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Accidents · NTSB ERA20CA227 · Final report

Cessna 172 accident near Churchville, Maryland, June 19, 2020

On June 19, 2020 at about 5:45 pm local time, a 1974 Cessna 172, registered N21585, was substantially damaged in an accident during landing (flare/touchdown) near Churchville, Maryland (Harford County airport). It was an instructional flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). No one was hurt; 1 person was on board or involved. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

The student pilot's improper landing flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing in gusty wind conditions, which resulted in a hard landing.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
June 19, 2020 · about 5:45 pm local time
Place
Churchville, Maryland · Harford County · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
No one was hurt; 1 person was on board or involved.
Weather
visual conditions (good weather)
Aircraft
Cessna 172 M, built 1974 · all 172s on the register
Registration
N21585 · registry record · serial 17263978
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

The student pilot was practicing takeoffs and landings in the airport traffic pattern and had previously completed two previous successful landings while flying with his flight instructor. The flight instructor then disembarked, and the student took off for what would be his second solo flight. After one successful landing, he approached the runway for a second. His approach to final was normal and stabilized and the student transitioned to landing. Upon contact with the runway the airplane bounced and became airborne, then touched down again, but this time nosewheel first which made the airplane bounce again and became airborne. The student applied full power to go around, then hesitated, and reduced power to attempt to recover the landing. The airplane immediately descended and struck the ground hard. The student attempted to slow down by pulling back on the control wheel and simultaneously applying the brakes. The airplane veered off the left side of the runway, stopped abruptly, and tipped up onto its nose. The airplane’s left wing was substantially damaged during the accident. The operator reported that there were no mechanical failures or malfunctions of the airplane that would have precluded normal operation, nor did the student pilot or flight instructor report any in their provided written statements. The student also reported that the wind gusts on the accident landing approach were higher than the previous approaches, and while on final over the runway, “…it was as if the wind had been taken out from under the wings, resulting in the accelerated decent rate.” He added that he was reluctant to pull back on the control wheel, as a stall could have resulted.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

What happened, in order

  1. Abnormal runway contact during landing (flare/touchdown) defining event

The NTSB's findings

  • cause Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability › Performance/control parameters › Landing flare › Not attained/maintained
  • cause Personnel issues › Task performance › Use of equip/info › Aircraft control › Student/instructed pilot
  • cause Personnel issues › Action/decision › Action › Incorrect action performance › Student/instructed pilot
  • Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena › Wind › Gusts › Effect on operation

Dual student

  • Certificate: student
  • Flight time: 22.3 hours in all; 20.3 in this make and model; 5.4 in the last 90 days; 2.9 in the last 30 days; 1.2 as pilot in command
  • Medical certificate: Class 1 (without waivers/limitations)
  • Seat: left
  • Injury: no injuries

The aircraft

  • Airframe total time: 4,193.3 hours
  • Last inspection: annual inspection, June 1, 2020; 30 hours since
  • Maximum gross weight: 2,300 lb
  • Seats: 4
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Lycoming O-320-E2D (piston); 6,318 hours total
  • Operator: Harford Air Services

The flight

  • Departed from: 0W3 Churchville MD at 5:20 pm
  • Destination: 0W3 Churchville MD
  • Flight plan: none
  • Runway 19, 2,856 ft by 75 ft

Weather at the time

  • Light: daylight
  • Wind: from 220° at 10 knots
  • Visibility: 10 statute miles
  • Sky: broken clouds at 15,000 ft; scat at 3,000 ft
  • Temperature: 81°F (27°C), dew point 68°F (20°C)
  • Altimeter: 30.06 inHg
  • Observation at 5:58 pm from APG, 9 miles away

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Flight crew1

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

3 documents, released by the NTSB on January 22, 2021. View them here, or download them; the NTSB redacts some personal details before release, and this site shows the NTSB's own titles rather than its file names.

The same docket at the NTSB · documents without a copy here are fetched from the NTSB when you open them.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.