Plan a flight · Mon 7:30 am EDT (11:30 UTC)

Buffalo Niagara International to Boeing Fld/King County International BUF → BFI

1,838 nautical miles (2,115 statute miles) northwest on a straight line, true course 294°, about 305° magnetic at the departure end (variation 11W). At 120 knots that is 15 h 27 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 1-knot headwind), arriving about 7:57 pm PDT (02:57 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now BUF is marginal VFR, wind from the west-southwest (250°) at 5 knots; BFI is VFR, wind calm. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 2 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the first 240 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 170 to 330 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 599 to 1478 nm out.
AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 1039 to 1139 nm out.
AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 1149 to 1628 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1319 to 1558 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the route from 1438 to 1808 nm out.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from BUF.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

A321 at 32,000 ft, 48 nm east, 7:04 am EDT (11:04 UTC): light to moderate turbulence, remarks: occasional moderate from syr to iag zob. At the departure end, 48 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV ROC/TM 1104/FL320/TP A321/TB CONS LGT OCNL MOD/RM OCNL MOD FROM SYR TO IAG ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
over ROC
Time
11:04 UTC
Height
at 32,000 ft
Aircraft
A321
Turbulence
continuous light occasional moderate
Remarks
occasional moderate from syr to iag zob
B738 climbing, 0 nm southwest, 6:20 am EDT (10:20 UTC): overcast from 2,500 ft to 4,200 ft; scattered clouds above 700 ft. At the departure end, 0 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BUF UA /OV BUF/TM 1020/FLDURC/TP B738/SK SCT007 OVC025 TOPS042
```
Report
a routine report filed through BUF
Where
over BUF
Time
10:20 UTC
Height
during the climb
Aircraft
B738
Sky
SCT007 OVC025 TOPS042
A319 at 3,000 ft, 42 nm east, 6:17 am EDT (10:17 UTC): overcast above 3,000 ft, remarks: bases 3,000 ft tops 4,000 ft. At the departure end, 42 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV ROC220010/TM 1017/FL030/TP A319/SK 030 OVC/RM BASES 030 TOPS 040
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
10 nm southwest (220°) of ROC
Time
10:17 UTC
Height
at 3,000 ft
Aircraft
A319
Sky
at 3,000 ft overcast
Remarks
bases 3,000 ft tops 4,000 ft
A21N at 35,000 ft, 49 nm southeast, 4:52 am EDT (08:52 UTC): light to moderate chop turbulence, remarks: zob. At the departure end, 49 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV GEE190015/TM 0852/FL350/TP A21N/TB LGHT-MOD CHOP/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
15 nm south (190°) of GEE
Time
08:52 UTC
Height
at 35,000 ft
Aircraft
A21N
Turbulence
lght-mod chop
Remarks
zob
E75L at 20,000 ft, 35 nm south, 6:35 am EDT (10:35 UTC): light to moderate turbulence above 20,000 ft. 649 nm along the route, 35 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JMR UA /OV JMR/TM 1035/FL200/TP E75L/TB CONS LGT OCNL MOD 200
```
Report
a routine report filed through JMR
Where
over JMR
Time
10:35 UTC
Height
at 20,000 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Turbulence
continuous light occasional moderate at 20,000 ft
E75L at 1,300 ft, 16 nm southwest, 7:20 am EDT (11:20 UTC): overcast from 1,300 ft to 2,900 ft. 799 nm along the route, 16 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FAR UA /OV FAR/TM 1120/FL013/TP E75L/SK OVC013-TOP029
```
Report
a routine report filed through FAR
Where
over FAR
Time
11:20 UTC
Height
at 1,300 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Sky
overcast from 1,300 ft, tops 2,900 ft
E75L at 2,200 ft, 7 nm southwest, 6:58 am EDT (10:58 UTC): overcast from 1,300 ft to 2,200 ft. 799 nm along the route, 7 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FAR UA /OV KFAR/TM 1058/FL022/TP E75L/SK OVC013-TOP022
```
Report
a routine report filed through FAR
