Plan a flight · Sun 5:47 pm PDT (00:47 UTC)

Mineta San Jose International to Purdue University Airport SJC → LAF

1,635 nautical miles (1,881 statute miles) east on a straight line, true course 073°, about 060° magnetic at the departure end (variation 13E). At 120 knots that is 9 h 21 min at the quickest height in today's winds (39,000 ft, a 55-knot tailwind), arriving about 6:08 am EDT (10:08 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now SJC is VFR, wind from the north (350°) at 14 knots, gusting to 24; LAF is VFR, wind calm. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 2 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

SIGMET W72W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 30,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 6:55 pm PDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 179 to 229 nm out.
as issued
```
WSUS33 KKCI 112355
MKCW WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 72W
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
NV
FROM 60SSW BAM-60W ELY-OAL-40WNW OAL-60SSW BAM
AREA TS MOV FROM 23020KT. TOPS TO FL300.
```

SIGMET W71W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 27,000 ft, moving from the south at 40 knots, until 6:55 pm PDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 449 to 488 nm out.

as issued

WSUS33 KKCI 112355
MKCW WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 71W
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
WY UT ID
FROM 40S DBS-40WNW BPI-30WSW MTU-30SSW DTA-30SE TWF-40S DBS
AREA EMBD TS MOV FROM 20040KT. TOPS TO FL270.

SIGMET W68W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 36,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 40 knots, until 6:55 pm PDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 558 to 698 nm out.

as issued

WSUS33 KKCI 112355
MKCW WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 68W
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
CO NM AZ UT
FROM 30W CHE-20NNW TBE-60SE ABQ-40N SJN-30SW MTU-30W CHE
AREA TS MOV FROM 23040KT. TOPS TO FL360.

AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 15,000 ft. Over the route from 110 to 309 nm out.
AIRMET ZULU 3C: moderate icing up to 22,000 ft. Over the route from 239 to 598 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 36,000 ft. Over the route from 279 to 927 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 289 to 758 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 379 to 837 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 478 to 738 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Over the route from 648 to 668 nm out.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from SJC.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

