Plan a flight · Sun 7:36 pm PDT (02:36 UTC)

Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport to Joe Foss Field OAK → FSD

1,207 nautical miles (1,389 statute miles) northeast on a straight line, true course 065°, about 051° magnetic at the departure end (variation 14E). At 120 knots that is 7 h 09 min at the quickest height in today's winds (39,000 ft, a 49-knot tailwind), arriving about 4:45 am CDT (09:45 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now OAK is VFR, wind from the west-southwest (240°) at 10 knots; FSD is VFR, wind calm. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

SIGMET W10W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 30,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 8:55 pm PDT (03:55 UTC). Over the route from 239 to 369 nm out.
as issued
```
WSUS33 KKCI 120155
MKCW WST 120155
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 10W
VALID UNTIL 0355Z
NV
FROM 70SW TWF-40NNW BVL-40SW ELY-30ESE OAL-40WNW OAL-70SW TWF
AREA TS MOV FROM 23020KT. TOPS TO FL300.
```

SIGMET 8W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 35,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 40 knots, until 8:55 pm PDT (03:55 UTC). Over the route from 768 to 868 nm out.

as issued

WSUS33 KKCI 120155
MKCW WST 120155
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 8W
VALID UNTIL 0355Z
CO MT WY
FROM 40N SHR-60WNW RAP-20ENE CYS-30SW CYS-10NW BOY-40N SHR
AREA TS MOV FROM 22040KT. TOPS TO FL350.

AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the first 40 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 15,000 ft. Over the route from 120 to 130 nm out.
AIRMET ZULU 3C: moderate icing up to 22,000 ft. Over the route from 190 to 718 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 36,000 ft. Over the route from 200 to 948 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 259 to 728 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 339 to 868 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 2E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 509 nm along the route.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 589 to 818 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Over the route from 639 to 718 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 988 nm along the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from OAK.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

