Plan a flight · Tue 6:16 am CDT (11:16 UTC)

Chicago/Rockford International to Buffalo Niagara International RFD → BUF

460 nautical miles (530 statute miles) east on a straight line, true course 081°, about 084° magnetic at the departure end (variation 3W). At 120 knots that is 2 h 32 min at the quickest height in today's winds (39,000 ft, a 62-knot tailwind), arriving about 9:48 am EDT (13:48 UTC). Right now RFD is VFR, wind from the west-southwest (240°) at 7 knots; BUF is VFR, wind from the south-southwest (200°) at 9 knots, gusting to 18. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 8 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Near the route, 176 nm along the route.
AIRMET ZULU 4C: moderate icing from 12,000 ft to 24,000 ft. Over the last 0 nm of the route.

Turbulence No turbulence warning in force along the route. AIRMET in force: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground), near the route, 176 nm along the route. 6 pilot reports of turbulence near the line in the last three hours: moderate chop turbulence, at 35,000 ft, 37 nm north, 5:25 am CDT (10:25 UTC); moderate chop turbulence, at 8,000 ft, 25 nm south, 5:42 am CDT (10:42 UTC). The government's turbulence forecast map ↗

Icing AIRMET in force: moderate icing from 12,000 ft to 24,000 ft, over the last 0 nm of the route. A pilot reported no icing, at 23,000 ft, 0 nm southwest, 5:00 am CDT (10:00 UTC). The freezing level is about 13,500 ft (from the winds-aloft temperatures), so icing is possible in cloud above that. The government's icing forecast map ↗

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from RFD.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

A321 at 35,000 ft, 37 nm north, 5:25 am CDT (10:25 UTC): moderate chop turbulence. 59 nm along the route, 37 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
MKE UA /OV MKE/TM 1025/FL350/TP A321/TB CONS MOD CHOP
```
Report
a routine report filed through MKE
Where
over MKE
Time
10:25 UTC
Height
at 35,000 ft
Aircraft
A321
Turbulence
continuous moderate chop
A320 at 8,000 ft, 25 nm south, 5:42 am CDT (10:42 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, overcast above 11,000 ft, rain. 284 nm along the route, 25 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV DXO080030/TM 1042/FL080/TP A320/SK OVC110/WX MOD RA/TB MOD CHOP
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
30 nm east (080°) of DXO
Time
10:42 UTC
Height
at 8,000 ft
Aircraft
A320
Sky
overcast from 11,000 ft
Weather
moderate, rain
Turbulence
moderate chop
A319 at 34,000 ft, 36 nm northeast, 5:25 am CDT (10:25 UTC): moderate turbulence above 34,000 ft, remarks: zob. At the destination end, 36 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV ROC300015/TM 1025/FL340/TP A319/TB CONS MOD 340/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
15 nm northwest (300°) of ROC
Time
10:25 UTC
Height
at 34,000 ft
Aircraft
A319
Turbulence
continuous moderate at 34,000 ft
Remarks
zob
B752 descending, 31 nm south, 4:57 am CDT (09:57 UTC): no turbulence, remarks: smooth final runway 22R. 255 nm along the route, 31 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV DTW/TM 0957/FLDURD/TP B752/TB NEG/RM SMOOTH FINAL RY 22R
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
over DTW
Time
09:57 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
B752
Turbulence
none
Remarks
smooth final runway 22R
C25M at 5,000 ft, 28 nm south, 6:01 am CDT (11:01 UTC): no turbulence, vmc. 274 nm along the route, 28 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV 6E YQG/TM 1101/FL050/TP C25M/WX VMC/TB NEG
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
6E yqg
Time
11:01 UTC
Height
at 5,000 ft
Aircraft
C25M
Weather
visual conditions
Turbulence
none
A321 at 37,000 ft, 36 nm south, 5:01 am CDT (10:01 UTC): no turbulence, remarks: zob. 304 nm along the route, 36 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LPR UA /OV DJB360050/TM 1001/FL370/TP A321/TB NEG/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through LPR
Where
50 nm north (360°) of DJB
Time
10:01 UTC
Height
at 37,000 ft
Aircraft
A321
Turbulence
none
Remarks
zob
UAL436 at 31,000 ft, 41 nm north, 4:59 am CDT (09:59 UTC): light chop turbulence, wind 270° at 42 knots. 304 nm along the route, 41 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ARP UAL436 4328N 08217W 0959 F310 270/042KT TB OCNL LGT CHOP MOD IC
```
Report
a routine report filed through ARP
A319 at 5,000 ft, 2 nm south, 5:30 am CDT (10:30 UTC): light chop turbulence. At the destination end, 2 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BUF UA /OV BUF270010/TM 1030/FL050/TP A319/TB LT CHOP
```
Report
a routine report filed through BUF
Where
10 nm west (270°) of BUF
Time
10:30 UTC
Height
at 5,000 ft
Aircraft
A319
Turbulence
lt chop
C700 at 1,300 ft, 0 nm southwest, 5:47 am CDT (10:47 UTC): remarks: field in sight 5 miles out. At the destination end, 0 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BUF UA /OV BUF/TM 1047/FL013/TP C700/SK B013/RM FIELD IN SIGHT 5 MILES OUT
```
Report
a routine report filed through BUF
Where
over BUF
Time
10:47 UTC
Height
at 1,300 ft
Aircraft
C700
Sky
B013
Remarks
field in sight 5 miles out
B789 at 23,000 ft, 0 nm southwest, 5:00 am CDT (10:00 UTC): light chop turbulence above 23,000 ft, no icing, remarks: zob. At the destination end, 0 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BUF UA /OV BUF/TM 1000/FL230/TP B789/TB LGT CHOP 230/IC NEG/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through BUF
Where
over BUF
Time
10:00 UTC
Height
at 23,000 ft
Aircraft
B789
Turbulence
light chop at 23,000 ft
Icing
none
Remarks
zob