Where
over KFAR
Time
10:58 UTC
Height
at 2,200 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Sky
overcast from 1,300 ft, tops 2,200 ft
P28A at 4,000 ft, 8 nm south, 5:27 am EDT (09:27 UTC): no turbulence, no icing, overcast from 1,300 ft to 3,800 ft, 10 °C. 819 nm along the route, 8 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FAR UA /OV KFAR270015/TM 0927/FL040/TP P28A/SK OVC013-TOP038/TA 10/TB NEG/IC NEG
```
Report
a routine report filed through FAR
Where
15 nm west (270°) of KFAR
Time
09:27 UTC
Height
at 4,000 ft
Aircraft
P28A
Sky
overcast from 1,300 ft, tops 3,800 ft
Temperature
10 °C
Turbulence
none
Icing
none

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 14 forecast points nearest it (BUF, TVC, GRB, DLH, AXN, GFK, MOT, DIK, GGW, GTF, GPI, GEG, YKM, SEA). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
4,500 ft	270° at 1 kt	+1 kt	0 °C	119 kt	15 h 27 min	7:57 pm PDT (02:57 UTC)
6,500 ft	270° at 4 kt	+4 kt	7 °C	116 kt	15 h 51 min	8:21 pm PDT (03:21 UTC)
8,500 ft	260° at 7 kt	+6 kt	4 °C	114 kt	16 h 07 min	8:37 pm PDT (03:37 UTC)
10,500 ft	250° at 12 kt	+10 kt	1 °C	110 kt	16 h 43 min	9:13 pm PDT (04:13 UTC)
12,500 ft	260° at 16 kt	+14 kt	-2 °C	106 kt	17 h 20 min	9:50 pm PDT (04:50 UTC)
14,500 ft	260° at 17 kt	+16 kt	-6 °C	104 kt	17 h 40 min	10:10 pm PDT (05:10 UTC)
16,500 ft	260° at 19 kt	+18 kt	-10 °C	102 kt	18 h 01 min	10:31 pm PDT (05:31 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	260° at 20 kt	+20 kt	-13 °C	100 kt	18 h 23 min	10:53 pm PDT (05:53 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	270° at 24 kt	+24 kt	-24 °C	96 kt	19 h 09 min	11:39 pm PDT (06:39 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	260° at 24 kt	+24 kt	-38 °C	96 kt	19 h 09 min	11:39 pm PDT (06:39 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	260° at 38 kt	+36 kt	-42 °C	84 kt	21 h 53 min	2:23 am PDT (09:23 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	270° at 48 kt	+49 kt	-47 °C	71 kt	25 h 53 min	6:23 am PDT (13:23 UTC)

Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
BUF	used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line	300/11	330/15 11°	340/26 8°	330/28 2°	340/31 -10°	340/32 -21°	340/52 -37°	340/59 -46°	330/66 -53°
TVC	used from 150 nm out; 141 nm from the line	270/31	280/23 15°	260/22 8°	260/29 4°	280/29 -11°	280/42 -21°	270/42 -36°	270/54 -47°	290/67 -51°
GRB	used from 400 nm out; 58 nm from the line	250/32	250/22 17°	240/18 8°	280/21 6°	280/34 -11°	280/35 -21°	280/39 -37°	270/52 -45°	290/60 -49°
DLH	used from 499 nm out; 98 nm from the line	090/31	250/7 14°	250/26 11°	250/36 4°	280/36 -11°	290/35 -22°	300/39 -38°	280/41 -44°	280/66 -49°
AXN	used from 699 nm out; 56 nm from the line	110/6	260/10 16°	240/17 12°	250/20 5°	260/29 -10°	260/35 -22°	260/29 -38°	270/48 -41°	270/61 -48°
GFK	used from 799 nm out; 52 nm from the line	080/18	L/V 11°	260/22 7°	250/48 3°	260/51 -11°	250/44 -22°	260/34 -38°	260/53 -44°	270/66 -49°
MOT	used from 899 nm out; 83 nm from the line		120/14 4°	190/25 5°	220/41 1°	240/43 -11°	230/39 -22°	220/44 -38°	240/62 -42°	250/73 -48°
DIK	used from 1049 nm out; 59 nm from the line		190/12 5°	230/29 7°	220/33 1°	220/43 -11°	210/47 -23°	220/53 -33°	240/56 -40°	250/72 -47°
GGW	used from 1099 nm out; 85 nm from the line		100/7 -1°	070/10 -3°	190/6 -4°	210/34 -10°	230/33 -24°	210/48 -37°	230/65 -40°	230/71 -46°
GTF	used from 1299 nm out; 79 nm from the line		L/V	L/V -7°	240/8 -8°	240/30 -14°	240/40 -28°	210/52 -38°	210/76 -38°	220/72 -43°
GPI	used from 1448 nm out; 43 nm from the line		090/8 -4°	140/7 -7°	090/10 -8°	110/10 -19°	210/25 -30°	200/24 -40°	210/31 -39°	210/35 -42°
GEG	used from 1598 nm out; 27 nm from the line		060/7 -2°	070/12 -6°	050/8 -8°	120/11 -21°	110/18 -33°	030/22 -37°	040/6 -38°	240/7 -41°
YKM	used from 1748 nm out; 66 nm from the line	360/6	360/11 -1°	030/20 -7°	040/21 -11°	020/55 -18°	010/84 -26°	010/79 -40°	010/45 -42°	350/23 -42°
SEA	used from 1798 nm out; 22 nm from the line	350/5	010/6 0°	010/9 -4°	010/27 -6°	010/51 -15°	360/58 -26°	360/60 -41°	350/55 -48°	340/30 -45°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