urgent BCS3 at 5,400 ft, 49 nm north, 4:35 pm PDT (23:35 UTC): remarks: wind shear 10 knots gain 1000 above ground on final. 508 nm along the route, 49 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PVU UUA /OV PVU310001/TM 2335/FL054/TP BCS3/RM WIND SHEAR 10 KT GAIN 1000 AGL ON FINAL
```
Report
an urgent report filed through PVU
Where
1 nm northwest (310°) of PVU
Time
23:35 UTC
Height
at 5,400 ft
Aircraft
BCS3
Remarks
wind shear 10 knots gain 1000 above ground on final
urgent E545 at 6,000 ft, 37 nm south, 2:49 pm PDT (21:49 UTC): remarks: low-level wind shear + 5 knots fap runway 17L. 807 nm along the route, 37 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
APA UUA /OV APA350002/TM 2149/FL060/TP E545/RM LLWS +/- 5 KT FAP RWY 17L
```
Report
an urgent report filed through APA
Where
2 nm north (350°) of APA
Time
21:49 UTC
Height
at 6,000 ft
Aircraft
E545
Remarks
low-level wind shear + 5 knots fap runway 17L
E75L at 18,000 ft, 37 nm south, 4:24 pm PDT (23:24 UTC): moderate turbulence from 18,000 ft to 22,000 ft, remarks: mountain wave a 10-knot loss of airspeed entered by zoa fdcs. 159 nm along the route, 37 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LOL UA /OV BIH300011/TM 2324/FL 180/TP E75L/TB MOD 180-220/RM MTN WAVE /-10 ENTERED BY ZOA FDCS AWC-WEB
```
Report
a routine report filed through LOL
Where
11 nm northwest (300°) of BIH
Time
23:24 UTC
Height
at 18,000 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Turbulence
moderate from 18,000 ft to 22,000 ft
Remarks
mountain wave a 10-knot loss of airspeed entered by zoa fdcs
A21N at 33,000 ft, 33 nm north, 3:35 pm PDT (22:35 UTC): moderate turbulence, remarks: mountain wave +25-30KTS. 708 nm along the route, 33 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
HDN UA /OV CHE/TM 2235/FL330/TP A21N/TB MOD/RM MTN WAVE +25-30KTS
```
Report
a routine report filed through HDN
Where
over CHE
Time
22:35 UTC
Height
at 33,000 ft
Aircraft
A21N
Turbulence
moderate
Remarks
mountain wave +25-30KTS
C650 at 40,000 ft, 34 nm south, 4:48 pm PDT (23:48 UTC): moderate turbulence, remarks: ZDVWC-03. 718 nm along the route, 34 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ASE UA /OV DBL/TM 2348/FL400/TP C650/TB MOD /RM ZDVWC-03
```
Report
a routine report filed through ASE
Where
over DBL
Time
23:48 UTC
Height
at 40,000 ft
Aircraft
C650
Turbulence
moderate
Remarks
ZDVWC-03
C680A at 16,000 ft, 47 nm south, 3:59 pm PDT (22:59 UTC): moderate turbulence, scattered clouds above 16,000 ft, remarks: during the descent. 718 nm along the route, 47 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ASE UA /OV HAERI/TM 2259/FL160/TP C680A/SK SCT160/TB CONS MOD/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through ASE
Where
haeri
Time
22:59 UTC
Height
at 16,000 ft
Aircraft
C680A
Sky
scattered clouds from 16,000 ft
Turbulence
continuous moderate
Remarks
during the descent
C700 at 16,000 ft, 29 nm south, 2:55 pm PDT (21:55 UTC): moderate turbulence. 728 nm along the route, 29 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ASE UA /OV WERNR/TM 2155/FL160/TP C700/TB MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through ASE
Where
wernr
Time
21:55 UTC
Height
at 16,000 ft
Aircraft
C700
Turbulence
moderate
B39M at 32,000 ft, 14 nm north, 4:58 pm PDT (23:58 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, no icing, remarks: moderate mtw a 30-knot loss of airspeed ZDVWC-14. 748 nm along the route, 14 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
EEO UA /OV EKR069073/TM 2358/FL320/TP B39M/TB OCNL MOD CHOP/IC NEG/RM MOD MTW +/-30KT ZDVWC-14
```
Report
a routine report filed through EEO
Where
73 nm east (069°) of EKR
Time
23:58 UTC
Height
at 32,000 ft
Aircraft
B39M
Turbulence
occasional moderate chop
Icing
none
Remarks
moderate mtw a 30-knot loss of airspeed ZDVWC-14
BCS3 at 24,000 ft, 16 nm northwest, 4:28 pm PDT (23:28 UTC): moderate turbulence from 22,000 ft to 24,000 ft, remarks: during the descent. 807 nm along the route, 16 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DEN UA /OV DEN320045/TM 2328/FL240/TP BCS3/TB MOD 240-220/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through DEN
Where
45 nm northwest (320°) of DEN
Time
23:28 UTC
Height
at 24,000 ft
Aircraft
BCS3
Turbulence
moderate from 24,000 ft to 22,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent
A21N at 32,000 ft, 4 nm southwest, 4:42 pm PDT (23:42 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: ZDVWC-61. 867 nm along the route, 4 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
AKO UA /OV AKO270030/TM 2342/FL320/TP A21N/TB INTMT MOD CHOP/RM ZDVWC-61
```