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 4 forecast points nearest it (JOT, MKG, CLE, BUF). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
3,500 ft	270° at 31 kt	−31 kt		151 kt	3 h 03 min	10:19 am EDT (14:19 UTC)
5,500 ft	270° at 30 kt	−30 kt		150 kt	3 h 04 min	10:20 am EDT (14:20 UTC)
7,500 ft	260° at 34 kt	−34 kt	13 °C	154 kt	2 h 59 min	10:15 am EDT (14:15 UTC)
9,500 ft	260° at 38 kt	−38 kt	9 °C	158 kt	2 h 55 min	10:11 am EDT (14:11 UTC)
11,500 ft	260° at 41 kt	−40 kt	4 °C	160 kt	2 h 52 min	10:08 am EDT (14:08 UTC)
13,500 ft	260° at 42 kt	−42 kt	0 °C	162 kt	2 h 50 min	10:06 am EDT (14:06 UTC)
15,500 ft	270° at 44 kt	−44 kt	-4 °C	164 kt	2 h 48 min	10:04 am EDT (14:04 UTC)
17,500 ft	270° at 46 kt	−45 kt	-8 °C	165 kt	2 h 47 min	10:03 am EDT (14:03 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	270° at 46 kt	−46 kt	-9 °C	166 kt	2 h 46 min	10:02 am EDT (14:02 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	280° at 45 kt	−43 kt	-22 °C	163 kt	2 h 49 min	10:05 am EDT (14:05 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	300° at 56 kt	−47 kt	-32 °C	167 kt	2 h 45 min	10:01 am EDT (14:01 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	300° at 70 kt	−54 kt	-41 °C	174 kt	2 h 39 min	9:55 am EDT (13:55 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	300° at 79 kt	−62 kt	-47 °C	182 kt	2 h 32 min	9:48 am EDT (13:48 UTC)

Based on data from the 13th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 13th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
JOT	used from 0 nm out; 47 nm from the line	280/38	270/37 18°	270/43 12°	270/45 3°	260/44 -8°	280/52 -21°	300/70 -29°	300/81 -38°	300/84 -49°
MKG	used from 98 nm out; 41 nm from the line	270/25	270/32 16°	270/38 12°	260/39 3°	270/53 -10°	280/49 -22°	290/64 -30°	300/83 -39°	300/93 -48°
CLE	used from 245 nm out; 96 nm from the line	260/29	270/23 15°	250/32 11°	260/38 3°	280/36 -9°	280/32 -22°	300/40 -34°	310/68 -41°	310/77 -47°
BUF	used from 343 nm out; 93 nm from the line	260/36	260/29 13°	250/40 7°	260/44 2°	270/48 -10°	280/44 -22°	300/48 -37°	310/48 -47°	300/60 -45°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
RFD Chicago/Rockford, IL	departure	VFR	from the west-southwest (240°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	742 ft	5:54 am CDT (10:54 UTC)
DPA Chicago/West Chicago, IL	39 nm out, 23 nm south of the line, tower	VFR	from the west-southwest (250°) at 9 knots	10+ mi	none	758 ft	10:52 UTC
UGN Chicago/Waukegan, IL	59 nm out, 6 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	from the west-southwest (240°) at 9 knots	10+ mi	none	728 ft	10:51 UTC
LWA South Haven, MI	127 nm out, 9 nm south of the line	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 8,000 feet	from the southwest (220°) at 15 knots, gusting to 19	10+ mi	none	665 ft	10:55 UTC
BTL Battle Creek, MI	166 nm out, 17 nm south of the line, tower	VFR	from the southwest (220°) at 10 knots	10+ mi	none	951 ft	10:53 UTC
LAN Lansing, MI	206 nm out, 9 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	from the southwest (220°) at 11 knots	10+ mi	none	860 ft	10:53 UTC
PTK Pontiac, MI	255 nm out, 4 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 6,000 feet, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet	from the south-southwest (210°) at 8 knots	10+ mi	none	980 ft	10:53 UTC
PHN Port Huron, MI	294 nm out, 8 nm north of the line	VFR Sky: a broken layer at 11,000 feet	from the south-southwest (200°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	11,000 ft	650 ft	10:55 UTC
CYQS St Thomas,	353 nm out, 6 nm southeast of the line	no report just now				776 ft
CYSN St Catharines,	441 nm out, 16 nm north of the line	VFR Sky: a broken layer at 10,000 feet Weather: light showers rain	from the south-southwest (200°) at 11 knots	10+ mi	10,000 ft	321 ft	11:00 UTC
BUF Buffalo, NY	destination	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 3,900 feet, a broken layer at 9,500 feet, overcast at 12,000 feet Weather: light rain	from the south-southwest (200°) at 9 knots, gusting to 18	10+ mi	9,500 ft	726 ft	6:54 am EDT (10:54 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 980 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

