued
```
!SYR 10/029 SYR OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1028678) 430533.00N0761110.00W (3.7NM WSW SYR) 674.9FT (258.9FT AGL) U/S 2610060940-2611200939
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1028675) 43°05′N 76°11′W (3.8 nautical miles WSW SYR) 668.0FT (256.9FT above ground level) out of service until Fri 20 Nov, 4:40 am EST (09:40 UTC) · 110 nm along the route, 7 nm off the line · SYR 10/032
as issued
```
!SYR 10/032 SYR OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1028675) 430535.00N0761122.00W (3.8NM WSW SYR) 668.0FT (256.9FT AGL) U/S 2610060940-2611200940
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1028676) 43°05′N 76°11′W (3.7 nautical miles WSW SYR) 670.9FT (257.9FT above ground level) out of service until Fri 20 Nov, 4:40 am EST (09:40 UTC) · 110 nm along the route, 7 nm off the line · SYR 10/030
as issued
```
!SYR 10/030 SYR OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1028676) 430537.00N0761112.00W (3.7NM WSW SYR) 670.9FT (257.9FT AGL) U/S 2610060940-2611200940
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1322059) 43°11′N 76°39′W (8.7 nautical miles northwest B16) 750 ft (172 ft above ground level) out of service until Sun 22 Nov, 6:46 am EST (11:46 UTC) · 120 nm along the route, 4 nm off the line · B16 10/057
as issued
```
!BUF 10/057 B16 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1322059) 431143.90N0763938.00W (8.7NM NW B16) 750FT (172FT AGL) U/S 2610081146-2611221146
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1006165) 42°55′N 76°51′W (4.3 nautical miles northwest 0G7) 804.1FT (325.1FT above ground level) out of service until Sat 2 Jan, 1:25 pm EST (18:25 UTC) · 130 nm along the route, 9 nm off the line · 0G7 10/022
as issued
```
!BUF 10/022 0G7 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1006165) 425551.00N0765124.80W (4.3NM NW 0G7) 804.1FT (325.1FT AGL) U/S 2610041725-2701021825
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1003600) 43°00′N 76°54′W (9.6 nautical miles northwest 0G7) 780.8FT (254.9FT above ground level) out of service until Mon 30 Nov, 4:15 pm EST (21:15 UTC) · 140 nm along the route, 4 nm off the line · 0G7 09/016
as issued
```
!BUF 09/016 0G7 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1003600) 430047.00N0765433.00W (9.6NM NW 0G7) 780.8FT (254.9FT AGL) U/S 2609012015-2611302115
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1004279) 43°09′N 76°52′W (11.3 nautical miles ESE SDC) 760.8FT (238.8FT above ground level) out of service until Thu 19 Nov, 10:55 am EST (15:55 UTC) · 140 nm along the route, 7 nm off the line · SDC 07/183
as issued
```
!BUF 07/183 SDC OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1004279) 430953.50N0765232.70W (11.3NM ESE SDC) 760.8FT (238.8FT AGL) U/S 2607221555-2611191555
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1055024) 43°10′N 77°28′W (9.2 nautical miles east ROC) 1,006 ft (466 ft above ground level) out of service until Thu 19 Nov, 5:13 pm EST (22:13 UTC), estimated · 160 nm along the route, 5 nm off the line · ROC 10/020
as issued
```
!ROC 10/020 ROC OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1055024) 431037.00N0772838.00W (9.2NM E ROC) 1006FT (466FT AGL) U/S 2610051617-2611192213EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1055024) 43°10′N 77°28′W (9.2 nautical miles ENE ROC) 1005.9FT (465.9FT above ground level) out of service until Sat 7 Nov, 6:59 pm EST (23:59 UTC) · 160 nm along the route, 5 nm off the line · ROC 09/124
as issued
```
!ROC 09/124 ROC OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1055024) 431037.00N0772838.00W (9.2NM ENE ROC) 1005.9FT (465.9FT AGL) U/S 2609231337-2611072359
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1060863) 43°02′N 77°25′W (8.6 nautical miles NNW IUA) 1126.0FT (215.9FT above ground level) out of service until Fri 6 Nov, 12:10 pm EST (17:10 UTC) · 160 nm along the route, 4 nm off the line · IUA 08/065
as issued
```
!BUF 08/065 IUA OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1060863) 430202.20N0772516.30W (8.6NM NNW IUA) 1126.0FT (215.9FT AGL) U/S 2608081610-2611061710
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 04 glide path out of service until Thu 15 Oct, 4:00 pm EDT (20:00 UTC), estimated · 170 nm along the route, 2 nm off the line · ROC 10/045
as issued
```
!ROC 10/045 ROC NAV ILS RWY 04 GP U/S 2610082009-2610152000EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1011757) 43°08′N 77°35′W (4.0 nautical miles ENE ROC) 1030.8FT (357.9FT above ground level) out of service until Sun 15 Nov, 11:00 am EST (16:00 UTC) · 170 nm along the route, 2 nm off the line · ROC 10/044
as issued
```
!ROC 10/044 ROC OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1011757) 430807.00N0773502.00W (4.0NM ENE ROC) 1030.8FT (357.9FT AGL) U/S 2610081917-2611151600
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1002817) 43°05′N 77°36′W (3.1 nautical miles southeast ROC) 824 ft (284 ft above ground level) out of service until Thu 19 Nov, 3:28 pm EST (20:28 UTC), estimated · 170 nm along the route, 2 nm off the line · ROC 10/019
as issued
```
!ROC 10/019 ROC OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1002817) 430538.20N0773637.10W (3.1NM SE ROC) 824FT (284FT AGL) U/S 2610051428-2611192028EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR Unknown) 42°58′N 77°13′W (5.9 nautical miles ENE IUA) 765 ft (196 ft above ground level) out of service until Tue 27 Oct, 7:59 pm EDT (23:59 UTC) · 170 nm along the route, 2 nm off the line · ROC 07/246
as issued
```
!ROC 07/246 ROC OBST TOWER LGT (ASR UNKNOWN) 425830.06N0771307.00W (5.9NM ENE IUA) 765FT (196FT AGL) U/S 2607291032-2610272359
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1002827) 43°11′N 77°59′W (3.6 nautical miles WNW 7G0) 878.9FT (265.1FT above ground level) out of service until Sun 8 Nov, 6:00 pm EST (23:00 UTC) · 190 nm along the route, 5 nm off the line · 7G0 10/052
as issued
```
!BUF 10/052 7G0 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1002827) 431147.20N0775945.00W (3.6NM WNW 7G0) 878.9FT (265.1FT AGL) U/S 2610080201-2611082300
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 28 out of service until Wed 14 Oct, 5:00 pm EDT (21:00 UTC) · 190 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · GVQ 10/012
as issued
```
!GVQ 10/012 GVQ NAV ILS RWY 28 U/S 2610071416-2610142100
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 28 outer marker out of service until Wed 20 Jan, 3:00 pm EST (20:00 UTC), estimated · 190 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · GVQ 05/010
as issued
```
!GVQ 05/010 GVQ NAV ILS RWY 28 OM U/S 2605271147-2701202000EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1063560) 43°02′N 78°18′W (5.9 nautical miles west GVQ) 1135.2FT (261.2FT above ground level) out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 5:32 am EST (10:32 UTC) · 200 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · GVQ 10/005
as issued
```
!GVQ 10/005 GVQ OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1063560) 430232.60N0781817.50W (5.9NM W GVQ) 1135.2FT (261.2FT AGL) U/S 2610020932-2612311032
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 23 outer marker out of service until Mon 2 Nov, 3:00 pm EST (20:00 UTC), estimated · 220 nm along the route, 16 nm off the line · BUF 05/177
as issued
```
!BUF 05/177 BUF NAV ILS RWY 23 OM U/S 2605251330-2611022000EST
```