BUF Buffalo, NY	departure	marginal VFR Sky: a few clouds at 700 feet, overcast at 1,300 feet Weather: mist	from the west-southwest (250°) at 5 knots	6 mi	1,300 ft	726 ft	7:10 am EDT (11:10 UTC)
CYSN St Catharines,	20 nm out, 7 nm north of the line	IFR Sky: overcast at 1,700 feet Weather: mist	from the west-southwest (240°) at 6 knots	2 mi	1,700 ft	321 ft	11:12 UTC
GOV Grayling, MI	280 nm out, 0 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	calm	7 mi	none	1,158 ft	10:55 UTC
PKF Park Falls, WI	529 nm out, 3 nm west of the line	no report just now				1,501 ft
AIT Aitkin, MN	669 nm out, 3 nm west of the line	marginal VFR Sky: a broken layer at 1,500 feet	from the east-northeast (060°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	1,500 ft	1,206 ft	11:15 UTC
FAR Fargo, ND	799 nm out, 7 nm southwest of the line, tower	low IFR Sky: overcast at 400 feet Weather: mist	from the north-northeast (030°) at 12 knots	5 mi	400 ft	901 ft	10:53 UTC
HZE Hazen, ND	999 nm out, 15 nm south of the line	IFR Sky: overcast at 700 feet	from the east-northeast (060°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	700 ft	1,814 ft	07:35 UTC
SDY Sidney, MT	1109 nm out, 3 nm southeast of the line	IFR Sky: overcast at 800 feet Weather: light rain	from the north-northeast (030°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	800 ft	1,985 ft	10:56 UTC
CII Choteau, MT	1428 nm out, 11 nm south of the line	no report just now				3,946 ft
SFF Spokane, WA	1638 nm out, 12 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 11,000 feet	from the east (080°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	1,956 ft	10:53 UTC
EAT Wenatchee, WA	1758 nm out, 18 nm south of the line	VFR	from the east (100°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	1,248 ft	10:55 UTC
BFI Seattle, WA	destination	VFR	calm	10+ mi	none	21 ft	3:53 am PDT (10:53 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 3,946 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At BFI when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 7:57 pm PDT (02:57 UTC)

Wind from the west-northwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies VFR

The whole forecast for BFI

From Mon 5:00 am PDT (12:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Mon 12:00 pm PDT (19:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Mon 2:00 pm PDT (21:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Mon 8:00 pm PDT (03:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet
From Tue 4:00 am PDT (11:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 10,000 feet

The forecast for BUF, the departure

From Mon 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 700 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Mon 11:00 am EDT (15:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,200 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 10 knots, gusting to 18, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 3,000 feet
From Mon 7:00 pm EDT (23:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 20,000 feet
From Mon 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, scattered clouds at 20,000 feet
From Tue 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 9,000 feet
30% chance between Tue 6:00 am EDT (10:00 UTC) and 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, a broken layer at 7,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

6/8927 Kalispell, MT, Wednesday, October 14, 2026 through Wednesday, October 14, 2026 Local 8 nm from the route, 1508 nm along the route · a VIP movement · starts Wednesday 14 October · ZSE
6/8923 Kalispell, MT, Wednesday, October 14, 2026 through Wednesday, October 14, 2026 Local 8 nm from the route, 1508 nm along the route · a VIP movement · starts Wednesday 14 October · ZLC

Daylight

Sunset at BUF 6:37 pm EDT (22:37 UTC), at BFI 6:25 pm PDT (01:25 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:56 pm PDT (01:56 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at BFI is after sunset there (6:27 pm PDT (01:27 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Buffalo Niagara International, Boeing Fld/King County International.