The codes as issued, and in English, for every airport in the table

RFD Chicago/Rockford, IL

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KRFD 131054Z AUTO 24007KT 10SM CLR 21/17 A2978 RMK AO2 SLP079 T02060167 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KRFD: the station, KRFD
131054Z: observed 5:54 am CDT (10:54 UTC)
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
24007KT: wind from the west-southwest at 7 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
CLR: clear skies
21/17: temperature 21 °C (70 °F), dew point 17 °C (63 °F)
A2978: altimeter setting 29.78 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP079: sea-level pressure 1007.9 hPa
T02060167: temperature 20.6 °C (69 °F), dew point 16.7 °C (62 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KRFD 130856Z 1309/1406 22011KT P6SM SCT150 WS010/26045KT FM131100 29010KT P6SM FEW025 SCT100 FM132300 36005KT P6SM SCT040 BKN090 FM140200 01007KT P6SM VCTS SCT030 OVC040CB TEMPO 1403/1406 3SM -TSRA SCT020 BKN030CB

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KRFD: the station, KRFD
130856Z: issued 3:56 am CDT (08:56 UTC)
1309/1406 22011KT P6SM SCT150 WS010/26045KT: valid from Tue 4:00 am CDT (09:00 UTC) to Wed 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 15,000 feet, wind shear below 1,000 feet: wind from 260° at 45 knots above it
FM131100 29010KT P6SM FEW025 SCT100: from Tue 6:00 am CDT (11:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet
FM132300 36005KT P6SM SCT040 BKN090: from Tue 6:00 pm CDT (23:00 UTC): wind from the north at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet, a broken layer at 9,000 feet
FM140200 01007KT P6SM VCTS SCT030 OVC040CB: from Tue 9:00 pm CDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the north at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, vcts, scattered clouds at 3,000 feet, overcast at 4,000 feet (thunderheads)
TEMPO 1403/1406 3SM -TSRA SCT020 BKN030CB: at times from Tue 10:00 pm CDT (03:00 UTC) to Wed 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC): visibility 3 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, scattered clouds at 2,000 feet, a broken layer at 3,000 feet (thunderheads)

DPA Chicago/West Chicago, IL

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KDPA 131052Z 25009KT 10SM CLR 21/15 A2977 RMK AO2 SLP079 T02110150

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KDPA: the station, KDPA
131052Z: observed 10:52 UTC on the 13th
25009KT: wind from the west-southwest at 9 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
CLR: clear skies
21/15: temperature 21 °C (70 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)
A2977: altimeter setting 29.77 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP079: sea-level pressure 1007.9 hPa
T02110150: temperature 21.1 °C (70 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)

TAF KDPA 130856Z 1309/1406 22011KT P6SM SCT150 WS010/26045KT FM131100 26010KT P6SM FEW025 SCT100 FM140000 36005KT P6SM SCT040 BKN090 FM140300 05007KT P6SM VCTS SCT030 OVC040CB TEMPO 1404/1406 3SM -TSRA SCT020 BKN030CB

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KDPA: the station, KDPA
130856Z: issued 08:56 UTC on the 13th
1309/1406 22011KT P6SM SCT150 WS010/26045KT: valid from Tue 09:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 15,000 feet, wind shear below 1,000 feet: wind from 260° at 45 knots above it
FM131100 26010KT P6SM FEW025 SCT100: from Tue 11:00 UTC: wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet
FM140000 36005KT P6SM SCT040 BKN090: from Wed 00:00 UTC: wind from the north at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet, a broken layer at 9,000 feet
FM140300 05007KT P6SM VCTS SCT030 OVC040CB: from Wed 03:00 UTC: wind from the northeast at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, vcts, scattered clouds at 3,000 feet, overcast at 4,000 feet (thunderheads)
TEMPO 1404/1406 3SM -TSRA SCT020 BKN030CB: at times from Wed 04:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: visibility 3 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, scattered clouds at 2,000 feet, a broken layer at 3,000 feet (thunderheads)

UGN Chicago/Waukegan, IL

the observation as issued, and in English

METAR KUGN 131051Z 24009KT 10SM CLR 21/16 A2973 RMK AO2 SLP055 T02110161

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KUGN: the station, KUGN
131051Z: observed 10:51 UTC on the 13th
24009KT: wind from the west-southwest at 9 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
CLR: clear skies
21/16: temperature 21 °C (70 °F), dew point 16 °C (61 °F)
A2973: altimeter setting 29.73 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP055: sea-level pressure 1005.5 hPa
T02110161: temperature 21.1 °C (70 °F), dew point 16.1 °C (61 °F)

LWA South Haven, MI

the observation as issued, and in English

METAR KLWA 131055Z AUTO 22015G19KT 10SM FEW080 24/15 A2974 RMK AO2

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KLWA: the station, KLWA
131055Z: observed 10:55 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
22015G19KT: wind from the southwest at 15 knots, gusting to 19
10SM: visibility 10 miles
FEW080: a few clouds at 8,000 feet
24/15: temperature 24 °C (75 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)
A2974: altimeter setting 29.74 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor

BTL Battle Creek, MI

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KBTL 131053Z 22010KT 10SM CLR 21/15 A2977 RMK AO2 SLP074 T02060150

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KBTL: the station, KBTL
131053Z: observed 10:53 UTC on the 13th
22010KT: wind from the southwest at 10 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
CLR: clear skies
21/15: temperature 21 °C (70 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)
A2977: altimeter setting 29.77 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP074: sea-level pressure 1007.4 hPa
T02060150: temperature 20.6 °C (69 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)

TAF KBTL 130524Z 1306/1406 21010KT P6SM BKN120 WS020/24045KT FM131000 23011KT P6SM BKN100 FM131400 23016G24KT P6SM FEW040 FM131800 27014G22KT P6SM FEW040 FM132100 28010KT P6SM FEW035 FM140400 35004KT P6SM VCSH BKN050

