Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport to Joe Foss Field OAK → FSD
1,207 nautical miles (1,389 statute miles) northeast on a straight line, true course 065°, about 051° magnetic at the departure end (variation 14E). At 120 knots that is 7 h 09 min at the quickest height in today's winds (39,000 ft, a 49-knot tailwind), arriving about 9:16 am CDT (14:16 UTC). For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the first 110 nm of the route.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 239 to 778 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 259 to 758 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 379 to 878 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 38,000 ft. Over the route from 559 to 928 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Over the route from 659 to 748 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 669 to 828 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 918 to 1068 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 3W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Near the route, 1028 nm along the route.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from OAK.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
Not fetched just now.
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 02:00–09:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 13 forecast points nearest it (SFO, SAC, RNO, BAM, ELY, SLC, RKS, LND, BFF, RAP, PIR, ONL, FSD). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5,500 ft | 190° at 12 kt | −5 kt | 18 °C | 125 kt | 9 h 39 min | 11:46 am CDT (16:46 UTC) |
| 7,500 ft | 210° at 19 kt | −12 kt | 8 °C | 132 kt | 9 h 09 min | 11:16 am CDT (16:16 UTC) |
| 9,500 ft | 220° at 21 kt | −16 kt | 5 °C | 136 kt | 8 h 52 min | 10:59 am CDT (15:59 UTC) |
| 11,500 ft | 220° at 23 kt | −19 kt | 1 °C | 139 kt | 8 h 41 min | 10:48 am CDT (15:48 UTC) |
| 13,500 ft | 220° at 25 kt | −21 kt | -3 °C | 141 kt | 8 h 34 min | 10:41 am CDT (15:41 UTC) |
| 15,500 ft | 220° at 27 kt | −22 kt | -7 °C | 142 kt | 8 h 30 min | 10:37 am CDT (15:37 UTC) |
| 17,500 ft | 220° at 28 kt | −24 kt | -11 °C | 144 kt | 8 h 23 min | 10:30 am CDT (15:30 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 220° at 28 kt | −24 kt | -12 °C | 144 kt | 8 h 23 min | 10:30 am CDT (15:30 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 220° at 34 kt | −29 kt | -23 °C | 149 kt | 8 h 06 min | 10:13 am CDT (15:13 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 220° at 42 kt | −36 kt | -31 °C | 156 kt | 7 h 44 min | 9:51 am CDT (14:51 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 230° at 49 kt | −47 kt | -36 °C | 167 kt | 7 h 14 min | 9:21 am CDT (14:21 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 240° at 51 kt | −49 kt | -44 °C | 169 kt | 7 h 09 min | 9:16 am CDT (14:16 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 00:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 06:00 UTC for use 02:00 to 09:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFO | used from 0 nm out; 34 nm from the line | 120/13 | 090/14 5° | 040/14 -1° | 350/17 -5° | 360/42 -14° | 360/64 -23° | 350/38 -32° | 300/19 -37° | 250/18 -44° |
| SAC | used from 50 nm out; 37 nm from the line | 110/6 | L/V 4° | 010/11 -2° | 350/11 -7° | 340/24 -16° | 360/44 -23° | 330/24 -30° | 270/21 -35° | 230/23 -43° |
| RNO | used from 100 nm out; 56 nm from the line | 010/9 | 320/10 -2° | 210/23 -9° | 210/34 -19° | 220/36 -25° | 230/31 -29° | 230/41 -33° | 230/38 -42° | |
| BAM | used from 249 nm out; 64 nm from the line | 310/7 0° | 270/19 -7° | 200/38 -17° | 190/49 -28° | 220/69 -29° | 220/63 -33° | 230/48 -41° | ||
| ELY | used from 299 nm out; 56 nm from the line | 200/39 3° | 210/27 -2° | 210/45 -15° | 220/56 -24° | 210/60 -28° | 210/63 -34° | 220/61 -43° | ||
| SLC | used from 449 nm out; 37 nm from the line | 200/5 | 230/8 2° | 220/20 -2° | 210/40 -12° | 190/53 -25° | 210/62 -30° | 220/69 -34° | 220/64 -43° | |
| RKS | used from 599 nm out; 27 nm from the line | 200/41 | 220/44 1° | 220/35 -11° | 220/46 -24° | 210/53 -27° | 220/62 -35° | 230/61 -44° | ||
| LND | used from 748 nm out; 110 nm from the line | 200/23 6° | 220/31 1° | 220/39 -11° | 230/39 -23° | 220/51 -28° | 220/66 -37° | 230/68 -45° | ||
| BFF | used from 798 nm out; 82 nm from the line | 180/28 | 220/33 15° | 210/31 7° | 230/32 -9° | 220/41 -21° | 220/40 -33° | 240/47 -36° | 250/54 -46° | |
| RAP | used from 948 nm out; 82 nm from the line | 180/23 12° | 200/38 13° | 210/38 6° | 220/28 -10° | 230/34 -21° | 230/37 -36° | 250/52 -38° | 250/59 -46° | |
| PIR | used from 998 nm out; 84 nm from the line | 170/22 19° | 190/25 13° | 210/32 6° | 240/23 -9° | 250/32 -21° | 250/38 -36° | 260/44 -40° | 260/52 -47° | |
| ONL | used from 1048 nm out; 66 nm from the line | 210/31 20° | 230/27 13° | 230/18 7° | 220/19 -8° | 240/26 -20° | 250/44 -35° | 270/52 -39° | 260/57 -47° | |
| FSD | used from 1147 nm out; 35 nm from the line | 190/9 | 230/30 18° | 240/23 13° | 240/20 6° | 260/22 -9° | 250/31 -21° | 250/43 -36° | 260/49 -43° | 270/53 -47° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OAK Oakland, CA | departure | no report just now | 9 ft | ||||
| LVK Livermore, CA | 20 nm out, 10 nm south of the line, tower | no report just now | 399 ft | ||||
| GAB Gabbs, NV | 210 nm out, 15 nm southeast of the line | no report just now | 4,699 ft | ||||
| TMT Austin, NV | 259 nm out, 3 nm northwest of the line | no report just now | 5,735 ft | ||||
| ENV Wendover, UT | 419 nm out, 21 nm north of the line | no report just now | 4,236 ft | ||||
| SLC Salt Lake City, UT | 509 nm out, 6 nm southeast of the line, tower | no report just now | 4,230 ft | ||||
| RKS Rock Springs, WY | 649 nm out, 2 nm northeast of the line | no report just now | 6,764 ft | ||||
| RWL Rawlins, WY | 738 nm out, 11 nm south of the line | no report just now | 6,816 ft | ||||
| GUR Guernsey, WY | 848 nm out, 11 nm south of the line, tower | no report just now | 4,401 ft | ||||
| GRN Gordon, NE | 968 nm out, 5 nm south of the line | no report just now | 3,562 ft | ||||
| MHE Mitchell, SD | 1157 nm out, 20 nm north of the line | no report just now | 1,304 ft | ||||
| FSD Sioux Falls, SD | destination | no report just now | 1,430 ft |
The highest airport on this list sits at 6,816 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At FSD when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 9:16 am CDT (14:16 UTC)
FSD has no terminal forecast; use the nearest airport that does.
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
- 6/7231 Santa Clara, CA, Sunday, October 11, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 UTC 22 nm from the route, at the departure end · drones kept away from a public gathering · until 12 October · ZOA
Daylight
Sunset at OAK 6:34 pm PDT (01:34 UTC), at FSD 6:49 pm CDT (23:49 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:17 pm CDT (00:17 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads
Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport, Joe Foss Field.