The U.S. aircraft register, updated daily
Parts · Heating, ice protection and utility systems

Pump

1,989 failure reports named the pump in the last ten years, 6,835 since 1995, most often on the Boeing 737; the condition most often found was "failed". 749 FAA approvals let 25 companies make a replacement pump, Parker Hannifin CORP holding the most (168). The reports call it "pump", "pump assy", "pump,fuel".

Reports by year

07114221328419952000200520102015202020251382026
Reports by year, as a table
reports
1995101
1996176
1997168
1998238
1999247
2000260
2001259
2002284
2003282
2004241
2005238
2006222
2007210
2008226
2009241
2010218
2011264
2012215
2013275
2014223
2015258
2016184
2017202
2018177
2019226
2020137
2021169
2022160
2023142
2024192
2025262
2026138

How it failed the condition found, last ten years

failed468leaking341inoperative205faulted181low pressure160malfunctioned134faulty126defective47damaged28warning message25
Conditions found, as a table
reports
failed468
leaking341
inoperative205
faulted181
low pressure160
malfunctioned134
faulty126
defective47
damaged28
warning message25

Engines most often reporting it

Approved replacement parts 749 parts manufacturer approvals

A parts manufacturer approval (PMA) lets a company other than the aircraft's maker make a pump and sell it as an approved part for the models named. These are the companies holding such approvals for a pump:

For these models most: Boeing 737 (78), Boeing 747 (47), Boeing 727 (47), Bombardier CL-600 Challenger and CRJ (34), Boeing 767 (24), Boeing 787 Dreamliner (18), Boeing 777 (17), Boeing 707 (15), Piper PA-34 Seneca (13), Boeing 757 (13), Mooney M-20 (12), Bell 214 (12).