Report
a routine report filed through AKO
Where
30 nm west (270°) of AKO
Time
23:42 UTC
Height
at 32,000 ft
Aircraft
A21N
Turbulence
intermittent moderate chop
Remarks
ZDVWC-61
UAL2199 at 35,000 ft, 13 nm southeast, 4:31 pm PDT (23:31 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, wind 247° at 79 knots. 867 nm along the route, 13 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ARP UAL2199 4007N 10337W 2331 F350 247/079KT TB MOD CHOP IC
```
Report
a routine report filed through ARP
UAL1340 at 40,000 ft, 16 nm north, 5:18 pm PDT (00:18 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, wind 244° at 70 knots. 1007 nm along the route, 16 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ARP UAL1340 4046N 10049W 0018 F400 244/070KT TB OCNL MOD CHOP IC
```
Report
a routine report filed through ARP
E50P descending, 47 nm south, 3:03 pm PDT (22:03 UTC): remarks: low-level wind shear + 10 knots short final. At the departure end, 47 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
MRY UA /OV KMRY/TM 2203/FLDURD/TP E50P/RM LLWS +/- 10KTS SHORT FINAL
```
Report
a routine report filed through MRY
Where
over KMRY
Time
22:03 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
E50P
Remarks
low-level wind shear + 10 knots short final
B737 at 27,000 ft, 29 nm northwest, 3:14 pm PDT (22:14 UTC): remarks: mountain wave a 10-knot loss of airspeed +/-300FT entered by zoa fdcs. 150 nm along the route, 29 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
RNO UA /OV 3830N11910W/TM 2214/FL270/TP B737/RM MTN WAVE +/-10KTS +/-300FT ENTERED BY ZOA FDCS
```
Report
a routine report filed through RNO
Where
3830N11910W
Time
22:14 UTC
Height
at 27,000 ft
Aircraft
B737
Remarks
mountain wave a 10-knot loss of airspeed +/-300FT entered by zoa fdcs

16 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 20:00–03:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 15 forecast points nearest it (SFO, FAT, BIH, ELY, SLC, GJT, DEN, GLD, GRI, OMA, DSM, BRL, SPI, JOT, IND). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
5,500 ft	220° at 16 kt	−11 kt	19 °C	131 kt	12 h 29 min	9:16 am EDT (13:16 UTC)
7,500 ft	220° at 21 kt	−15 kt	12 °C	135 kt	12 h 07 min	8:54 am EDT (12:54 UTC)
9,500 ft	220° at 22 kt	−17 kt	9 °C	137 kt	11 h 56 min	8:43 am EDT (12:43 UTC)
11,500 ft	230° at 23 kt	−19 kt	4 °C	139 kt	11 h 46 min	8:33 am EDT (12:33 UTC)
13,500 ft	230° at 25 kt	−22 kt	0 °C	142 kt	11 h 31 min	8:18 am EDT (12:18 UTC)
15,500 ft	230° at 27 kt	−25 kt	-5 °C	145 kt	11 h 17 min	8:04 am EDT (12:04 UTC)
17,500 ft	240° at 29 kt	−27 kt	-9 °C	147 kt	11 h 07 min	7:54 am EDT (11:54 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	240° at 30 kt	−28 kt	-10 °C	148 kt	11 h 03 min	7:50 am EDT (11:50 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	230° at 35 kt	−30 kt	-21 °C	150 kt	10 h 54 min	7:41 am EDT (11:41 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	240° at 44 kt	−42 kt	-30 °C	162 kt	10 h 06 min	6:53 am EDT (10:53 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	250° at 50 kt	−50 kt	-38 °C	170 kt	9 h 37 min	6:24 am EDT (10:24 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	250° at 52 kt	−55 kt	-48 °C	175 kt	9 h 21 min	6:08 am EDT (10:08 UTC)

Based on data from the 11th at 18:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 00:00 UTC for use 20:00 to 03:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
SFO	used from 0 nm out; 46 nm from the line	220/11	L/V 5°	280/7 1°	270/15 -3°	290/23 -14°	310/29 -24°	280/26 -28°	250/30 -34°	250/36 -43°
FAT	used from 50 nm out; 66 nm from the line	180/7	170/9 7°	200/20 3°	210/27 -3°	240/27 -14°	230/38 -24°	220/57 -27°	230/42 -33°	230/41 -44°
BIH	used from 100 nm out; 61 nm from the line		L/V	210/14 6°	210/20 -2°	230/26 -14°	220/32 -24°	220/63 -27°	220/56 -35°	230/50 -44°
ELY	used from 249 nm out; 82 nm from the line			210/20 4°	240/21 -1°	230/37 -13°	200/58 -25°	220/73 -27°	220/73 -36°	220/69 -44°
SLC	used from 449 nm out; 88 nm from the line		280/8	210/39 5°	210/52 -1°	200/50 -11°	200/56 -23°	220/61 -28°	230/73 -37°	230/73 -45°
GJT	used from 548 nm out; 78 nm from the line			210/40 11°	210/46 3°	210/61 -10°	210/68 -22°	220/57 -29°	230/59 -36°	240/66 -46°
DEN	used from 748 nm out; 54 nm from the line			190/31 16°	210/32 7°	240/41 -8°	230/47 -21°	240/56 -32°	250/65 -37°	250/61 -47°
GLD	used from 897 nm out; 73 nm from the line		190/29	200/30 15°	240/23 8°	250/39 -7°	230/39 -19°	230/57 -31°	240/67 -39°	250/62 -49°
GRI	used from 1047 nm out; 50 nm from the line		210/31 19°	240/21 14°	240/17 6°	260/27 -7°	260/34 -18°	240/45 -32°	250/56 -40°	260/62 -51°
OMA	used from 1196 nm out; 39 nm from the line	190/34	230/34 19°	250/25 12°	250/18 6°	250/22 -7°	250/28 -19°	260/34 -32°	260/39 -41°	280/56 -51°
DSM	used from 1296 nm out; 53 nm from the line	200/32	240/27 17°	260/19 10°	260/16 5°	260/19 -7°	240/22 -19°	270/20 -32°	270/38 -42°	290/58 -53°
BRL	used from 1396 nm out; 25 nm from the line	200/20	250/21 16°	240/22 10°	260/20 5°	270/16 -7°	290/22 -18°	320/41 -34°	320/56 -43°	310/68 -53°
SPI	used from 1495 nm out; 44 nm from the line	210/13	260/11 17°	270/18 10°	290/21 4°	310/20 -8°	330/25 -19°	320/49 -34°	320/60 -44°	320/59 -50°
JOT	used from 1545 nm out; 62 nm from the line	230/11	290/12 16°	300/19 10°	320/19 4°	300/17 -9°	330/31 -20°	320/49 -37°	320/53 -45°	320/67 -49°
IND	used from 1595 nm out; 66 nm from the line	320/10	350/30 16°	350/32 10°	350/30 4°	340/31 -10°	340/42 -21°	340/49 -37°	320/46 -41°	320/47 -47°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
SJC San Jose, CA	departure	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 4,000 feet, scattered clouds at 5,500 feet	from the north (350°) at 14 knots, gusting to 24	10+ mi	none	62 ft	4:53 pm PDT (23:53 UTC)
MOD Modesto, CA	50 nm out, 2 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	from the south-southwest (210°) at 4 knots	10+ mi	none	99 ft	23:53 UTC
TPH Tonopah, NV	229 nm out, 23 nm southeast of the line	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 7,000 feet	from the south-southeast (160°) at 19 knots, gusting to 29	10+ mi	none	5,430 ft	23:56 UTC
DTA Delta, UT	459 nm out, 6 nm north of the line	VFR	from the north-northeast (030°) at 7 knots, gusting to 18	10+ mi	none	4,759 ft	17:35 UTC
PUC Price, UT	538 nm out, 6 nm northeast of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 5,000 feet, overcast at 7,000 feet	from the south (190°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	7,000 ft	5,957 ft	23:53 UTC
FNL Fort Collins/Loveland, CO	807 nm out, 15 nm north of the line, tower	VFR	from the north-northwest (330°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	5,020 ft	23:56 UTC
FMM Fort Morgan, CO	867 nm out, 3 nm northwest of the line	VFR	from the southeast (140°) at 11 knots	10+ mi	none	4,595 ft	00:35 UTC
GRI Grand Island, NE	1116 nm out, 21 nm north of the line, tower	VFR	from the south (170°) at 8 knots	10+ mi	none	1,847 ft	23:53 UTC
LNK Lincoln, NE	1186 nm out, 12 nm north of the line, tower	VFR	from the south (190°) at 11 knots	10+ mi	none	1,218 ft	23:54 UTC
LWD Lamoni, IA	1316 nm out, 2 nm southeast of the line	VFR	from the south (170°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	none	1,130 ft	23:53 UTC
BMI Bloomington/Normal, IL	1545 nm out, 3 nm south of the line, tower	VFR	from the south-southwest (200°) at 4 knots	10+ mi	none	871 ft	23:56 UTC
LAF Lafayette, IN	destination	VFR	calm	10+ mi	none	605 ft	8:16 pm EDT (00:16 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 5,957 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At LAF when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 6:08 am EDT (10:08 UTC)

Wind calm, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for LAF

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 20,000 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 11 knots, gusting to 19, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 20,000 feet

The forecast for SJC, the departure

From Sun 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Sun 7:00 pm PDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Sun 10:00 pm PDT (05:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Mon 1:00 pm PDT (20:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

6/7231 Santa Clara, CA, Sunday, October 11, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 UTC 2 nm from the route, at the departure end · drones kept away from a public gathering · until 12 October · ZOA
6/7094 45NM NE MERCED, CA, Sunday, October 4, 2026 through Tuesday, October 20, 2026 UTC 10 nm from the route, 110 nm along the route · a hazard on the ground (fire-fighting, a chemical spill, rescue work) · until 20 October · ZOA

Daylight

Sunset at SJC 6:35 pm PDT (01:35 UTC), at LAF 7:12 pm EDT (23:12 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:40 pm EDT (23:40 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at LAF is before sunrise there (7:55 am EDT (11:55 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Pacific Southwest · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the southern Rockies · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the northern Rockies · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Mineta San Jose International, Purdue University Airport.