Plan a flight · Sun 8:54 pm EDT (00:54 UTC)

Willow Run Airport to Joe Foss Field YIP → FSD

586 nautical miles (674 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 282°, about 288° magnetic at the departure end (variation 6W). At 120 knots that is 5 h 23 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 11-knot headwind), arriving about 1:17 am CDT (06:17 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now YIP is marginal VFR, wind calm; FSD is VFR, wind from the west-northwest (290°) at 7 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 2 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the first 20 nm of the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from YIP.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

A320 at 33,000 ft, 12 nm south, 8:36 pm EDT (00:36 UTC): moderate turbulence above 33,000 ft, remarks: zob. 70 nm along the route, 12 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JXN UA /OV JXN280030/TM 0036/FL330/TP A320/TB OCNL MOD 330/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through JXN
Where
30 nm west (280°) of JXN
Time
00:36 UTC
Height
at 33,000 ft
Aircraft
A320
Turbulence
occasional moderate at 33,000 ft
Remarks
zob
C550 at 2,300 ft, 26 nm north, 8:46 pm EDT (00:46 UTC): remarks: fis 4 mile final. At the departure end, 26 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PTK UA /OV 4W/TM 0046/FL023/TP C550/RM FIS 4 MILE FINAL
```
Report
a routine report filed through PTK
Where
4W
Time
00:46 UTC
Height
at 2,300 ft
Aircraft
C550
Remarks
fis 4 mile final
A21N descending, 8 nm east, 8:22 pm EDT (00:22 UTC): overcast above 1,500 ft. At the departure end, 8 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV DTW/TM 0022/FLDURD/TP A21N/SK OVC015
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
over DTW
Time
00:22 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
A21N
Sky
overcast from 1,500 ft
A320 climbing, 41 nm south, 8:14 pm EDT (00:14 UTC): overcast. At the departure end, 41 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
TOL UA /OV TOL/TM 0014/FLDURC/TP A320/SK B025 OVC T040
```
Report
a routine report filed through TOL
Where
over TOL
Time
00:14 UTC
Height
during the climb
Aircraft
A320
Sky
B025 overcast T040
CRJ9 descending, 8 nm east, 8:08 pm EDT (00:08 UTC): overcast above 1,100 ft, remarks: final runway 4L. At the departure end, 8 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV DTW/TM 0008/FLDURD/TP CRJ9/SK OVC 011/RM FINAL RY 4L
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
over DTW
Time
00:08 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
CRJ9
Sky
overcast from 1,100 ft
Remarks
final runway 4L
GLF5 at 9,000 ft, 26 nm north, 7:13 pm EDT (23:13 UTC): overcast from 1,500 ft to 4,000 ft. At the departure end, 26 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PTK UA /OV PTK 7E/TM 2313/FL090/TP GLF5/SK OVC015-TOP040
```
Report
a routine report filed through PTK
Where
ptk 7E
Time
23:13 UTC
Height
at 9,000 ft
Aircraft
GLF5
Sky
overcast from 1,500 ft, tops 4,000 ft
PA32 at 1,500 ft, 26 nm north, 7:03 pm EDT (23:03 UTC): overcast above 1,500 ft. At the departure end, 26 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PTK UA /OV PTK 1W/TM 2303/FL015/TP PA32/SK OVC015
```
Report
a routine report filed through PTK
Where
ptk 1W
Time
23:03 UTC
Height
at 1,500 ft
Aircraft
PA32
Sky
overcast from 1,500 ft
E75S descending, 8 nm east, 7:01 pm EDT (23:01 UTC): a routine report with nothing remarked on. At the departure end, 8 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV RWY 3R/TM 2301/FLDURD/TP E75S/SK TOPS 020 BASES 010
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
runway 3R
Time
23:01 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
E75S
Sky
tops 2,000 ft bases 1,000 ft
A320 descending, 41 nm south, 7:00 pm EDT (23:00 UTC): overcast from 1,600 ft to 3,500 ft, wind 350° at 9 knots. At the departure end, 41 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
TOL UA /OV TOL/TM 2300/FLDURD/TP A320/SK OVC016 TOP035/WV 35009KTS AT 023
```
Report
a routine report filed through TOL
Where
over TOL
Time
23:00 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
A320
Sky
overcast from 1,600 ft, tops 3,500 ft
Wind
wind from 350° at 9 knots at at 2,300 ft
E55P descending, 0 nm northwest, 7:00 pm EDT (23:00 UTC): a routine report with nothing remarked on. At the departure end, 0 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
YIP UA /OV KYIP/TM 2300/FLDURD/TP E55P/SK B015
```
Report
a routine report filed through YIP
Where
over KYIP
Time
23:00 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
E55P
Sky
B015
B712 at 300 ft, 8 nm east, 6:21 pm EDT (22:21 UTC): overcast, remarks: tops 4,000 ft bases 300 ft. At the departure end, 8 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV DTW/TM 2221/FL003/TP B712/SK OVC/RM TOPS 040 BASES 003
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
over DTW
Time
22:21 UTC
Height
at 300 ft
Aircraft
B712
Sky
overcast
Remarks
tops 4,000 ft bases 300 ft
H25B at 1,500 ft, 26 nm north, 6:20 pm EDT (22:20 UTC): overcast above 1,700 ft. At the departure end, 26 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PTK UA /OV PTK270001/TM 2220/FL015/TP H25B/SK OVC017-TOPUNKN
```
Report
a routine report filed through PTK
Where
1 nm west (270°) of PTK
Time
22:20 UTC
Height
at 1,500 ft
Aircraft
H25B
Sky
overcast from 1,700 ft, tops unknown
BE36 at 3,000 ft, 10 nm north, 6:20 pm EDT (22:20 UTC): no turbulence, imc. At the departure end, 10 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV SVM/TM 2220/FL030/TP BE36/SK IMC/TB SMOOTH
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
over SVM
Time
22:20 UTC
Height
at 3,000 ft
Aircraft
BE36
Sky
instrument conditions
Turbulence
smooth
CRJ2 descending, 41 nm north, 6:30 pm EDT (22:30 UTC): overcast from 1,900 ft to 2,900 ft. At the departure end, 41 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FNT UA /OV FNT/TM 2230/FLDURD/TP CRJ2/SK OVC019 - TOP029
```
Report
a routine report filed through FNT
Where
over FNT
Time
22:30 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
CRJ2
Sky
overcast from 1,900 ft, tops 2,900 ft