MakerPartReplacesFitsGrantedStatus
Jamco America INCPUMP ED007500-1Modification PartThe Boeing Company 787-92025-10-16current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic, Variable Delivery 66132-0566132-05The Boeing Company 777F Series2025-09-24current
Aero Accessories LLCPump (28v) A76284C291506-0102477003Textron Aviation Inc. 172RG serial number 172RG0605 thru 172RG08902025-03-12current
Aero Accessories LLCPump (28v) A76284C291506-0102477003Textron Aviation Inc. R182 serial number R18200584 thru R182016282025-03-12current
Aero Accessories LLCPump (28v) A76284C291506-0102477003Textron Aviation Inc. 177B serial number 17702673 & ON2025-03-12current
Aero Accessories LLCPump (28v) A76284C291506-010247700305D92Textron Aviation Inc. T303 serial number T30300001 thru T303001832025-03-12current
Aero Accessories LLCPump (14v) A818421216012-1480502476459Textron Aviation Inc. 177, 177A, 177B serial number...2025-03-12current
Aero Accessories LLCPump, Fluid A76411Beechcraft58-920054-5478587Textron Aviation Inc. Where installed on: C23 (M-2179 and on)2025-02-20current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76088Piper 481-678Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-23,...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A78360Piper 481-666Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-23,...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 310; Serial 310G0001 thru 310P0179...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 310Q, 310R, 3352025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. Navy T-34C s/n GL-1 and later2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 411; Serial 411-0001 and on which...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 402; Serial 402-0001 thru 402A0069...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A78360Piper 481-666Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-38-1122025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 200T s/n BT-1 thru BT-162025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. F411; Serial all F411-0250 aircraft...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 401; Serial 401-0001 thru 401A0085 ....2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 95-55, 95-A55, 95-B552025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. F902025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft476284Textron Aviation Inc. C90, C90GT2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. Where installed on: B95A, D95A, E952025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284476439Textron Aviation Inc. A65, 65-B80, 702025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 99, 99A, A99A2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 60, A60, B602025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411True Flight Holdings LLC 480564True Flight Holdings LLC Where installed on: AG-5B2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A78360True Flight Holdings LLC 478360401126-1True Flight Holdings LLC Where installed on: AA-1, AA-1A, AA-1B2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 100 and A100, s/n B-1 thru B-2472025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 401B, 402B, 402C2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284 Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. Navy T-44A2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 3402025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 320; Serial 320A0001 and on . which...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 6502025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 525, 550 and 5602025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 200 s/n BB-2 thru BB-6652025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80543Piper 481-701Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-32-2602025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A78360Piper 481-666Piper Aircraft PA-24, PA-24-2502025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A78360Piper 481-666Piper Aircraft PA-28-140, PA-28-150, PA-28-1512025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. E310; All E310J and E310H aircraft...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 3352025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 200C s/n BL-1 thru BL-92025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80543Piper 481-842Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-44-1802025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Inc. 421; Serial 421-0001 thru 421A0111...2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80543Piper 481-701Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-28-235, PA-28-2362025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76088Piper 461-740Piper Aircraft PA-28-140, PA-28-150, PA-28-1512025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411Textron Beechcraft 58-920054-9476411Textron Aviation Inc. Where installed on: B95A, D95A2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80591Textron Beechcraft 58-920054-3 480591477983Textron Aviation Inc. Where installed on: B19, C232025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284Textron Aviation Inc. 60, A60, B602025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft 476284476439Textron Aviation Inc. Where installed on: B95A, D95A2025-01-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump, Fluid A78360True Flight Holdings, LLC 401126-1True Flight Holdings AA-5, AA-5A, AA-5B2024-11-14current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Piper Aircraft PA-34-200T when STC SA2205SW is...2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284-1Textron Cessna 9910088-39910004-39910004-12C291506-0101Textron Aviation 310P, 310Q, 3372024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80591-1Textron Beechcraft 48059147798358-920054-3Textron Aviation Where installed on: B19, C24R2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Piper Aircraft PA-31-325, PA-31-350 when STC...2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411-1Textron Beechcraft 47641158-920054-9Textron Aviation Where installed on: B95, B95A.2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Textron Aviation Where installed on: 401, 401A, 401B2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Piper Aircraft PA-31 when STC SA1305SW is installed.2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Textron Aviation 310K, 310L, 310N2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411-1Textron Cessna 5118721-16508091-16508092-16508092-4Textron Aviation 310P, 310Q, 310R2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Textron Aviation 152, A152, F1522024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Textron Aviation 172N, 172P, 172Q when STC SA615NE is...2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284-1Textron Beechcraft 47628447643958-920054-11Textron Aviation Where installed on: 95-B55, 58, G582024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Textron Aviation 320D, 320E, 320F2024-09-06current
