Buffalo Niagara International to Republic Airport BUF → FRG
272 nautical miles (313 statute miles) southeast on a straight line, true course 117°, about 128° magnetic at the departure end (variation 11W). At 120 knots that is 1 h 50 min at the quickest height in today's winds (30,000 ft, a 28-knot tailwind), arriving about 3:52 am EDT (07:52 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now BUF is VFR, wind from the south (170°) at 3 knots; FRG is IFR, wind from the north-northeast (020°) at 8 knots, gusting to 18. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 5 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the last 233 nm of the route.
- AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 21,000 ft to 33,000 ft. Over the last 224 nm of the route.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 49 to 185 nm out.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from BUF.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
Not fetched just now.
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 02:00–09:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 4 forecast points nearest it (BUF, SYR, AVP, JFK). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,500 ft | 270° at 7 kt | −6 kt | 126 kt | 2 h 10 min | 4:12 am EDT (08:12 UTC) | |
| 5,500 ft | 310° at 10 kt | −9 kt | 129 kt | 2 h 07 min | 4:09 am EDT (08:09 UTC) | |
| 7,500 ft | 290° at 12 kt | −12 kt | 10 °C | 132 kt | 2 h 04 min | 4:06 am EDT (08:06 UTC) |
| 9,500 ft | 260° at 16 kt | −13 kt | 7 °C | 133 kt | 2 h 03 min | 4:05 am EDT (08:05 UTC) |
| 11,500 ft | 260° at 17 kt | −14 kt | 4 °C | 134 kt | 2 h 02 min | 4:04 am EDT (08:04 UTC) |
| 13,500 ft | 260° at 19 kt | −15 kt | -1 °C | 135 kt | 2 h 01 min | 4:03 am EDT (08:03 UTC) |
| 15,500 ft | 260° at 21 kt | −17 kt | -5 °C | 137 kt | 1 h 59 min | 4:01 am EDT (08:01 UTC) |
| 17,500 ft | 260° at 23 kt | −18 kt | -10 °C | 138 kt | 1 h 58 min | 4:00 am EDT (08:00 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 260° at 23 kt | −19 kt | -11 °C | 139 kt | 1 h 57 min | 3:59 am EDT (07:59 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 250° at 29 kt | −19 kt | -22 °C | 139 kt | 1 h 57 min | 3:59 am EDT (07:59 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 240° at 48 kt | −28 kt | -35 °C | 148 kt | 1 h 50 min | 3:52 am EDT (07:52 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 240° at 60 kt | −28 kt | -41 °C | 148 kt | 1 h 50 min | 3:52 am EDT (07:52 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 240° at 58 kt | −29 kt | -50 °C | 149 kt | 1 h 50 min | 3:52 am EDT (07:52 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 00:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 06:00 UTC for use 02:00 to 09:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BUF | used from 0 nm out; 24 nm from the line | 320/10 | 010/16 10° | 360/10 6° | 340/13 2° | 330/22 -11° | 300/25 -23° | 320/31 -38° | 300/29 -44° | 280/36 -50° |
| SYR | used from 49 nm out; 68 nm from the line | 280/13 | 350/18 10° | 340/10 6° | 300/15 1° | 280/17 -12° | 270/16 -23° | 280/25 -38° | 250/40 -42° | 240/53 -50° |
| AVP | used from 97 nm out; 47 nm from the line | 150/5 | 350/13 12° | 270/20 8° | 260/17 4° | 260/25 -11° | 240/31 -22° | 240/54 -35° | 230/61 -41° | 240/55 -49° |
| JFK | used from 195 nm out; 44 nm from the line | 250/18 | 250/23 14° | 240/33 9° | 240/33 4° | 240/38 -10° | 240/45 -21° | 230/86 -32° | 230/102 -40° | 230/84 -51° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BUF Buffalo, NY | departure | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 12,000 feet, a broken layer at 14,000 feet | from the south (170°) at 3 knots | 10+ mi | 14,000 ft | 726 ft | 1:54 am EDT (05:54 UTC) |
| GVQ Batavia, NY | 19 nm out, 16 nm northeast of the line | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 4,000 feet | from the west-northwest (290°) at 22 knots, gusting to 27 | 10+ mi | none | 913 ft | 14:56 UTC |
| DSV Dansville, NY | 49 nm out, 2 nm east of the line | marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 1,700 feet | calm | 10+ mi | 1,700 ft | 659 ft | 05:54 UTC |
| ELM Elmira/Corning, NY | 97 nm out, 5 nm west of the line, tower | low IFR Sky: overcast at 200 feet | calm | 10+ mi | 200 ft | 955 ft | 05:53 UTC |
| AVP Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, PA | 165 nm out, 21 nm southwest of the line, tower | marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 1,400 feet | calm | 10+ mi | 1,400 ft | 961 ft | 05:54 UTC |
| SWF New York, NY | 224 nm out, 24 nm northeast of the line, tower | marginal VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 700 feet, overcast at 2,000 feet | from the north-northeast (030°) at 9 knots | 7 mi | 2,000 ft | 490 ft | 05:45 UTC |
| LGA New York, NY | 253 nm out, 8 nm southwest of the line, tower | IFR Sky: a broken layer at 900 feet, overcast at 1,400 feet | from the north (010°) at 10 knots | 10+ mi | 900 ft | 20 ft | 05:51 UTC |
| FRG Farmingdale, NY | destination | IFR Sky: overcast at 700 feet | from the north-northeast (020°) at 8 knots, gusting to 18 | 10+ mi | 700 ft | 81 ft | 1:53 am EDT (05:53 UTC) |
The highest airport on this list sits at 961 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At FRG when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 3:52 am EDT (07:52 UTC)
FRG has no terminal forecast; use the nearest airport that does.
The forecast for BUF, the departure
- From Mon 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility 4 miles, mist, overcast at 2,000 feet
- From Mon 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility 5 miles, mist, overcast at 300 feet
- From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 700 feet
- From Mon 1:00 pm EDT (17:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,500 feet
- From Tue 1:00 am EDT (05:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, a few clouds at 12,000 feet
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
- 5/2811 NEW YORK, NY, Monday, October 20, 2025 through Tuesday, October 20, 2026 Local 11 nm from the route, 253 nm along the route · security · until 20 October · ZNY
Daylight
Sunset at BUF 6:37 pm EDT (22:37 UTC), at FRG 6:18 pm EDT (22:18 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:45 pm EDT (22:45 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at FRG is before sunrise there (7:01 am EDT (11:01 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads
Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Buffalo Niagara International, Republic Airport.