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Accidents · NTSB CEN17LA105 · Final report

American Aviation AA 1A accident near Gainesville, Texas, February 21, 2017

On February 21, 2017 at about 6:20 am local time, a 1972 American Aviation AA 1A, registered N6343L, was substantially damaged in an accident during approach near Gainesville, Texas (Gainesville Muni airport). It was a personal flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 1 person was seriously injured and 1 person had minor injuries. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

The pilot’s inadequate preflight and inflight fuel planning, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion and subsequent forced landing in a field. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s delayed action in taking control of the airplane following the loss of engine power.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
February 21, 2017 · about 6:20 am local time
Place
Gainesville, Texas · Gainesville Muni · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
1 person was seriously injured and 1 person had minor injuries.
Weather
visual conditions (good weather)
Aircraft
American Aviation AA 1A, built 1972 · all AA 1As on the register
Registration
N6343L · no longer on the register · serial AA1A-0343
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

The private pilot was conducting a familiarization flight with the non-pilot-rated passenger, who had recently purchased the airplane. They flew to a nearby airport to practice touch-and-go landings. After completing about 15 landings, they proceeded to another airport to get fuel. About 5 minutes before reaching the airport, the passenger noticed that the fuel pressure gauge indicated 0 psi, but the engine was operating smoothly. The pilot turned on the electric fuel boost pump and the fuel pressure gauge returned to 5 psi. The boost pump remained on for the remainder of the flight. Upon arrival at the airport, a go-around was performed. The engine experienced a loss of power during the climb about 200 ft above ground level and he performed a forced landing to a field short of the runway. Postaccident fuel consumption calculations revealed that the airplane likely contained about 1 gallon of fuel at the time of the accident, which would have been unusable. Examination of the fuel tanks revealed less than 1 cup of fuel in the left tank and no fuel remaining in the right tank. The fuel spill observed at the accident site by first responders was likely the 1 gallon of unusable fuel from the right tank, because the right wing was separated at the fuselage and its fuel line was fractured. No anomalies were noted with the engine and the propeller blades did not show any rotational signatures. Although the pilot reported that he flew the airplane during the final approach and go-around, there were discrepancies in his statements that suggested that the non-pilot rated passenger was actually manipulating the airplane controls during the loss of engine power.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

What happened, in order

  1. Fuel exhaustion during approach defining event
  2. Off-field or emergency landing during landing

The NTSB's findings

  • cause Personnel issues › Task performance › Planning/preparation › Fuel planning › Pilot
  • cause Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware › Fluids › Fuel › Fluid level
  • cause Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware › Fluids › Fuel › Fluid management
  • Personnel issues › Experience/knowledge › Experience/qualifications › Qualification/certification › Passenger

Pilot

  • Certificate: private
  • Ratings: single-engine land
  • Flight time: 463 hours in all; 31 in this make and model; 61 in the last 90 days; 23 in the last 30 days; 421 as pilot in command
  • Last flight review: January 23, 2016
  • Medical certificate: Class 3 (without waivers/limitations)
  • Seat: left
  • Injury: minor injuries

Passenger

  • Certificate: student
  • Flight time: 16 hours in all; 16 in this make and model
  • Medical certificate: None
  • Seat: rgt
  • Injury: serious injuries

The aircraft

  • Maximum gross weight: 1,561 lb
  • Seats: 2
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Lycoming O-235-C2C (piston); 0 hours total

The flight

  • Departed from: GYI Sherman/Denison TX at 6:30 am
  • Destination: GLE Gainesville TX
  • Flight plan: none
  • Runway 36, 6,000 ft by 100 ft

Weather at the time

  • Light: night
  • Wind: from 270° at 3 knots
  • Visibility: 10 statute miles
  • Sky: clear
  • Temperature: 54°F (12°C), dew point 52°F (11°C)
  • Altimeter: 29.93 inHg
  • Observation at 6:55 am from KGLE, 1 miles away

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Flight crew1
Passengers1

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

11 documents, released by the NTSB on February 6, 2018. View them here, or download them; the NTSB redacts some personal details before release, and this site shows the NTSB's own titles rather than its file names.

The same docket at the NTSB · documents without a copy here are fetched from the NTSB when you open them.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.