Aero Accessories LLCPump, Fluid A78360Piper 481-666True Flight Holdings AA-5, A-5A, AA-5B2024-08-26current
Aero Accessories LLCPump, Fluid A80543SOCATA(Morane Saulnier)746-410480-543480-543EDaher MS 880B, MS 885, MS 894A2024-08-08current
Parker Hannifin CORPPUMP, DC MOTOR, BRUSHLESS 53110-0353110-03Bombardier Inc. BD-100-1A102024-07-30current
Aero Accessories LLCPump, Fluid A76284Beechcraft58-920054-5478587Textron Aviation Inc. Where installed on: C23 (M-2179 and on)2024-07-16current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A78360481666478360PiperAircraft 2024-04-23current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A8184248184240007PiperAircraft PA-34-200T, PA-34-220T2024-04-23current
Aero Accessories LLCPump (14v) A8059147798358-920054-3480591Textron Aviation C24R, 762024-04-23current
Aero Accessories LLCPump4764116508092-4Textron Aviation Inc. S5502024-04-23current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80543480543481701PiperAircraft PA-44-180T2024-04-23current
Aero Accessories LLCPump (28v) A7628447858758-920054-5476439C291506-01010813841-3476284Textron Aviation Inc. C24R, 76, E18S2024-04-23current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80563481726480563PiperAircraft PA-31, PA-31-300, PA-31-3252024-04-23current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump Assy, Auxiliary Hydraulic 66157-016629201000-007Learjet Inc. Model 45 (Learjet 45)2024-03-11current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hyd, Var Delivery 627100-1001627100-1001Bombardier Inc. BD-700-2A122024-03-11current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic, Variable 65078-016600301-3Learjet Inc. Model 31 (Learjet 31), Model 35...2024-03-11current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump Assy, Auxiliary Hydraulic 66157-026629201000-013Learjet Inc. Model 45 (Learjet 40), Model 45...2024-03-11current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic 661376607066-1Learjet Inc. Model 60 (Learjet 60)2024-03-11current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic, Variable Delivery 630400-1001GX472-1010-1Bombardier Inc. BD-700-1A10, BD-700-1A112024-03-11current
Woodward INCPUMP, MAIN FUEL 6970-1412496M32P06CFM International S.A. LEAP-1C28, LEAP-1C30, LEAP-1C30B12023-12-13current
Woodward INCPUMP, MAIN FUEL 6970-1252496M32P05CFM International S.A. LEAP-1C28, LEAP-1C30, LEAP-1C30B12023-12-13current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80591-1Textron Beechcraft 480591,477983,58-920054-3Textron Aviation B19, C24R2023-10-26current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Textron Aviation 401, 401A, 401B2023-10-26current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76284-1Textron Beechcraft...Textron Aviation Where installed on: 95-B55, 58, G582023-10-26current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A80564Griggs Aircraft Refinishing, LLC 480564480563Piper Aircraft Inc. PA-31-325, PA-31-350 when STC...2023-10-26current
Aero Accessories LLCPump A76411-1Textron Beechcraft 476411,58-920054-9Textron...Textron Aviation B95, B95A, 310P2023-10-26current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic 53098-0753098-07Airbus A350-10412023-05-22current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron BeechcraftP/N:476284 Textron Aviation Beechcraft 95-55, 95-A55, 95-B552023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76411True Flight Holdings LLC (American General)P/N:480564True Flight Holdings... Where installed on: AG-5B2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron BeechcraftP/N:476284 Textron Aviation Beechcraft F902023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron BeechcraftP/N:476284476439 Textron Aviation Beechcraft A65, 65-B80, 702023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76088Piper P/N:461-740 The New Piper Aircraft PA-28-140, PA-28-150, PA-28-1512023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron BeechcraftP/N:476284 Textron Aviation Beechcraft C90, C90GT2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A80543Piper P/N:481-842The New Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-44-1802023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A78360True Flight Holdings LLC (American...True Flight Holdings... Where installed on: AA-1, AA-1A, AA-1B2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A78360Piper P/N:481-666 The New Piper Aircraft PA-24, PA-24-2502023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A78360Piper P/N:481-666 The New Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-23,...2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron BeechcraftP/N:476284 Textron Aviation Beechcraft Where installed on: B95A, D95A, E952023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna P/N:4764116508092-16508091-1Textron Aviation Cessna 3352023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A78360Piper P/N:481-666The New Piper Aircraft PA-28-140, PA-28-150, PA-28-1512023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron BeechcraftP/N:476284 Textron Aviation Beechcraft 60, A60, B602023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76411Textron CessnaP/N:4764116508092-16508091-1Textron Aviation Cessna 3402023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna P/N:476411 6508091-16508092-1Textron Aviation Cessna All aircraft listed below which have...2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76411Textron Cessna P/N:4764116508091-1 6508092-1Textron