urgent CRJ2 at 7,000 ft, 46 nm north, 6:04 pm PDT (01:04 UTC): moderate turbulence, remarks: low-level wind shear dept runway 03 gain/loss unknown. 788 nm along the route, 46 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CPR UUA /OV CPR035002/TM 0104/FL070/TP CRJ2/TB CONT MOD TURB/RM LLWS DEPT RY03 GAIN/LOSS UNKN
```
Report
an urgent report filed through CPR
Where
2 nm northeast (035°) of CPR
Time
01:04 UTC
Height
at 7,000 ft
Aircraft
CRJ2
Turbulence
continuous moderate turbulence
Remarks
low-level wind shear dept runway 03 gain/loss unknown
B38M descending, 42 nm northwest, 6:28 pm PDT (01:28 UTC): light chop turbulence, remarks: during the descent runway 35L rno. 150 nm along the route, 42 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
RNO UA /OV KRNO167009/TM 0128/FLUNKN/TP B38M/TB OCNL LGT CHOP/RM DURD RY35L RNO
```
Report
a routine report filed through RNO
Where
9 nm south (167°) of KRNO
Time
01:28 UTC
Height
height not given
Aircraft
B38M
Turbulence
occasional light chop
Remarks
during the descent runway 35L rno
B737 at 16,000 ft, 5 nm southeast, 5:45 pm PDT (00:45 UTC): no turbulence, light rime icing from 13,000 ft to 17,000 ft, 8 °C, remarks: during the climb. 489 nm along the route, 5 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SLC UA /OV TCH230020/TM 0045/FL160/TP B737/TA 8/TB NEG/IC LT RIME 130-170/RM DURC
```
Report
a routine report filed through SLC
Where
20 nm southwest (230°) of TCH
Time
00:45 UTC
Height
at 16,000 ft
Aircraft
B737
Temperature
8 °C
Turbulence
none
Icing
lt rime from 13,000 ft to 17,000 ft
Remarks
during the climb
B38M at 16,000 ft, 4 nm south, 5:06 pm PDT (00:06 UTC): no turbulence, no icing, 13 °C, remarks: during the climb. 499 nm along the route, 4 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SLC UA /OV TCH230015/TM 0006/FL160/TP B38M/TA 13/TB NEG/IC NEG/RM DURC
```
Report
a routine report filed through SLC
Where
15 nm southwest (230°) of TCH
Time
00:06 UTC
Height
at 16,000 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Temperature
13 °C
Turbulence
none
Icing
none
Remarks
during the climb
A321 at 10,000 ft, 21 nm south, 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): light chop turbulence, no icing, remarks: during the descent. 509 nm along the route, 21 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SLC UA /OV TCH165020/TM 0000/FL100/TP A321/TB LGT CHOP/IC NEG/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through SLC
Where
20 nm south (165°) of TCH
Time
00:00 UTC
Height
at 10,000 ft
Aircraft
A321
Turbulence
light chop
Icing
none
Remarks
during the descent
UAL2395 at 37,000 ft, 4 nm east, 5:58 pm PDT (00:58 UTC): no turbulence, wind 240° at 70 knots. 649 nm along the route, 4 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ARP UAL2395 4135N 10900W 0058 F370 240/070KT TB NONE SK CLEAR IC NONE
```
Report
a routine report filed through ARP
CRJ2 at 9,000 ft, 38 nm north, 5:35 pm PDT (00:35 UTC): light chop turbulence, vmc, remarks: occasional moderate turbulence at at 15,000 ft. 768 nm along the route, 38 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CPR UA /OV CPR215015/TM 0035/FL090/TP CRJ2/WX VMC/TB LGT CHOP/RM OCNL MOD TURB AT 150
```
Report
a routine report filed through CPR
Where
15 nm southwest (215°) of CPR
Time
00:35 UTC
Height
at 9,000 ft
Aircraft
CRJ2
Weather
visual conditions
Turbulence
light chop
Remarks
occasional moderate turbulence at at 15,000 ft
B763 at 32,000 ft, 45 nm north, 6:29 pm PDT (01:29 UTC): light to moderate clear-air turbulence, remarks: zdvwc. 1018 nm along the route, 45 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
RAP UA /OV RAP084081/TM 0129/FL320/TP B763/TB OCNL LGT-MOD CAT/RM ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through RAP
Where
81 nm east (084°) of RAP
Time
01:29 UTC
Height
at 32,000 ft
Aircraft
B763
Turbulence
occasional light to moderate clear-air turbulence
Remarks
zdvwc
BE20 at 14,000 ft, 39 nm north, 5:20 pm PDT (00:20 UTC): light turbulence. At the destination end, 39 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FSD UA /OV FSD340035/TM 0020/FL140/TP BE20/TB CONS LGT/ NEG 120
```
Report
a routine report filed through FSD
Where
35 nm north (340°) of FSD
Time
00:20 UTC
Height
at 14,000 ft
Aircraft
BE20
Turbulence
continuous light no at 12,000 ft

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 02:00–09:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 13 forecast points nearest it (SFO, SAC, RNO, BAM, ELY, SLC, RKS, LND, BFF, RAP, PIR, ONL, FSD). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
5,500 ft	190° at 12 kt	−5 kt	18 °C	125 kt	9 h 39 min	7:15 am CDT (12:15 UTC)
7,500 ft	210° at 19 kt	−12 kt	8 °C	132 kt	9 h 09 min	6:45 am CDT (11:45 UTC)
9,500 ft	220° at 21 kt	−16 kt	5 °C	136 kt	8 h 52 min	6:28 am CDT (11:28 UTC)
11,500 ft	220° at 23 kt	−19 kt	1 °C	139 kt	8 h 41 min	6:17 am CDT (11:17 UTC)
13,500 ft	220° at 25 kt	−21 kt	-3 °C	141 kt	8 h 34 min	6:10 am CDT (11:10 UTC)
15,500 ft	220° at 27 kt	−22 kt	-7 °C	142 kt	8 h 30 min	6:06 am CDT (11:06 UTC)
17,500 ft	220° at 28 kt	−24 kt	-11 °C	144 kt	8 h 23 min	5:59 am CDT (10:59 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	220° at 28 kt	−24 kt	-12 °C	144 kt	8 h 23 min	5:59 am CDT (10:59 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	220° at 34 kt	−29 kt	-23 °C	149 kt	8 h 06 min	5:42 am CDT (10:42 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	220° at 42 kt	−36 kt	-31 °C	156 kt	7 h 44 min	5:20 am CDT (10:20 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	230° at 49 kt	−47 kt	-36 °C	167 kt	7 h 14 min	4:50 am CDT (09:50 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	240° at 51 kt	−49 kt	-44 °C	169 kt	7 h 09 min	4:45 am CDT (09:45 UTC)

Based on data from the 12th at 00:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 06:00 UTC for use 02:00 to 09:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
SFO	used from 0 nm out; 34 nm from the line	120/13	090/14 5°	040/14 -1°	350/17 -5°	360/42 -14°	360/64 -23°	350/38 -32°	300/19 -37°	250/18 -44°
SAC	used from 50 nm out; 37 nm from the line	110/6	L/V 4°	010/11 -2°	350/11 -7°	340/24 -16°	360/44 -23°	330/24 -30°	270/21 -35°	230/23 -43°