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KBTL: the station, KBTL
130524Z: issued 05:24 UTC on the 13th
1306/1406 21010KT P6SM BKN120 WS020/24045KT: valid from Tue 06:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the south-southwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 12,000 feet, wind shear below 2,000 feet: wind from 240° at 45 knots above it
FM131000 23011KT P6SM BKN100: from Tue 10:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 10,000 feet
FM131400 23016G24KT P6SM FEW040: from Tue 14:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 16 knots, gusting to 24, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 4,000 feet
FM131800 27014G22KT P6SM FEW040: from Tue 18:00 UTC: wind from the west at 14 knots, gusting to 22, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 4,000 feet
FM132100 28010KT P6SM FEW035: from Tue 21:00 UTC: wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 3,500 feet
FM140400 35004KT P6SM VCSH BKN050: from Wed 04:00 UTC: wind from the north at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, vcsh, a broken layer at 5,000 feet

LAN Lansing, MI

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KLAN 131053Z 22011KT 10SM CLR 22/14 A2974 RMK AO2 SLP065 T02170144 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KLAN: the station, KLAN
131053Z: observed 10:53 UTC on the 13th
22011KT: wind from the southwest at 11 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
CLR: clear skies
22/14: temperature 22 °C (72 °F), dew point 14 °C (57 °F)
A2974: altimeter setting 29.74 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP065: sea-level pressure 1006.5 hPa
T02170144: temperature 21.7 °C (71 °F), dew point 14.4 °C (58 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KLAN 130524Z 1306/1406 21010KT P6SM SCT050 BKN120 WS020/24048KT FM131000 22011KT P6SM BKN100 FM131400 24016G26KT P6SM FEW040 FM131800 27020G28KT P6SM FEW040 FM132300 28010KT P6SM FEW035 FM140500 33004KT P6SM VCSH BKN050

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KLAN: the station, KLAN
130524Z: issued 05:24 UTC on the 13th
1306/1406 21010KT P6SM SCT050 BKN120 WS020/24048KT: valid from Tue 06:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the south-southwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 5,000 feet, a broken layer at 12,000 feet, wind shear below 2,000 feet: wind from 240° at 48 knots above it
FM131000 22011KT P6SM BKN100: from Tue 10:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 10,000 feet
FM131400 24016G26KT P6SM FEW040: from Tue 14:00 UTC: wind from the west-southwest at 16 knots, gusting to 26, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 4,000 feet
FM131800 27020G28KT P6SM FEW040: from Tue 18:00 UTC: wind from the west at 20 knots, gusting to 28, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 4,000 feet
FM132300 28010KT P6SM FEW035: from Tue 23:00 UTC: wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 3,500 feet
FM140500 33004KT P6SM VCSH BKN050: from Wed 05:00 UTC: wind from the north-northwest at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, vcsh, a broken layer at 5,000 feet

PTK Pontiac, MI

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KPTK 131053Z COR 21008KT 10SM FEW060 SCT100 21/15 A2976 RMK AO2 SLP071 T02060150

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KPTK: the station, KPTK
131053Z: observed 10:53 UTC on the 13th
COR: a corrected report
21008KT: wind from the south-southwest at 8 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
FEW060: a few clouds at 6,000 feet
SCT100: scattered clouds at 10,000 feet
21/15: temperature 21 °C (70 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)
A2976: altimeter setting 29.76 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
SLP071: sea-level pressure 1007.1 hPa
T02060150: temperature 20.6 °C (69 °F), dew point 15 °C (59 °F)

TAF KPTK 130813Z 1308/1406 20007KT P6SM SCT070 BKN100 FM131300 24012KT P6SM SCT035 FM131700 26014G28KT P6SM SCT040 FM140000 31006KT P6SM SCT120

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KPTK: the station, KPTK
130813Z: issued 08:13 UTC on the 13th
1308/1406 20007KT P6SM SCT070 BKN100: valid from Tue 08:00 UTC to Wed 06:00 UTC: wind from the south-southwest at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 7,000 feet, a broken layer at 10,000 feet
FM131300 24012KT P6SM SCT035: from Tue 13:00 UTC: wind from the west-southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 3,500 feet
FM131700 26014G28KT P6SM SCT040: from Tue 17:00 UTC: wind from the west at 14 knots, gusting to 28, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet
FM140000 31006KT P6SM SCT120: from Wed 00:00 UTC: wind from the northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 12,000 feet

PHN Port Huron, MI

the observation as issued, and in English

METAR KPHN 131055Z AUTO 20007KT 10SM BKN110 19/17 A2974 RMK AO2

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KPHN: the station, KPHN
131055Z: observed 10:55 UTC on the 13th
AUTO: fully automated report, nobody checked it
20007KT: wind from the south-southwest at 7 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
BKN110: a broken layer at 11,000 feet
19/17: temperature 19 °C (66 °F), dew point 17 °C (63 °F)
A2974: altimeter setting 29.74 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor

CYSN St Catharines,

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR CYSN 131100Z 20011KT 10SM -SHRA BKN100 19/18 A2977 RMK AC7 CVCTV CLD EMBD SLP084 DENSITY ALT 1000FT