From the FAA's notice service (NOTAMs), the site's copy refreshed every few minutes; last checked a minute ago. The FAA has so far issued eFlight its test feed, which misses some notices (checked against the FAA's own search on 12 October: about a third missing at Santa Barbara and Burbank, none at Atlanta or Las Vegas); the request for the full feed is with the FAA. Times are local to the field. This is for planning; the legal briefing comes from Flight Service or the FAA's own tools.

Daylight

Sunset at ALB 6:16 pm EDT (22:16 UTC), at SFO 6:33 pm PDT (01:33 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:00 pm PDT (02:00 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at SFO is before sunrise there (7:16 am PDT (14:16 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times.

The wind over the route live wind map, from Windy.com · drag the time bar for the coming hours; the level menu changes the height

Colours show wind speed, the moving lines its direction, at the surface unless you pick a height. Map and forecast by Windy.com; a second opinion beside the government's winds-aloft table above.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads · the turbulence and icing forecasts: turbulence ↗ · icing ↗

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Aviation forecast, clouds and visibility, the Northeast, 9 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · cloud cover and bases, visibility, and the areas of low cloud or poor visibility

Aviation forecast, surface weather, the Northeast, 9 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · surface winds, weather, thunderstorms, and the AIRMET boxes for turbulence, icing and strong winds

Aviation forecast, clouds and visibility, the north-central states, 9 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · cloud cover and bases, visibility, and the areas of low cloud or poor visibility

Aviation forecast, surface weather, the north-central states, 9 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · surface winds, weather, thunderstorms, and the AIRMET boxes for turbulence, icing and strong winds

Aviation forecast, clouds and visibility, the Northwest, 9 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · cloud cover and bases, visibility, and the areas of low cloud or poor visibility

Aviation forecast, surface weather, the Northwest, 9 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · surface winds, weather, thunderstorms, and the AIRMET boxes for turbulence, icing and strong winds

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Albany International, San Francisco International.