RNO	used from 100 nm out; 56 nm from the line		010/9	320/10 -2°	210/23 -9°	210/34 -19°	220/36 -25°	230/31 -29°	230/41 -33°	230/38 -42°
BAM	used from 249 nm out; 64 nm from the line			310/7 0°	270/19 -7°	200/38 -17°	190/49 -28°	220/69 -29°	220/63 -33°	230/48 -41°
ELY	used from 299 nm out; 56 nm from the line			200/39 3°	210/27 -2°	210/45 -15°	220/56 -24°	210/60 -28°	210/63 -34°	220/61 -43°
SLC	used from 449 nm out; 37 nm from the line		200/5	230/8 2°	220/20 -2°	210/40 -12°	190/53 -25°	210/62 -30°	220/69 -34°	220/64 -43°
RKS	used from 599 nm out; 27 nm from the line			200/41	220/44 1°	220/35 -11°	220/46 -24°	210/53 -27°	220/62 -35°	230/61 -44°
LND	used from 748 nm out; 110 nm from the line			200/23 6°	220/31 1°	220/39 -11°	230/39 -23°	220/51 -28°	220/66 -37°	230/68 -45°
BFF	used from 798 nm out; 82 nm from the line		180/28	220/33 15°	210/31 7°	230/32 -9°	220/41 -21°	220/40 -33°	240/47 -36°	250/54 -46°
RAP	used from 948 nm out; 82 nm from the line		180/23 12°	200/38 13°	210/38 6°	220/28 -10°	230/34 -21°	230/37 -36°	250/52 -38°	250/59 -46°
PIR	used from 998 nm out; 84 nm from the line		170/22 19°	190/25 13°	210/32 6°	240/23 -9°	250/32 -21°	250/38 -36°	260/44 -40°	260/52 -47°
ONL	used from 1048 nm out; 66 nm from the line		210/31 20°	230/27 13°	230/18 7°	220/19 -8°	240/26 -20°	250/44 -35°	270/52 -39°	260/57 -47°
FSD	used from 1147 nm out; 35 nm from the line	190/9	230/30 18°	240/23 13°	240/20 6°	260/22 -9°	250/31 -21°	250/43 -36°	260/49 -43°	270/53 -47°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
OAK Oakland, CA	departure	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 1,700 feet, a few clouds at 4,400 feet	from the west-southwest (240°) at 10 knots	10+ mi	none	9 ft	6:53 pm PDT (01:53 UTC)
LVK Livermore, CA	20 nm out, 10 nm south of the line, tower	VFR	from the west (280°) at 11 knots	10+ mi	none	399 ft	01:53 UTC
GAB Gabbs, NV	210 nm out, 15 nm southeast of the line	no report just now				4,699 ft
TMT Austin, NV	259 nm out, 3 nm northwest of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 4,900 feet, a broken layer at 6,000 feet, overcast at 10,000 feet	from the north-northwest (330°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	6,000 ft	5,735 ft	02:15 UTC
ENV Wendover, UT	419 nm out, 21 nm north of the line	marginal VFR Sky: a broken layer at 2,800 feet, overcast at 10,000 feet	from the south-southeast (160°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	2,800 ft	4,236 ft	02:24 UTC
SLC Salt Lake City, UT	509 nm out, 6 nm southeast of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 800 feet, a broken layer at 5,000 feet, overcast at 8,000 feet Weather: light rain	from the south (170°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	5,000 ft	4,230 ft	02:30 UTC
RKS Rock Springs, WY	649 nm out, 2 nm northeast of the line	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 11,000 feet	from the south (190°) at 13 knots, gusting to 20	10+ mi	none	6,764 ft	01:54 UTC
RWL Rawlins, WY	738 nm out, 11 nm south of the line	VFR	from the south (180°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	6,816 ft	13:53 UTC
GUR Guernsey, WY	848 nm out, 11 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 4,700 feet, a broken layer at 10,000 feet, a broken layer at 12,000 feet Weather: light rain	from the east-northeast (070°) at 14 knots	9 mi	10,000 ft	4,401 ft	02:23 UTC
GRN Gordon, NE	968 nm out, 5 nm south of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 500 feet	from the east-northeast (070°) at 9 knots, gusting to 14	10+ mi	none	3,562 ft	02:15 UTC
MHE Mitchell, SD	1157 nm out, 20 nm north of the line	VFR	from the northwest (320°) at 10 knots	10+ mi	none	1,304 ft	01:53 UTC
FSD Sioux Falls, SD	destination	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 18,000 feet, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet	calm	10+ mi	none	1,430 ft	8:56 pm CDT (01:56 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 6,816 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At FSD when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 4:45 am CDT (09:45 UTC)

Wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for FSD

From Sun 7:00 pm CDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the west at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 25,000 feet
From Sun 9:00 pm CDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 25,000 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm CDT (04:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet
From Mon 8:00 am CDT (13:00 UTC): wind from the northeast at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 700 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm CDT (19:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
From Mon 4:00 pm CDT (21:00 UTC): wind from the west at 11 knots, gusting to 17, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet

The forecast for OAK, the departure

From Sun 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,000 feet
From Sun 7:00 pm PDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,000 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm PDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the east-southeast at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Mon 3:00 pm PDT (22:00 UTC): wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

6/7231 Santa Clara, CA, Sunday, October 11, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 UTC 22 nm from the route, at the departure end · drones kept away from a public gathering · until 12 October · ZOA
6/6740 SACRAMENTO, CA, Thursday, October 8, 2026 through Sunday, October 11, 2026 Local 20 nm from the route, 60 nm along the route · air shows/sports · ended 11 October · ZOA

Daylight

Sunset at OAK 6:35 pm PDT (01:35 UTC), at FSD 6:49 pm CDT (23:49 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:17 pm CDT (00:17 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at FSD is before sunrise there (7:37 am CDT (12:37 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Pacific Southwest · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the southern Rockies · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the northern Rockies · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport, Joe Foss Field.