Westchester County to Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport HPN → OAK
2,231 nautical miles (2,567 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 281°, about 294° magnetic at the departure end (variation 13W). At 120 knots that is 21 h 03 min at the quickest height in today's winds (6,500 ft, a 14-knot headwind), arriving about 11:10 pm PDT (06:10 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now HPN is VFR, wind from the north (010°) at 8 knots; OAK is VFR, wind from the east-southeast (110°) at 5 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 2 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- SIGMET W18W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 30,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 6:55 am EDT (10:55 UTC). Over the route from 1813 to 1882 nm out.
as issued
WSUS33 KKCI 120855 MKCW WST 120855 CONVECTIVE SIGMET 18W VALID UNTIL 1055Z AZ UT NV FROM 20WNW BVL-30N BCE-60SSW BCE-50NNE LAS-60NNW ELY-20WNW BVL AREA TS MOV FROM 24020KT. TOPS TO FL300.
- AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist, fog). Over the first 538 nm of the route.
- AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 24,000 ft to 33,000 ft. Over the first 139 nm of the route.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, mist). Over the route from 70 to 249 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 2W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 727 to 1245 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1165 to 1265 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 1374 to 1613 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) from 34,000 ft to 43,000 ft. Over the route from 1374 to 1713 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 22,000 ft. Over the route from 1404 to 1554 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1454 to 1992 nm out.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 1474 to 2012 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Near the route, 1494 nm along the route.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 12,000 ft. Over the route from 1574 to 1902 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the last 169 nm of the route.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from HPN.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
- B737 at 18,000 ft, 46 nm south, 3:24 am EDT (07:24 UTC): moderate turbulence, remarks: FL180-130. 1414 nm along the route, 46 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
DEN UA /OV DEN330050/TM 0724/FL180/TP B737/TB MOD/RM FL180-130
- Report
- a routine report filed through DEN
- Where
- 50 nm northwest (330°) of DEN
- Time
- 07:24 UTC
- Height
- at 18,000 ft
- Aircraft
- B737
- Turbulence
- moderate
- Remarks
- FL180-130
- A35K at 32,000 ft, 22 nm north, 4:39 am EDT (08:39 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: fdcs zoa. At the destination end, 22 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
OAK UA /OV OAK348024/TM 0839/FL320/TP A35K/TB MOD CHOP/RM FDCS ZOA
- Report
- a routine report filed through OAK
- Where
- 24 nm north (348°) of OAK
- Time
- 08:39 UTC
- Height
- at 32,000 ft
- Aircraft
- A35K
- Turbulence
- moderate chop
- Remarks
- fdcs zoa
- B738 at 1,700 ft, 31 nm south, 2:20 am EDT (06:20 UTC): overcast from 1,700 ft to 2,000 ft, remarks: during the descent. 458 nm along the route, 31 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
TOL UA /OV KTOL/TM 0620/FL017/TP B738/SK OVC017-TOP020/RM DURD
- Report
- a routine report filed through TOL
- Where
- over KTOL
- Time
- 06:20 UTC
- Height
- at 1,700 ft
- Aircraft
- B738
- Sky
- overcast from 1,700 ft, tops 2,000 ft
- Remarks
- during the descent
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 21 forecast points nearest it (JFK, AVP, PSB, BUF, CLE, FWA, MKG, JOT, DBQ, DSM, OMA, ONL, BFF, DEN, RKS, SLC, ELY, BAM, RNO, SAC, SFO). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,500 ft | 270° at 15 kt | +15 kt | 19 °C | 105 kt | 21 h 15 min | 11:22 pm PDT (06:22 UTC) |
| 6,500 ft | 280° at 14 kt | +14 kt | 14 °C | 106 kt | 21 h 03 min | 11:10 pm PDT (06:10 UTC) |
| 8,500 ft | 260° at 15 kt | +16 kt | 9 °C | 104 kt | 21 h 27 min | 11:34 pm PDT (06:34 UTC) |
| 10,500 ft | 250° at 17 kt | +18 kt | 4 °C | 102 kt | 21 h 52 min | 11:59 pm PDT (06:59 UTC) |
| 12,500 ft | 250° at 19 kt | +20 kt | 0 °C | 100 kt | 22 h 19 min | 12:26 am PDT (07:26 UTC) |
