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Accidents · NTSB ERA16FA186 · Final report

Piper PA28 accident near Homestead, Florida, May 16, 2016

On May 16, 2016 at about 8:46 pm local time, a 1966 Piper PA28, registered N7031R, was substantially damaged in an accident during landing (flare/touchdown) near Homestead, Florida (Homestead General Aviation airport). It was a personal flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 1 person was seriously injured and 1 person had minor injuries. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

The pilot's improper decision to allow the passenger to attempt a landing, which resulted in a loss of control during landing with a quartering tailwind. Contributing to the severity of the pilot's injuries was the separation of the deteriorated shoulder harness.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
May 16, 2016 · about 8:46 pm local time
Place
Homestead, Florida · Homestead General Aviation · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
1 person was seriously injured and 1 person had minor injuries.
Weather
visual conditions (good weather)
Aircraft
Piper PA28 140, built 1966 · all PA28s on the register
Registration
N7031R · no longer on the register · serial 28-21728
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

The private pilot and the passenger, a friend who was previously a student pilot but never completed his training, were making their first flight together. The pilot, who sustained serious injuries, did not recall the accident. The passenger reported that the pilot took off from the departure airport and then transferred the controls to him and let him fly for a while. They flew to another airport, and the pilot made one touch-and-go landing on runway 36. During departure, the pilot again transferred control to the passenger and stated, "you make the next landing and I will watch you." The passenger reported that he was trying to fly the airplane straight to the runway but drifting left due to a quartering tailwind, which was reported as 14 knots, gusting to 22 knots. The passenger tried to correct the flight path but was unable to align the airplane with the runway centerline. He did not remember if the pilot tried to help or not at any point before the airplane impacted the ground. The airplane came to rest near midfield and about 340 ft left of the runway edge. Examination of the wreckage did not reveal evidence of any preimpact mechanical malfunctions that would have precluded normal operation. The pilot's (left front seat's) shoulder harness was torn in half at its midpoint. The distal 24 inches (the portion that did not normally retract into the inertia reel) of the webbing showed significant discoloration, fading, and stiffness. A significant section of abrasive wear was noted on the edges of the webbing about 15 to 21 inches from the distal end fitting; the shoulder harness separated in this worn section. The passenger's (right front seat's) shoulder harness was also discolored, faded, and stiff. The manufacturer's maintenance manual for the airplane stated that an inspection of the seat belts is required during the annual and/or 100-hour inspection. The manual indicated that the belts are to be replaced if deteriorated or worn. Review of the airplane's maintenance logbooks found no records indicating that the seat belts were ever inspected or replaced. If the pilot's shoulder harness had been replaced, it would likely have secured him in his seat and minimized the severity of the injuries that he incurred.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

What happened, in order

  1. Loss of control in flight during landing (flare/touchdown) defining event
  2. Collision with terrain or object (not controlled flight into terrain) during landing (flare/touchdown)

The NTSB's findings

  • cause Personnel issues › Action/decision › Info processing/decision › Decision making/judgment › Pilot
  • cause Personnel issues › Task performance › Use of equip/info › Aircraft control › Passenger
  • cause Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability › Performance/control parameters › Directional control › Not attained/maintained
  • cause Personnel issues › Experience/knowledge › Experience/qualifications › Qualification/certification › Passenger
  • cause Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena › Wind › Tailwind › Effect on operation
  • factor Aircraft › Aircraft systems › Equipment/furnishings › Flight compartment equipment › Failure

Pilot

  • Certificate: private
  • Ratings: single-engine land
  • Flight time: 2,100 hours in all; 999,999 in this make and model
  • Medical certificate: Class 2 (with waivers/limitations)
  • Seat: left
  • Injury: serious injuries

Dual student

  • Certificate: student
  • Flight time: 45 hours in all; 99,999 in this make and model
  • Medical certificate: Class 1
  • Seat: rgt
  • Injury: minor injuries

The aircraft

  • Airframe total time: 3,673.9 hours
  • Last inspection: annual inspection, September 20, 2015; 44 hours since
  • Maximum gross weight: 2,150 lb
  • Seats: 4
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Lycoming O-320-E2A (piston); 3,674 hours total

The flight

  • Departed from: TMB Miami FL at 7:35 pm
  • Destination: X51 Homestead FL
  • Flight plan: none
  • Runway 36, 4,000 ft by 100 ft
  • A second pilot was aboard

Weather at the time

  • Light: daylight
  • Wind: from 120° at 14 knots, gusting 22
  • Visibility: 10 statute miles
  • Sky: broken clouds at 10,000 ft; scat at 2,000 ft
  • Temperature: 84°F (29°C), dew point 73°F (23°C)
  • Altimeter: 30.06 inHg
  • Observation at 8:45 pm from X51

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Flight crew1
Passengers1

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

11 documents, released by the NTSB on August 7, 2017. View them here, or download them; the NTSB redacts some personal details before release, and this site shows the NTSB's own titles rather than its file names.

The same docket at the NTSB · documents without a copy here are fetched from the NTSB when you open them.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.