San Francisco International to Duluth International SFO → DLH
1,440 nautical miles (1,658 statute miles) northeast on a straight line, true course 058°, about 044° magnetic at the departure end (variation 14E). At 120 knots that is 8 h 37 min at the quickest height in today's winds (39,000 ft, a 47-knot tailwind), arriving about 5:46 pm CDT (22:46 UTC). For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- SIGMET W27W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 27,000 ft, moving from the west at 45 knots, until 8:55 am PDT (15:55 UTC). Over the route from 556 to 616 nm out.
as issued
WSUS33 KKCI 121355 MKCW WST 121355 CONVECTIVE SIGMET 27W VALID UNTIL 1555Z WY UT ID FROM 40E PIH-20NW BPI-50E SLC-20SW SLC-40E PIH DMSHG AREA TS MOV FROM 26045KT. TOPS TO FL270.
- SIGMET C20C: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 37,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 40 knots, until 8:55 am PDT (15:55 UTC). Over the route from 1103 to 1142 nm out.
as issued
WSUS32 KKCI 121355 MKCC WST 121355 CONVECTIVE SIGMET 20C VALID UNTIL 1555Z SD ND FROM 80W GFK-40WNW FAR-40W ABR-50ENE DPR-30S BIS-80W GFK AREA TS MOV FROM 21040KT. TOPS TO FL370.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the first 288 nm of the route.
- AIRMET SIERRA 2E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 139 nm along the route.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 238 to 745 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 238 to 785 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the last 844 nm of the route.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from SFO.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
Not fetched just now.
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 13 forecast points nearest it (SFO, SAC, RNO, BAM, ELY, SLC, PIH, LND, RAP, PIR, ABR, AXN, DLH). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5,500 ft | 240° at 7 kt | −7 kt | 16 °C | 127 kt | 11 h 20 min | 8:29 pm CDT (01:29 UTC) |
| 7,500 ft | 240° at 12 kt | −11 kt | 8 °C | 131 kt | 11 h | 8:09 pm CDT (01:09 UTC) |
| 9,500 ft | 240° at 16 kt | −15 kt | 4 °C | 135 kt | 10 h 40 min | 7:49 pm CDT (00:49 UTC) |
| 11,500 ft | 240° at 21 kt | −21 kt | 0 °C | 141 kt | 10 h 13 min | 7:22 pm CDT (00:22 UTC) |
| 13,500 ft | 230° at 23 kt | −22 kt | -4 °C | 142 kt | 10 h 08 min | 7:17 pm CDT (00:17 UTC) |
| 15,500 ft | 230° at 24 kt | −23 kt | -8 °C | 143 kt | 10 h 04 min | 7:13 pm CDT (00:13 UTC) |
| 17,500 ft | 230° at 26 kt | −24 kt | -12 °C | 144 kt | 10 h | 7:09 pm CDT (00:09 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 230° at 26 kt | −24 kt | -13 °C | 144 kt | 10 h | 7:09 pm CDT (00:09 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 240° at 29 kt | −27 kt | -24 °C | 147 kt | 9 h 48 min | 6:57 pm CDT (23:57 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 240° at 37 kt | −36 kt | -33 °C | 156 kt | 9 h 14 min | 6:23 pm CDT (23:23 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 240° at 42 kt | −42 kt | -37 °C | 162 kt | 8 h 53 min | 6:02 pm CDT (23:02 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 240° at 46 kt | −47 kt | -45 °C | 167 kt | 8 h 37 min | 5:46 pm CDT (22:46 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFO | used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line | 090/9 | 050/12 4° | 010/17 -2° | 350/34 -3° | 360/70 -11° | 360/75 -22° | 350/57 -38° | 330/37 -42° | 280/25 -44° |
| SAC | used from 50 nm out; 26 nm from the line | L/V | L/V 4° | 340/9 -4° | 340/22 -8° | 360/71 -12° | 360/82 -23° | 350/58 -37° | 310/30 -40° | 270/25 -44° |
| RNO | used from 99 nm out; 51 nm from the line | 010/6 | 270/12 -3° | 220/26 -10° | 280/13 -19° | 350/44 -24° | 320/30 -32° | 260/22 -36° | 240/24 -42° | |
| BAM | used from 248 nm out; 45 nm from the line | 280/9 -2° | 260/18 -8° | 190/47 -19° | 200/50 -29° | 210/56 -29° | 220/54 -34° | 220/45 -42° | ||
| ELY | used from 397 nm out; 110 nm from the line | 210/34 1° | 220/40 -4° | 220/39 -17° | 210/51 -24° | 220/65 -30° | 220/60 -37° | 220/56 -44° | ||
| SLC | used from 447 nm out; 80 nm from the line | 200/16 | 210/23 4° | 220/34 -3° | 210/40 -16° | 220/66 -23° | 220/64 -31° | 220/57 -36° | 220/50 -43° | |
| PIH | used from 497 nm out; 64 nm from the line | 070/8 | 150/19 1° | 180/32 -4° | 210/44 -17° | 210/37 -28° | 210/74 -31° | 220/68 -35° | 220/60 -43° | |
| LND | used from 596 nm out; 79 nm from the line | 240/10 3° | 240/30 0° | 220/42 -13° | 230/52 -23° | 220/54 -33° | 220/52 -36° | 220/53 -44° | ||
| RAP | used from 844 nm out; 94 nm from the line | 250/28 16° | 260/31 10° | 240/25 4° | 210/35 -10° | 200/45 -23° | 230/47 -31° | 230/47 -36° | 230/51 -46° | |
| PIR | used from 1043 nm out; 58 nm from the line | 230/15 15° | 220/22 14° | 220/24 6° | 200/32 -10° | 210/48 -22° | 240/45 -33° | 240/43 -37° | 250/55 -46° | |
| ABR | used from 1093 nm out; 55 nm from the line | 080/12 | 210/12 17° | 220/22 12° | 230/26 5° | 220/28 -10° | 230/41 -21° | 250/36 -36° | 260/47 -39° | 260/63 -47° |
| AXN | used from 1242 nm out; 42 nm from the line | 110/6 | 260/10 16° | 240/17 12° | 250/20 5° | 260/29 -10° | 260/35 -22° | 260/29 -38° | 270/48 -41° | 270/61 -48° |
| DLH | used from 1391 nm out; 25 nm from the line | 090/31 | 250/7 14° | 250/26 11° | 250/36 4° | 280/36 -11° | 290/35 -22° | 300/39 -38° | 280/41 -44° | 280/66 -49° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFO San Francisco, CA | departure | no report just now | 13 ft | ||||
| LVK Livermore, CA | 20 nm out, 11 nm southeast of the line, tower | no report just now | 399 ft | ||||
| MEV Minden, NV | 149 nm out, 6 nm northwest of the line | no report just now | 4,723 ft | ||||
| LWL Wells, NV | 407 nm out, 10 nm northwest of the line | no report just now | 5,769 ft | ||||
| MLD Malad City, ID | 536 nm out, 13 nm north of the line | no report just now | 4,503 ft | ||||
| PNA Pinedale, WY | 656 nm out, 2 nm west of the line | no report just now | 7,096 ft | ||||
| GCC Gillette, WY | 864 nm out, 16 nm northwest of the line | no report just now | 4,365 ft | ||||
| SPF Spearfish, SD | 934 nm out, 4 nm southeast of the line | no report just now | 3,933 ft | ||||
| MBG Mobridge, SD | 1093 nm out, 11 nm northwest of the line | no report just now | 1,716 ft | ||||
| FFM Fergus Falls, MN | 1271 nm out, 5 nm north of the line | no report just now | 1,182 ft | ||||
| SAZ Staples, MN | 1331 nm out, 4 nm south of the line | no report just now | 1,287 ft | ||||
| DLH Duluth, MN | destination | no report just now | 1,427 ft |
The highest airport on this list sits at 7,096 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At DLH when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 5:46 pm CDT (22:46 UTC)
DLH has no terminal forecast; use the nearest airport that does.
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
No temporary flight restriction on or near this route right now.
Daylight
Sunset at SFO 6:35 pm PDT (01:35 UTC), at DLH 6:27 pm CDT (23:27 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:58 pm CDT (23:58 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads







Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: San Francisco International, Duluth International.