Aviation Cessna 310Q, 310R, 3352023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron CessnaP/N:47642846508092-16508091-1Textron Aviation Cessna 3402023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A80543Piper P/N:481-701The New Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-28-2362023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76411Textron Beechcraft P/N:58-920054-9476411Textron Aviation Beechcraft Where installed on: B95A, D95A2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76284Textron Beechcraft P/N:476284476439Textron Aviation Beechcraft Where installed on: B95A, D95A2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A76088Piper P/N:481-678 The New Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-23,...2023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A78360Piper P/N:481-666The New Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-38-1122023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A80543Piper P/N:481-701The New Piper Aircraft Where installed on: PA-32-2602023-04-06current
Aero Accessories, LLCPump A80591Textron Beechcraft P/N:58-920054-3 480591477983Textron Aviation Beechcraft Where installed on: B19, C232023-04-06current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic 53065-09S651Z110The Boeing Company 787-10, 787-8, 787-92023-03-13current
Adams Rite Aerospace INCPump 76229-176229-1Dassault Aviation Falcon 7X, Falcon 2000EX, Falcon 900EX2023-03-07current
Honeywell International INC.Pump 3268792-9S217T002-18The Boeing Company 767-300 Series2023-02-22current
Honeywell International INC.Pump 3268792-9S217T002-18The Boeing Company 767-200 Series2023-02-17current
Honeywell International INC.Pump 3268792-7S271T002-16The Boeing Company 767-200 Series2023-02-17current
Honeywell International INC.Pump 3268792-5S271T002-13The Boeing Company 767-200 Series2023-02-17current
Honeywell International INC.Pump 3268792-6S271T002-15The Boeing Company 767-200 Series2023-02-17current
Honeywell International INC.Pump, Jet 131410-1959.90.91.161Pilatus Aircraft Limited PC-12, PC-12/45, PC-12/472023-01-07current
Honeywell International INC.Pump, Jet 132020-2132020-2Mitsubishi Heavy... MU-2B2022-10-05current
Lear Romec Division Crane COPump, Lube and Scavenge LR48000A27100-Q0A-A000GE Honda Aero Engines HF1202022-07-18current
Miraj CorporationPump, Scavenge M712801712801MHI RJ Aviation ULC CL-600-2B19 (Regional Jet Series 100 & 440)2022-06-08current
Miraj CorporationPump, Scavenge M712801712801Bombardier Inc. CL-600-1A11 (600), CL-600-2A12...2022-06-08current
Woodward INCPUMP, MAIN FUEL 6970-1412496M32P06CFM International S.A. LEAP-1A23, LEAP-1A24E1, LEAP-1A242022-04-14current
Lear Romec Division of Hydro-Aire, INC.Pump, Lube & Scavenge LR48430AGeneral Electric Company P/N: 2647M40P02General Electric... General Electric Company...2021-11-03current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Engine Driven Hydraulic, Variable 53108-0253108-02Airbus Canada... BD-500-1A10, BD-500-1A112021-11-02current
Monogram SystemsPUMP, POTABLE WATER 77000-60077000-600Boeing 787-10, 787-8, 787-92021-09-30current
Eaton Industrial CorporationPump, Fuel 850200-3850200-3Rolls-Royce TRENT XWB-75TRENT XWB-79 TRENT...2021-05-13current
Honeywell International INC. Honeywell AerospacePump 31802003180200Boeing DC-10-10, DC-10-40, DC-10-302021-04-21current
Lear Romec Division Crane COPump, Oil – Lube & Scavenge LR476902233M80P01The General Electric Company CF34-10A16 CF34-10A16-B2021-01-25current
C J Aviation, INC.Pump, Fuel Boost 4150-00-1NVCJBeechcraft P/N96-380020-1Dukes P/N4150-00-1Textron Aviation (Beechcraft) 95-A55, 95-B55, 95-B55A2021-01-21current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic 6608766087Boeing 737-8, 737-92020-10-18current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic 57186-1157186-11Boeing 737-92020-10-18current
Wencor LLCPump, Scavenge 712801WE712801Bombardier CL-600-2A12 (CL-601), CL-600-2B16...2020-10-15current
Hartzell Engine Technologies LLCPump, Fuel Assembly 500F-0002Lear Romec RG34720H/MPiper Aircraft, Inc PA-46-600TP2020-09-13current
Hartzell Engine Technologies LLCPump, Fuel Assembly 500F-0001Lear Romec RG34720G/MPiper Aircraft, Inc PA-46-500TP2020-07-28current
Lear Romec Division Crane COPump, Oil Unit LR48530ARolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG P/N: LR48530ARolls-Royce... Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG...2020-05-06current
Pma Products INCPump CA6508092-1ATextron Aviation (Cessna) 476411, 6508091-1,...Textron Aviation, Inc. All aircraft listed below which...2019-12-03current
Parker Hannifin CORPPump, Hydraulic, Variable Delivery 57186-12S276A100-2Boeing 737-100 Series, 737-200 Series,...2019-09-08current
Aero Fluid ProductsPump, Fuel Electric & Shutoff 1499-00-21A1499-00-21AMooney International... M20C, M20D, M20G2019-03-11current
Aero Fluid ProductsPump, Auxiliary Fuel Boost 4140-00-17Cessna 291504-0101Textron Aviation Inc. 152, 172, 182R2019-03-11current
Aero Fluid ProductsPump, Auxiliary Fuel Boost 4140-00-15Cessna C291504-0201Textron Aviation Inc. 172, 182, 182R2019-03-11current
Aero Fluid ProductsPump, 2- Speed, Fuel, Electric 12 VDC 5367-00-15367-00-1Diamond Aircraft... DA20-C12019-03-11current
Aero Fluid ProductsPump, Fuel Electric, 12 VDC 1499-00-19A1499-00-19AMooney International... M20E, M20F, M20J2019-03-11current
Eaton Industrial CorporationPump, Fuel 829500-9General Electric Company (dba GE-Aviation)...General Electric Company CF34-8C1, CF34-8C5, CF34-8C5A12019-02-27current
Eaton Industrial CorporationPump, Fuel 829500-10General Electric Company (dba GE-Aviation)...General Electric Company CF34-8C1, CF34-8C5, CF34-8C5A12019-02-27current
Aero Fluid ProductsPump, Fuel Electric, 24vdc 5100-00-95100-00-9Diamond Aircraft... DA 40, DA 40F) Diamond Aircraft...2019-02-20current

The first 150 of 400.

Sources: the FAA's service difficulty reports since 1995 (a report is a part that failed and was fixed, as filed by an airline, repair station or owner; the count shows reporting as much as reliability) and the parts manufacturer approvals in the FAA's Dynamic Regulatory System. The part name is the reporters' and the approval holders' own words, reduced to the first plain words so that spellings meet.