METAR: a routine hourly observation
CYSN: the station, CYSN
131100Z: observed 11:00 UTC on the 13th
20011KT: wind from the south-southwest at 11 knots
10SM: visibility 10 miles
-SHRA: light rain showers
BKN100: a broken layer at 10,000 feet
19/18: temperature 19 °C (66 °F), dew point 18 °C (64 °F)
A2977: altimeter setting 29.77 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AC7: altocumulus covering 7 eighths of the sky
CVCTV
CLD
EMBD
SLP084: sea-level pressure 1008.4 hPa
DENSITY ALT 1000FT: density altitude 1000FT feet

TAF CYSN 121944Z 1220/1301 24012KT P6SM SCT020 TEMPO 1220/1221 BKN020 FM122100 23012KT P6SM FEW025 RMK NXT FCST BY 131300Z

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
CYSN: the station, CYSN
121944Z: issued 19:44 UTC on the 12th
1220/1301 24012KT P6SM SCT020: valid from Mon 20:00 UTC to Tue 01:00 UTC: wind from the west-southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 2,000 feet
TEMPO 1220/1221 BKN020: at times from Mon 20:00 UTC to Mon 21:00 UTC: a broken layer at 2,000 feet
FM122100 23012KT P6SM FEW025 RMK NXT FCST BY 131300Z: from Mon 21:00 UTC: wind from the southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, rmk, nxt, fcst, by, 131300z

BUF Buffalo, NY

the observation and the forecast as issued, and in English

METAR KBUF 131054Z 20009G18KT 10SM -RA FEW039 BKN095 OVC120 18/17 A2982 RMK AO2 RAB0957 SLP095 P0010 T01830172 $

METAR: a routine hourly observation
KBUF: the station, KBUF
131054Z: observed 6:54 am EDT (10:54 UTC)
20009G18KT: wind from the south-southwest at 9 knots, gusting to 18
10SM: visibility 10 miles
-RA: light rain
FEW039: a few clouds at 3,900 feet
BKN095: a broken layer at 9,500 feet
OVC120: overcast at 12,000 feet
18/17: temperature 18 °C (64 °F), dew point 17 °C (63 °F)
A2982: altimeter setting 29.82 inches of mercury
RMK: remarks follow
AO2: automated station with a precipitation sensor
RAB0957: rain began 5:57 am EDT (09:57 UTC)
SLP095: sea-level pressure 1009.5 hPa
P0010: 0.10 inches of precipitation in the last hour
T01830172: temperature 18.3 °C (65 °F), dew point 17.2 °C (63 °F)
$: the station needs maintenance

TAF KBUF 130520Z 1306/1406 22008KT P6SM FEW250 WS020/25040KT FM130900 21008KT 6SM -SHRA BKN060 WS015/25035KT PROB30 1310/1313 4SM -TSRA OVC035CB FM131600 22012G25KT P6SM BKN080 FM131800 24015G33KT P6SM SCT090 PROB30 1319/1324 4SM -SHRA BKN070 FM140100 25011G18KT P6SM SCT100

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KBUF: the station, KBUF
130520Z: issued 1:20 am EDT (05:20 UTC)
1306/1406 22008KT P6SM FEW250 WS020/25040KT: valid from Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) to Wed 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet, wind shear below 2,000 feet: wind from 250° at 40 knots above it
FM130900 21008KT 6SM -SHRA BKN060 WS015/25035KT: from Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 8 knots, visibility 6 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 6,000 feet, wind shear below 1,500 feet: wind from 250° at 35 knots above it
PROB30 1310/1313 4SM -TSRA OVC035CB: a 30% chance from Tue 6:00 am EDT (10:00 UTC) to Tue 9:00 am EDT (13:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, overcast at 3,500 feet (thunderheads)
FM131600 22012G25KT P6SM BKN080: from Tue 12:00 pm EDT (16:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 12 knots, gusting to 25, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 8,000 feet
FM131800 24015G33KT P6SM SCT090: from Tue 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 15 knots, gusting to 33, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 9,000 feet
PROB30 1319/1324 4SM -SHRA BKN070: a 30% chance from Tue 3:00 pm EDT (19:00 UTC) to Tue 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 7,000 feet
FM140100 25011G18KT P6SM SCT100: from Tue 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 11 knots, gusting to 18, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet

At BUF when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 9:48 am EDT (13:48 UTC)

Wind from the south-southwest at 8 knots, visibility 6 miles, light rain showers, low-level wind shear, a broken layer at 6,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for BUF

From Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
From Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 8 knots, visibility 6 miles, light rain showers, low-level wind shear, a broken layer at 6,000 feet
30% chance between Tue 6:00 am EDT (10:00 UTC) and 9:00 am EDT (13:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, overcast at 3,500 feet (thunderheads)
From Tue 12:00 pm EDT (16:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 12 knots, gusting to 25, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 8,000 feet
From Tue 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 15 knots, gusting to 33, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 9,000 feet
30% chance between Tue 3:00 pm EDT (19:00 UTC) and 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 7,000 feet
From Tue 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 11 knots, gusting to 18, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet

The forecast for RFD, the departure

From Tue 4:00 am CDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, scattered clouds at 15,000 feet
From Tue 6:00 am CDT (11:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet
From Tue 6:00 pm CDT (23:00 UTC): wind from the north at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet, a broken layer at 9,000 feet
From Tue 9:00 pm CDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the north at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, thunderstorms nearby, scattered clouds at 3,000 feet, overcast at 4,000 feet (thunderheads)
At times between Tue 10:00 pm CDT (03:00 UTC) and 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC): visibility 3 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, scattered clouds at 2,000 feet, a broken layer at 3,000 feet (thunderheads)