| 14,500 ft | 250° at 20 kt | +21 kt | -4 °C | 99 kt | 22 h 32 min | 12:39 am PDT (07:39 UTC) |
| 16,500 ft | 250° at 20 kt | +21 kt | -8 °C | 99 kt | 22 h 32 min | 12:39 am PDT (07:39 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 250° at 20 kt | +22 kt | -11 °C | 98 kt | 22 h 46 min | 12:53 am PDT (07:53 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 260° at 26 kt | +27 kt | -22 °C | 93 kt | 23 h 59 min | 2:06 am PDT (09:06 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 260° at 35 kt | +36 kt | -34 °C | 84 kt | 26 h 34 min | 4:41 am PDT (11:41 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 260° at 41 kt | +44 kt | -39 °C | 76 kt | 29 h 21 min | 7:28 am PDT (14:28 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 260° at 42 kt | +45 kt | -47 °C | 75 kt | 29 h 45 min | 7:52 am PDT (14:52 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JFK | used from 0 nm out; 37 nm from the line | 020/25 | 290/9 12° | 300/12 7° | 320/14 3° | 290/17 -10° | 240/27 -21° | 240/44 -36° | 240/53 -41° | 240/51 -50° |
| AVP | used from 50 nm out; 18 nm from the line | 010/20 | 020/24 11° | 360/19 8° | 350/23 2° | 320/24 -11° | 330/25 -22° | 330/27 -37° | 310/28 -42° | 290/30 -50° |
| PSB | used from 149 nm out; 48 nm from the line | 020/21 12° | 360/28 7° | 360/29 1° | 350/33 -10° | 350/42 -22° | 350/49 -37° | 340/63 -43° | 350/39 -52° | |
| BUF | used from 249 nm out; 81 nm from the line | 300/11 | 330/15 11° | 340/26 8° | 330/28 2° | 340/31 -10° | 340/32 -21° | 340/52 -37° | 340/59 -46° | 330/66 -53° |
| CLE | used from 299 nm out; 55 nm from the line | 310/7 | 350/20 14° | 340/16 9° | 320/21 2° | 320/32 -8° | 330/34 -20° | 330/45 -36° | 320/60 -45° | 320/64 -51° |
| FWA | used from 448 nm out; 83 nm from the line | 270/20 | 300/16 15° | 290/14 10° | 280/17 3° | 290/25 -7° | 280/30 -19° | 280/34 -35° | 290/48 -44° | 300/64 -52° |
| MKG | used from 548 nm out; 57 nm from the line | 260/28 | 260/18 15° | 250/16 9° | 260/22 4° | 280/31 -9° | 270/35 -21° | 270/44 -35° | 270/42 -45° | 290/61 -51° |
| JOT | used from 598 nm out; 54 nm from the line | 250/25 | 260/22 14° | 250/17 9° | 270/21 5° | 280/28 -8° | 280/36 -20° | 270/41 -35° | 280/57 -42° | 290/65 -50° |
| DBQ | used from 697 nm out; 43 nm from the line | 250/27 | 260/23 17° | 240/26 10° | 260/30 4° | 280/26 -9° | 280/36 -21° | 270/41 -36° | 280/52 -41° | 290/67 -48° |
| DSM | used from 847 nm out; 50 nm from the line | 250/47 | 260/25 20° | 240/19 11° | 240/31 5° | 250/26 -9° | 260/38 -20° | 260/47 -34° | 270/58 -37° | 270/61 -47° |
| OMA | used from 946 nm out; 59 nm from the line | 230/47 | 240/33 21° | 230/22 13° | 220/27 5° | 240/35 -8° | 250/43 -21° | 260/47 -33° | 260/59 -36° | 270/58 -46° |
| ONL | used from 1046 nm out; 55 nm from the line | 250/31 22° | 230/27 16° | 220/25 8° | 230/25 -9° | 220/29 -22° | 250/42 -33° | 250/48 -36° | 250/52 -46° | |
| BFF | used from 1245 nm out; 72 nm from the line | 280/28 | 260/39 11° | 240/34 5° | 210/38 -11° | 210/52 -22° | 230/61 -31° | 230/61 -36° | 240/56 -45° | |
| DEN | used from 1444 nm out; 111 nm from the line | 270/24 11° | 230/13 5° | 230/48 -8° | 230/46 -20° | 230/63 -30° | 240/78 -36° | 240/78 -48° | ||
| RKS | used from 1494 nm out; 80 nm from the line | 250/9 | 230/21 -1° | 210/43 -14° | 220/59 -23° | 220/55 -32° | 220/53 -35° | 220/48 -44° | ||
| SLC | used from 1643 nm out; 62 nm from the line | 200/16 | 210/23 4° | 220/34 -3° | 210/40 -16° | 220/66 -23° | 220/64 -31° | 220/57 -36° | 220/50 -43° | |
| ELY | used from 1793 nm out; 58 nm from the line | 210/34 1° | 220/40 -4° | 220/39 -17° | 210/51 -24° | 220/65 -30° | 220/60 -37° | 220/56 -44° | ||
| BAM | used from 1942 nm out; 86 nm from the line | 280/9 -2° | 260/18 -8° | 190/47 -19° | 200/50 -29° | 210/56 -29° | 220/54 -34° | 220/45 -42° | ||
| RNO | used from 1992 nm out; 92 nm from the line | 010/6 | 270/12 -3° | 220/26 -10° | 280/13 -19° | 350/44 -24° | 320/30 -32° | 260/22 -36° | 240/24 -42° | |
| SAC | used from 2141 nm out; 36 nm from the line | L/V | L/V 4° | 340/9 -4° | 340/22 -8° | 360/71 -12° | 360/82 -23° | 350/58 -37° | 310/30 -40° | 270/25 -44° |
| SFO | used from 2191 nm out; 29 nm from the line | 090/9 | 050/12 4° | 010/17 -2° | 350/34 -3° | 360/70 -11° | 360/75 -22° | 350/57 -38° | 330/37 -42° | 280/25 -44° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HPN White Plains, NY | departure | VFR | from the north (010°) at 8 knots | 10+ mi | none | 439 ft | 4:56 am EDT (08:56 UTC) |