7 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 20:00–03:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 7 forecast points nearest it (FWA, MKG, JOT, DBQ, LSE, MCW, FSD). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
4,500 ft	240° at 15 kt	+11 kt		109 kt	5 h 23 min	1:17 am CDT (06:17 UTC)
6,500 ft	260° at 16 kt	+15 kt	15 °C	105 kt	5 h 35 min	1:29 am CDT (06:29 UTC)
8,500 ft	270° at 16 kt	+17 kt	11 °C	103 kt	5 h 41 min	1:35 am CDT (06:35 UTC)
10,500 ft	280° at 15 kt	+15 kt	8 °C	105 kt	5 h 35 min	1:29 am CDT (06:29 UTC)
12,500 ft	290° at 14 kt	+14 kt	4 °C	106 kt	5 h 32 min	1:26 am CDT (06:26 UTC)
14,500 ft	290° at 15 kt	+15 kt	-1 °C	105 kt	5 h 35 min	1:29 am CDT (06:29 UTC)
16,500 ft	290° at 17 kt	+17 kt	-6 °C	103 kt	5 h 41 min	1:35 am CDT (06:35 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	290° at 18 kt	+18 kt	-9 °C	102 kt	5 h 45 min	1:39 am CDT (06:39 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	300° at 26 kt	+25 kt	-20 °C	95 kt	6 h 10 min	2:04 am CDT (07:04 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	310° at 38 kt	+34 kt	-36 °C	86 kt	6 h 49 min	2:43 am CDT (07:43 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	310° at 44 kt	+40 kt	-45 °C	80 kt	7 h 20 min	3:14 am CDT (08:14 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	290° at 62 kt	+60 kt	-51 °C	60 kt	9 h 46 min	5:40 am CDT (10:40 UTC)