BUF:

the forecast as issued, and in English

TAF KBUF 130520Z 1306/1406 22008KT P6SM FEW250 WS020/25040KT FM130900 21008KT 6SM -SHRA BKN060 WS015/25035KT PROB30 1310/1313 4SM -TSRA OVC035CB FM131600 22012G25KT P6SM BKN080 FM131800 24015G33KT P6SM SCT090 PROB30 1319/1324 4SM -SHRA BKN070 FM140100 25011G18KT P6SM SCT100

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KBUF: the station, KBUF
130520Z: issued 1:20 am EDT (05:20 UTC)
1306/1406 22008KT P6SM FEW250 WS020/25040KT: valid from Tue 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) to Wed 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet, wind shear below 2,000 feet: wind from 250° at 40 knots above it
FM130900 21008KT 6SM -SHRA BKN060 WS015/25035KT: from Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 8 knots, visibility 6 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 6,000 feet, wind shear below 1,500 feet: wind from 250° at 35 knots above it
PROB30 1310/1313 4SM -TSRA OVC035CB: a 30% chance from Tue 6:00 am EDT (10:00 UTC) to Tue 9:00 am EDT (13:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, overcast at 3,500 feet (thunderheads)
FM131600 22012G25KT P6SM BKN080: from Tue 12:00 pm EDT (16:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 12 knots, gusting to 25, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 8,000 feet
FM131800 24015G33KT P6SM SCT090: from Tue 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 15 knots, gusting to 33, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 9,000 feet
PROB30 1319/1324 4SM -SHRA BKN070: a 30% chance from Tue 3:00 pm EDT (19:00 UTC) to Tue 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 7,000 feet
FM140100 25011G18KT P6SM SCT100: from Tue 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 11 knots, gusting to 18, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet

RFD:

the forecast as issued, and in English

TAF KRFD 130856Z 1309/1406 22011KT P6SM SCT150 WS010/26045KT FM131100 29010KT P6SM FEW025 SCT100 FM132300 36005KT P6SM SCT040 BKN090 FM140200 01007KT P6SM VCTS SCT030 OVC040CB TEMPO 1403/1406 3SM -TSRA SCT020 BKN030CB

TAF: a terminal aerodrome forecast: the weather expected at the airport, usually for the next 24 or 30 hours
KRFD: the station, KRFD
130856Z: issued 3:56 am CDT (08:56 UTC)
1309/1406 22011KT P6SM SCT150 WS010/26045KT: valid from Tue 4:00 am CDT (09:00 UTC) to Wed 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 15,000 feet, wind shear below 1,000 feet: wind from 260° at 45 knots above it
FM131100 29010KT P6SM FEW025 SCT100: from Tue 6:00 am CDT (11:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet
FM132300 36005KT P6SM SCT040 BKN090: from Tue 6:00 pm CDT (23:00 UTC): wind from the north at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet, a broken layer at 9,000 feet
FM140200 01007KT P6SM VCTS SCT030 OVC040CB: from Tue 9:00 pm CDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the north at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, vcts, scattered clouds at 3,000 feet, overcast at 4,000 feet (thunderheads)
TEMPO 1403/1406 3SM -TSRA SCT020 BKN030CB: at times from Tue 10:00 pm CDT (03:00 UTC) to Wed 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC): visibility 3 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, scattered clouds at 2,000 feet, a broken layer at 3,000 feet (thunderheads)

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

No temporary flight restriction on or near this route right now.

Notices to air missions closures and things out of service at both ends; airspace, navigation aids and obstructions near the line

RFD: 22 notices in force. all of them, grouped →

closed Apron west Cargo Ramp A closed until Wed 14 Oct, 6:59 pm CDT (23:59 UTC) · RFD 10/027
as issued
```
!RFD 10/027 RFD APRON WEST CARGO RAMP A CLSD 2610051816-2610142359
```
closed Taxiway F between taxiway A and taxiway F2 closed until Wed 14 Oct, 6:59 pm CDT (23:59 UTC) · RFD 10/026
as issued
```
!RFD 10/026 RFD TWY F BTN TWY A AND TWY F2 CLSD 2610051816-2610142359
```
closed Taxiway G between runway 07/25 and taxiway F closed until Wed 14 Oct, 6:59 pm CDT (23:59 UTC) · RFD 10/025
as issued
```
!RFD 10/025 RFD TWY G BTN RWY 07/25 AND TWY F CLSD 2610051815-2610142359
```

BUF: 10 notices in force. all of them, grouped →

closed Apron TXL F closed until Tue 13 Oct, 9:00 am EDT (13:00 UTC) · BUF 10/090
as issued
```
!BUF 10/090 BUF APRON TXL F CLSD 2610130122-2610131300
```

Airports along the way: PHN runway 10/28 closed

82 notices near the line, the first 30 (airspace and special activity within 25 nm, navigation aids within 25 nm, obstructions within 5 nm):

Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1005629) 42°19′N 89°13′W (4.4 nautical miles WNW 1C8) 1135.2FT (265.1FT above ground level) out of service until Tue 20 Oct, 6:59 pm CDT (23:59 UTC) · 0 nm along the route, 10 nm off the line · 1C8 08/388
as issued
```
!IKK 08/388 1C8 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1005629) 421938.00N0891322.00W (4.4NM WNW 1C8) 1135.2FT (265.1FT AGL) U/S 2608201610-2610202359
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1059247) 42°15′N 88°50′W (4.1 nautical miles south C77) 1034.1FT (262.1FT above ground level) out of service until Tue 9 Feb, 3:16 pm CST (21:16 UTC) · 10 nm along the route, 3 nm off the line · C77 10/117
as issued
```
!IKK 10/117 C77 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1059247) 421518.40N0885039.90W (4.1NM S C77) 1034.1FT (262.1FT AGL) U/S 2610122116-2702092116
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1013171) 42°19′N 89°00′W (5.8 nautical miles ENE 1C8) 1356.0FT (500.0FT above ground level) out of service until Mon 14 Dec, 11:45 pm CST (05:45 UTC) · 10 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · 1C8 08/329
as issued
```
!IKK 08/329 1C8 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1013171) 421920.00N0890041.00W (5.8NM ENE 1C8) 1356.0FT (500.0FT AGL) U/S 2608170545-2612150545
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 04 outer marker out of service until Tue 16 Nov 2027, 3:11 pm CST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 10 nm along the route, 25 nm off the line · JVL 03/055
as issued
```
!JVL 03/055 JVL NAV ILS RWY 04 OM U/S 2604012000-2711162111EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1008743) 42°23′N 88°44′W (4.5 nautical miles west 0C0) 1215.9FT (291.0FT above ground level) out of service until Thu 4 Feb, 9:02 pm CST (03:02 UTC) · 20 nm along the route, 9 nm off the line · 0C0 10/082
as issued
```
!IKK 10/082 0C0 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1008743) 422338.00N0884403.00W (4.5NM W 0C0) 1215.9FT (291.0FT AGL) U/S 2610080302-2702050302
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1027195) 42°15′N 88°21′W (3.6 nautical miles NNW 3CK) 1425.9FT (498.7FT above ground level) out of service until Tue 24 Nov, 5:59 pm CST (23:59 UTC) · 29 nm along the route, 4 nm off the line · 3CK 09/274
as issued
```
!IKK 09/274 3CK OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1027195) 421534.00N0882145.00W (3.6NM NNW 3CK) 1425.9FT (498.7FT AGL) U/S 2609242202-2611242359
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 02L outer marker out of service until Mon 6 Dec 2027, 3:11 pm CST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 39 nm along the route, 24 nm off the line · DPA 04/017
as issued
```
!DPA 04/017 DPA NAV ILS RWY 02L OM U/S 2604221216-2712062111EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 27C inner marker out of service until Mon 22 Nov 2027, 3:11 pm CST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 20 nm off the line · ORD 06/653
as issued
```
!ORD 06/653 ORD NAV ILS RWY 27C IM U/S 2606151927-2711222111EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 28L inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 5:59 pm CST (23:59 UTC) · 49 nm along the route, 22 nm off the line · ORD 06/054
as issued
```
!ORD 06/054 ORD NAV ILS RWY 28L IM U/S 2606011933-2612312359
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 27R inner marker out of service until Sun 24 Oct 2027, 4:11 pm CDT (21:11 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 19 nm off the line · ORD 03/095
as issued
```
!ORD 03/095 ORD NAV ILS RWY 27R IM U/S 2603041253-2710242111EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 28R inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 3:11 pm CST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 21 nm off the line · ORD 01/867
as issued
```
!ORD 01/867 ORD NAV ILS RWY 28R IM U/S 2601221444-2612312111EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 28C inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 3:11 pm CST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 22 nm off the line · ORD 01/866
as issued
```
!ORD 01/866 ORD NAV ILS RWY 28C IM U/S 2601221443-2612312111EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 27L inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 3:11 pm CST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 21 nm off the line · ORD 01/865
as issued
```
!ORD 01/865 ORD NAV ILS RWY 27L IM U/S 2601221442-2612312111EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 10R(Z) inner marker out of service until Wed 30 Dec, 5:59 pm CST (23:59 UTC) · 49 nm along the route, 22 nm off the line · ORD 01/864
as issued
```
!ORD 01/864 ORD NAV ILS RWY 10R(Z) IM U/S 2601221251-2612302359
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 10L inner marker out of service until Wed 30 Dec, 3:11 pm CST (21:11 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 21 nm off the line · ORD 01/863
as issued
```
!ORD 01/863 ORD NAV ILS RWY 10L IM U/S 2601221245-2612302111EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 10C inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 5:59 pm CST (23:59 UTC) · 49 nm along the route, 22 nm off the line · ORD 12/339
as issued
```
!ORD 12/339 ORD NAV ILS RWY 10C IM U/S 2512301307-2612312359
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 09C inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 5:59 pm CST (23:59 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 20 nm off the line · ORD 12/337
as issued
```
!ORD 12/337 ORD NAV ILS RWY 09C IM U/S 2512301233-2612312359EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 09L inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 5:59 pm CST (23:59 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 19 nm off the line · ORD 12/336
as issued
```
!ORD 12/336 ORD NAV ILS RWY 09L IM U/S 2512301220-2612312359EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 09R inner marker out of service until Thu 31 Dec, 5:59 pm CST (23:59 UTC), estimated · 49 nm along the route, 21 nm off the line · ORD 12/117
as issued
```
!ORD 12/117 ORD NAV ILS RWY 09R IM U/S 2512221444-2612312359EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 04 out of service until Fri 30 Oct, 3:00 pm CDT (20:00 UTC) · 59 nm along the route, 25 nm off the line · RAC 09/002
as issued
```
!RAC 09/002 RAC NAV ILS RWY 04 U/S 2609302054-2610302000
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 23 glide path out of service until Sat 31 Oct, 6:59 pm CDT (23:59 UTC), estimated · 59 nm along the route, 6 nm off the line · UGN 09/007
as issued
```
!UGN 09/007 UGN NAV ILS RWY 23 GP U/S 2609270420-2610312359EST
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 23 outer marker out of service until Mon 27 Sep 2027, 4:11 pm CDT (21:11 UTC), estimated · 59 nm along the route, 6 nm off the line · UGN 02/006
as issued
```
!UGN 02/006 UGN NAV ILS RWY 23 OM U/S 2602051247-2709272111EST
```
Navigation aid localizer runway 28 out of service until Sat 31 Oct, 6:59 pm CDT (23:59 UTC), estimated · 118 nm along the route, 21 nm off the line · BEH 09/017
as issued
```
!BEH 09/017 BEH NAV LOC RWY 28 U/S 2609270440-2610312359EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1056425) 42°30′N 86°12′W (4.2 nautical miles WNW M86) 974.7FT (265.7FT above ground level) out of service until Tue 26 Jan, 4:02 am CST (10:02 UTC) · 127 nm along the route, 2 nm off the line · M86 09/327
as issued
```
!LAN 09/327 M86 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1056425) 423004.70N0861238.70W (4.2NM WNW M86) 974.7FT (265.7FT AGL) U/S 2609281002-2701261002
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1208548) 42°33′N 86°12′W (6.8 nautical miles NNW M86) 918.0FT (265.1FT above ground level) out of service until Mon 7 Dec, 1:48 pm CST (19:48 UTC) · 127 nm along the route, 5 nm off the line · M86 09/113
as issued
```
!LAN 09/113 M86 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1208548) 423359.00N0861225.40W (6.8NM NNW M86) 918.0FT (265.1FT AGL) U/S 2609081848-2612071948
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 26 glide path out of service until Thu 15 Oct, 3:00 pm CDT (20:00 UTC) · 137 nm along the route, 14 nm off the line · BIV 10/002
as issued
```
!BIV 10/002 BIV NAV ILS RWY 26 GP U/S 2610080003-2610152000
```
Navigation aid ILS runway 26 glide path out of service until Thu 15 Oct, 3:00 pm CDT (20:00 UTC), estimated · 137 nm along the route, 14 nm off the line · BIV 10/001
as issued
```
!BIV 10/001 BIV NAV ILS RWY 26 GP U/S 2610080000-2610152000EST
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1302758) 42°24′N 86°03′W (4.5 nautical miles southeast M86) 931 ft (261 ft above ground level) out of service until Wed 18 Nov, 7:54 pm CST (01:54 UTC) · 137 nm along the route, 6 nm off the line · M86 07/363
as issued
```
!LAN 07/363 M86 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1302758) 422436.30N0860351.30W (4.5NM SE M86) 931FT (261FT AGL) U/S 2607220154-2611190154
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1250852) 42°22′N 85°52′W (7.5 nautical miles north 2C5) 1074.8FT (254.9FT above ground level) out of service until Fri 20 Nov, 11:28 am CST (17:28 UTC) · 147 nm along the route, 10 nm off the line · 2C5 07/406
as issued
```
!LAN 07/406 2C5 OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1250852) 422236.30N0855224.60W (7.5NM N 2C5) 1074.8FT (254.9FT AGL) U/S 2607231728-2611201728
```
Obstruction tower lights (ASR 1029919) 42°25′N 85°31′W (5.9 nautical miles ESE 61D) 1526.9FT (500.0FT above ground level) out of service until Wed 21 Oct, 6:59 pm CDT (23:59 UTC), estimated · 157 nm along the route, 8 nm off the line · 61D 10/071
as issued
```
!LAN 10/071 61D OBST TOWER LGT (ASR 1029919) 422519.00N0853144.00W (5.9NM ESE 61D) 1526.9FT (500.0FT AGL) U/S 2610071404-2610212359EST
```

From the FAA's notice service (NOTAMs), the site's copy refreshed every few minutes; last checked 2 minutes ago. The FAA has so far issued eFlight its test feed, which misses some notices (checked against the FAA's own search on 12 October: about a third missing at Santa Barbara and Burbank, none at Atlanta or Las Vegas); the request for the full feed is with the FAA. Times are local to the field. This is for planning; the legal briefing comes from Flight Service or the FAA's own tools.

Daylight

Sunset at RFD 6:18 pm CDT (23:18 UTC), at BUF 6:35 pm EDT (22:35 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:04 pm EDT (23:04 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times.

The wind over the route live wind map, from Windy.com · drag the time bar for the coming hours; the level menu changes the height

Colours show wind speed, the moving lines its direction, at the surface unless you pick a height. Map and forecast by Windy.com; a second opinion beside the government's winds-aloft table above.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads · the turbulence and icing forecasts: turbulence ↗ · icing ↗

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Aviation forecast, clouds and visibility, the north-central states, 3 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · cloud cover and bases, visibility, and the areas of low cloud or poor visibility

Aviation forecast, surface weather, the north-central states, 3 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · surface winds, weather, thunderstorms, and the AIRMET boxes for turbulence, icing and strong winds

Aviation forecast, clouds and visibility, the Northeast, 3 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · cloud cover and bases, visibility, and the areas of low cloud or poor visibility

Aviation forecast, surface weather, the Northeast, 3 hours ahead · on the government's site ↗ Aviation Weather Center (NOAA) · surface winds, weather, thunderstorms, and the AIRMET boxes for turbulence, icing and strong winds

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Chicago/Rockford International, Buffalo Niagara International.