| AVP Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, PA | 90 nm out, 3 nm west of the line, tower | marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 1,200 feet | calm | 10+ mi | 1,200 ft | 961 ft | 08:54 UTC |
| DTW Detroit, MI | 438 nm out, 8 nm north of the line, tower | IFR Sky: overcast at 700 feet | from the west-southwest (240°) at 6 knots | 10+ mi | 700 ft | 645 ft | 08:53 UTC |
| AZO Kalamazoo, MI | 538 nm out, 3 nm northeast of the line, tower | marginal VFR Weather: mist | from the south (180°) at 5 knots | 4 mi | none | 873 ft | 08:53 UTC |
| RFD Chicago/Rockford, IL | 697 nm out, 7 nm southeast of the line, tower | VFR Sky: a broken layer at 25,000 feet | from the south-southeast (160°) at 4 knots | 10+ mi | 25,000 ft | 742 ft | 08:54 UTC |
| SUX Sioux City, IA | 1016 nm out, 15 nm north of the line, tower | VFR | calm | 10+ mi | none | 1,098 ft | 08:52 UTC |
| TIF Thedford, NE | 1205 nm out, 7 nm north of the line | low IFR Sky: overcast at 300 feet | from the east (100°) at 7 knots | 7 mi | 300 ft | 2,925 ft | 08:55 UTC |
| CYS Cheyenne, WY | 1404 nm out, 15 nm southeast of the line, tower | VFR | from the west (260°) at 20 knots, gusting to 29 | 10+ mi | none | 6,159 ft | 08:53 UTC |
| PVU Provo, UT | 1723 nm out, 6 nm southeast of the line, tower | VFR Sky: overcast at 6,000 feet | from the east (090°) at 4 knots | 10+ mi | 6,000 ft | 4,496 ft | 08:56 UTC |
| ELY Ely, NV | 1872 nm out, 20 nm south of the line | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 8,500 feet | from the south-southwest (210°) at 20 knots, gusting to 31 | 10+ mi | none | 6,259 ft | 08:53 UTC |
| SCK Stockton, CA | 2181 nm out, 7 nm south of the line, tower | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 9,500 feet | from the northeast (050°) at 4 knots | 10+ mi | none | 32 ft | 08:55 UTC |
| OAK Oakland, CA | destination | VFR Sky: a few clouds at 2,000 feet | from the east-southeast (110°) at 5 knots | 10+ mi | none | 9 ft | 1:53 am PDT (08:53 UTC) |
The highest airport on this list sits at 6,259 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At OAK when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 11:10 pm PDT (06:10 UTC)
Wind from the west at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies VFR
The whole forecast for OAK
- From Sun 11:00 pm PDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the south at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 1,500 feet
- From Mon 2:00 am PDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the east-southeast at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 1,500 feet
- From Mon 11:00 am PDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
The forecast for HPN, the departure
- From Mon 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the north-northwest at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 2,000 feet
- At times between Mon 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC) and 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): a broken layer at 900 feet
- From Mon 1:00 pm EDT (17:00 UTC): wind from the north-northwest at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, scattered clouds at 5,000 feet
- From Mon 10:00 pm EDT (02:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 5,000 feet, a few clouds at 15,000 feet
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
- 5/2811 NEW YORK, NY, Monday, October 20, 2025 through Tuesday, October 20, 2026 Local 19 nm from the route, at the departure end · security · until 20 October · ZNY
- 6/8829 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 11 nm from the route, 309 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
- 6/8587 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 11 nm from the route, 309 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
Daylight
Sunset at HPN 6:19 pm EDT (22:19 UTC), at OAK 6:34 pm PDT (01:34 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:00 pm PDT (02:00 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at OAK is after sunset there (6:35 pm PDT (01:35 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads
Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Westchester County, Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport.