Louisville Muhammad Ali International to Sacramento International SDF → SMF
1,676 nautical miles (1,928 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 282°, about 287° magnetic at the departure end (variation 5W). At 120 knots that is 16 h 07 min at the quickest height in today's winds (6,500 ft, a 16-knot headwind), arriving about 6:50 pm PDT (01:50 UTC), after sunset at the destination. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- SIGMET W18W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 30,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 6:55 am EDT (10:55 UTC). Over the route from 1287 to 1366 nm out.
as issued
WSUS33 KKCI 120855 MKCW WST 120855 CONVECTIVE SIGMET 18W VALID UNTIL 1055Z AZ UT NV FROM 20WNW BVL-30N BCE-60SSW BCE-50NNE LAS-60NNW ELY-20WNW BVL AREA TS MOV FROM 24020KT. TOPS TO FL300.
- SIGMET W18W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 30,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 6:55 am EDT (10:55 UTC). Over the route from 1307 to 1426 nm out.
as issued
WSUS33 KKCI 120903 CCA MKCW WST 120903 COR CONVECTIVE SIGMET 18W VALID UNTIL 1055Z UT ID NV FROM 30E TWF-10W MLD-10SE ILC-50WSW ILC-60NE OAL-30E TWF AREA TS MOV FROM 24020KT. TOPS TO FL300. ***COR PTS***
- AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist, fog). Over the first 80 nm of the route.
- AIRMET TANGO 2W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 289 to 748 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) from 34,000 ft to 43,000 ft. Over the route from 848 to 1227 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 22,000 ft. Over the route from 878 to 1047 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 888 to 1117 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 958 to 1486 nm out.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 977 to 1496 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 12,000 ft. Over the route from 1057 to 1396 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the last 130 nm of the route.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from SDF.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
Not fetched just now.
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 14 forecast points nearest it (LOU, EVV, STL, COU, MKC, SLN, GLD, DEN, GJT, SLC, ELY, BAM, RNO, SAC). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,500 ft | 250° at 22 kt | +20 kt | 100 kt | 16 h 46 min | 7:29 pm PDT (02:29 UTC) | |
| 6,500 ft | 250° at 18 kt | +16 kt | 16 °C | 104 kt | 16 h 07 min | 6:50 pm PDT (01:50 UTC) |
| 8,500 ft | 240° at 19 kt | +16 kt | 9 °C | 104 kt | 16 h 07 min | 6:50 pm PDT (01:50 UTC) |
| 10,500 ft | 240° at 21 kt | +17 kt | 5 °C | 103 kt | 16 h 16 min | 6:59 pm PDT (01:59 UTC) |
| 12,500 ft | 230° at 24 kt | +19 kt | 1 °C | 101 kt | 16 h 36 min | 7:19 pm PDT (02:19 UTC) |
| 14,500 ft | 240° at 26 kt | +22 kt | -3 °C | 98 kt | 17 h 06 min | 7:49 pm PDT (02:49 UTC) |
| 16,500 ft | 240° at 29 kt | +24 kt | -8 °C | 96 kt | 17 h 28 min | 8:11 pm PDT (03:11 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 240° at 31 kt | +26 kt | -11 °C | 94 kt | 17 h 50 min | 8:33 pm PDT (03:33 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 240° at 37 kt | +32 kt | -21 °C | 88 kt | 19 h 03 min | 9:46 pm PDT (04:46 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 250° at 52 kt | +50 kt | -31 °C | 70 kt | 23 h 57 min | 2:40 am PDT (09:40 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 250° at 56 kt | +55 kt | -37 °C | 65 kt | 25 h 47 min | 4:30 am PDT (11:30 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 250° at 51 kt | +51 kt | -46 °C | 69 kt | 24 h 17 min | 3:00 am PDT (10:00 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOU | used from 0 nm out; 28 nm from the line | 300/16 | 310/19 15° | 310/17 9° | 300/15 4° | 300/26 -6° | 280/34 -19° | 290/30 -34° | 310/49 -42° | 310/58 -51° |
| EVV | used from 50 nm out; 26 nm from the line | 270/25 | 290/17 15° | 260/10 8° | 270/16 5° | 280/29 -6° | 280/33 -19° | 290/38 -33° | 300/53 -41° | 310/54 -51° |
| STL | used from 150 nm out; 46 nm from the line | 250/26 | 240/21 15° | 240/22 11° | 250/23 6° | 270/28 -7° | 260/30 -19° | 280/52 -31° | 280/57 -40° | 300/57 -49° |
| COU | used from 249 nm out; 36 nm from the line | 250/36 | 260/14 16° | 250/5 12° | 260/12 6° | 260/24 -7° | 260/35 -19° | 280/58 -31° | 280/62 -40° | 290/60 -49° |
| MKC | used from 349 nm out; 47 nm from the line | 240/49 | 240/21 20° | 220/19 13° | 230/21 6° | 260/26 -7° | 250/37 -19° | 270/66 -31° | 270/65 -38° | 280/60 -48° |
| SLN | used from 499 nm out; 59 nm from the line | 230/49 | 240/41 22° | 230/26 15° | 220/21 7° | 240/38 -8° | 240/44 -21° | 260/77 -29° | 270/70 -36° | 270/63 -48° |
| GLD | used from 648 nm out; 80 nm from the line | 260/37 | 260/25 14° | 250/27 8° | 230/36 -8° | 230/49 -21° | 250/71 -30° | 260/82 -36° | 250/73 -48° | |
| DEN | used from 798 nm out; 65 nm from the line | 270/24 11° | 230/13 5° | 230/48 -8° | 230/46 -20° | 230/63 -30° | 240/78 -36° | 240/78 -48° | ||
| GJT | used from 997 nm out; 60 nm from the line | 220/26 6° | 230/39 0° | 220/55 -13° | 230/60 -23° | 230/78 -31° | 230/80 -35° | 230/74 -44° | ||
| SLC | used from 1147 nm out; 83 nm from the line | 200/16 | 210/23 4° | 220/34 -3° | 210/40 -16° | 220/66 -23° | 220/64 -31° | 220/57 -36° | 220/50 -43° | |
| ELY | used from 1297 nm out; 38 nm from the line | 210/34 1° | 220/40 -4° | 220/39 -17° | 210/51 -24° | 220/65 -30° | 220/60 -37° | 220/56 -44° | ||
| BAM | used from 1446 nm out; 84 nm from the line | 280/9 -2° | 260/18 -8° | 190/47 -19° | 200/50 -29° | 210/56 -29° | 220/54 -34° | 220/45 -42° | ||
| RNO | used from 1496 nm out; 71 nm from the line | 010/6 | 270/12 -3° | 220/26 -10° | 280/13 -19° | 350/44 -24° | 320/30 -32° | 260/22 -36° | 240/24 -42° | |
| SAC | used from 1646 nm out; 17 nm from the line | L/V | L/V 4° | 340/9 -4° | 340/22 -8° | 360/71 -12° | 360/82 -23° | 350/58 -37° | 310/30 -40° | 270/25 -44° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SDF Louisville, KY | departure | no report just now | 500 ft | ||||
| FOA Flora, IL | 130 nm out, 4 nm north of the line | no report just now | 472 ft | ||||
| ALN Alton/St Louis, IL | 209 nm out, 4 nm northeast of the line, tower | no report just now | 543 ft | ||||
| MCI Kansas City, MO | 429 nm out, 5 nm southeast of the line, tower | no report just now | 1,027 ft | ||||
| MHK Manhattan, KS | 519 nm out, 23 nm south of the line, tower | no report just now | 1,066 ft | ||||
| SYF St Francis, KS | 758 nm out, 4 nm southeast of the line | no report just now | 3,429 ft | ||||
| DEN Denver, CO | 888 nm out, 1 nm north of the line, tower | no report just now | 5,433 ft | ||||
| PUC Price, UT | 1167 nm out, 6 nm south of the line | no report just now | 5,957 ft | ||||
| DTA Delta, UT | 1247 nm out, 15 nm south of the line | no report just now | 4,759 ft | ||||
| ELY Ely, NV | 1356 nm out, 9 nm south of the line | no report just now | 6,259 ft | ||||
| TVL South Lake Tahoe, CA | 1596 nm out, 4 nm southwest of the line | no report just now | 6,268 ft | ||||
| SMF Sacramento, CA | destination | no report just now | 26 ft |
The highest airport on this list sits at 6,268 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At SMF when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 6:50 pm PDT (01:50 UTC)
SMF has no terminal forecast; use the nearest airport that does.
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
- 6/7634 CENTRALIA, MO, Monday, October 12, 2026 UTC 3 nm from the route, 309 nm along the route · a hazard on the ground (fire-fighting, a chemical spill, rescue work) · today · ZKC
- 6/3475 BEALE AFB, CA, Sunday, March 8, 2026 through Sunday, November 1, 2026 Local 15 nm from the route, at the destination end · security · until 1 November · ZOA
Daylight
Sunset at SDF 7:09 pm EDT (23:09 UTC), at SMF 6:31 pm PDT (01:31 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:57 pm PDT (01:57 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at SMF is after sunset there (6:32 pm PDT (01:32 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads







Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Louisville Muhammad Ali International, Sacramento International.