Based on data from the 11th at 18:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 00:00 UTC for use 20:00 to 03:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
FWA	used from 0 nm out; 95 nm from the line	350/9	350/24 15°	360/25 9°	360/29 4°	350/31 -10°	340/39 -22°	330/40 -37°	320/38 -43°	320/48 -48°
MKG	used from 50 nm out; 62 nm from the line	250/5	320/10 15°	310/19 9°	320/21 3°	310/23 -10°	330/37 -22°	330/51 -38°	320/44 -47°	300/60 -49°
JOT	used from 199 nm out; 86 nm from the line	230/11	290/12 16°	300/19 10°	320/19 4°	300/17 -9°	330/31 -20°	320/49 -37°	320/53 -45°	320/67 -49°
DBQ	used from 248 nm out; 62 nm from the line	220/23	240/22 16°	240/24 10°	260/18 5°	270/16 -8°	290/27 -19°	310/42 -35°	320/55 -44°	300/71 -52°
LSE	used from 348 nm out; 45 nm from the line	220/33	250/29 17°	250/15 9°	260/12 6°	280/21 -9°	280/33 -20°	300/43 -36°	310/56 -45°	300/79 -53°
MCW	used from 397 nm out; 19 nm from the line	200/35	240/33 18°	250/20 10°	260/10 6°	270/18 -8°	260/28 -19°	280/30 -34°	290/49 -43°	280/70 -54°
FSD	used from 496 nm out; 65 nm from the line	200/16	220/20 17°	240/26 13°	230/19 6°	240/25 -9°	240/28 -20°	250/39 -33°	250/44 -43°	260/63 -52°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
YIP Detroit, MI	departure	marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 2,200 feet	calm	10+ mi	2,200 ft	715 ft	7:53 pm EDT (23:53 UTC)
JXN Jackson, MI	40 nm out, 8 nm south of the line, tower	IFR Sky: overcast at 900 feet	calm	10+ mi	900 ft	1,000 ft	00:32 UTC
BTL Battle Creek, MI	79 nm out, 12 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 2,300 feet	from the east-southeast (120°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	none	951 ft	23:53 UTC
BIV Holland, MI	119 nm out, 7 nm north of the line	VFR	calm	10+ mi	none	697 ft	23:53 UTC
MKE Milwaukee, WI	199 nm out, 5 nm north of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 25,000 feet	from the south-southeast (150°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	728 ft	23:52 UTC
MSN Madison, WI	258 nm out, 8 nm north of the line, tower	VFR	from the south (180°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	886 ft	23:53 UTC
OVS Boscobel, WI	318 nm out, 2 nm west of the line	VFR	calm	10+ mi	none	672 ft	23:53 UTC
DEH Decorah, IA	367 nm out, 1 nm northeast of the line	VFR	from the south (170°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	none	1,157 ft	00:35 UTC
FXY Forest City, IA	447 nm out, 10 nm south of the line	VFR	from the south-southeast (150°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	1,229 ft	00:30 UTC
EST Estherville, IA	496 nm out, 5 nm southwest of the line	VFR	from the south (170°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	1,318 ft	00:49 UTC
LYV Luverne, MN	566 nm out, 4 nm northeast of the line	VFR	from the southwest (220°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	none	1,435 ft	00:35 UTC
FSD Sioux Falls, SD	destination	VFR Sky: a broken layer at 18,000 feet, a broken layer at 25,000 feet	from the west-northwest (290°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	18,000 ft	1,430 ft	6:56 pm CDT (23:56 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 1,435 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At FSD when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 1:17 am CDT (06:17 UTC)

Wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for FSD

From Sun 7:00 pm CDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the west at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 25,000 feet
From Sun 9:00 pm CDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 25,000 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm CDT (04:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet
From Mon 8:00 am CDT (13:00 UTC): wind from the northeast at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 700 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm CDT (19:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
From Mon 4:00 pm CDT (21:00 UTC): wind from the west at 11 knots, gusting to 17, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet

The forecast for YIP, the departure

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the northeast at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 1,000 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,400 feet
From Mon 3:00 am EDT (07:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 25,000 feet
At times between Mon 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC) and 9:00 am EDT (13:00 UTC): visibility 2 miles, mist, a broken layer at 400 feet
From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 11 knots, gusting to 22, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 25,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

No temporary flight restriction on or near this route right now.

Daylight

Sunset at YIP 6:57 pm EDT (22:57 UTC), at FSD 6:49 pm CDT (23:49 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:17 pm CDT (00:17 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at FSD is before sunrise there (7:37 am CDT (12:37 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the northern Rockies · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Willow Run Airport, Joe Foss Field.