Plan a flight · Sun 11:06 pm EDT (03:06 UTC)

Philadelphia International to Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport PHL → OAK

2,177 nautical miles (2,505 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 282°, about 294° magnetic at the departure end (variation 12W). At 120 knots that is 20 h 21 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 13-knot headwind), arriving about 4:27 pm PDT (23:27 UTC). Right now PHL is low IFR, wind from the north-northeast (030°) at 10 knots; OAK is VFR, wind from the southwest (220°) at 8 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 175 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the first 409 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 21,000 ft to 33,000 ft. Over the first 240 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 13,000 ft. Over the first 60 nm of the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 90 to 230 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 3W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 819 to 1238 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 36,000 ft. Over the route from 1238 to 1687 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 1288 to 1757 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 1368 to 1598 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 1388 nm along the route.
AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 1498 to 1987 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1508 to 1927 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Near the route, 1558 nm along the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 2E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1608 to 1697 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 15,000 ft. Over the route from 2007 to 2007 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the last 110 nm of the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from PHL.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

BCS3 at 19,000 ft, 41 nm south, 8:18 pm EDT (00:18 UTC): moderate turbulence above 17,000 ft, -9 °C. At the departure end, 41 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DOV UA /OV ENO/TM 0018/FL190/TP BCS3/TA M09/TB MOD 170
```
Report
a routine report filed through DOV
Where
over ENO
Time
00:18 UTC
Height
at 19,000 ft
Aircraft
BCS3
Temperature
−9 °C
Turbulence
moderate at 17,000 ft
E75L at 20,000 ft, 15 nm southwest, 8:41 pm EDT (00:41 UTC): moderate turbulence above 20,000 ft. At the departure end, 15 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ILG UA /OV DQO/TM 0041/FL200/TP E75L/TB MOD 200
```
Report
a routine report filed through ILG
Where
over DQO
Time
00:41 UTC
Height
at 20,000 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Turbulence
moderate at 20,000 ft
A21N at 18,000 ft, 18 nm north, 8:38 pm EDT (00:38 UTC): moderate clear-air turbulence. At the departure end, 18 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PTW UA /OV PTW/TM 0038/FL180/TP A21N/TB MOD CAT
```
Report
a routine report filed through PTW
Where
over PTW
Time
00:38 UTC
Height
at 18,000 ft
Aircraft
A21N
Turbulence
moderate clear-air turbulence
E145 at 12,000 ft, 5 nm north, 8:43 pm EDT (00:43 UTC): moderate turbulence. At the departure end, 5 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LNS UA /OV LRP/TM 0043/FL120/TP E145/TB CONS MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through LNS
Where
over LRP
Time
00:43 UTC
Height
at 12,000 ft
Aircraft
E145
Turbulence
continuous moderate
UAL1558 at 30,000 ft, 5 nm east, 10:22 pm EDT (02:22 UTC): moderate turbulence, -36 °C, wind 240° at 50 knots. 120 nm along the route, 5 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ARP UAL1558 4014N 07742W 0222 F300 MS36 240/050KT TB MODERATE SK CLEAR IC NONE
```
Report
a routine report filed through ARP
B752 at 30,000 ft, 4 nm east, 10:26 pm EDT (02:26 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: zob. 130 nm along the route, 4 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
HGR UA /OV THS010020/TM 0226/FL300/TP B752/TB MOD CHOP/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through HGR
Where
20 nm north (010°) of THS
Time
02:26 UTC
Height
at 30,000 ft
Aircraft
B752
Turbulence
moderate chop
Remarks
zob
B38M at 29,000 ft, 45 nm south, 8:55 pm EDT (00:55 UTC): moderate turbulence above 29,000 ft, remarks: zob. 230 nm along the route, 45 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
MPG UA /OV AIR120030/TM 0055/FL290/TP B38M /TB OCNL MOD 290/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through MPG
Where
30 nm southeast (120°) of AIR
Time
00:55 UTC
Height
at 29,000 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Turbulence
occasional moderate at 29,000 ft
Remarks
zob
A320 at 34,000 ft, 14 nm south, 10:03 pm EDT (02:03 UTC): moderate chop turbulence. 419 nm along the route, 14 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FWA UA /OV FWA115040/TM 0203/FL340/TP A320/TB MOD CHOP
```
Report
a routine report filed through FWA
Where
40 nm southeast (115°) of FWA
Time
02:03 UTC
Height
at 34,000 ft
Aircraft
A320
Turbulence
moderate chop
UAL1340 at 40,000 ft, 23 nm south, 8:18 pm EDT (00:18 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, wind 244° at 70 knots. 1168 nm along the route, 23 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ARP UAL1340 4046N 10049W 0018 F400 244/070KT TB OCNL MOD CHOP IC
```
Report
a routine report filed through ARP
B738 at 23,000 ft, 49 nm south, 10:34 pm EDT (02:34 UTC): moderate turbulence, remarks: during the climb ZDVWC-05. 1378 nm along the route, 49 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DEN UA /OV DVV270030/TM 0234/FL230/TP B738/TB MOD /RM DURC ZDVWC-05
```
Report
a routine report filed through DEN
Where
30 nm west (270°) of DVV
Time
02:34 UTC
Height
at 23,000 ft
Aircraft
B738
Turbulence
moderate
Remarks
during the climb ZDVWC-05
BCS1 at 24,000 ft, 49 nm south, 9:30 pm EDT (01:30 UTC): moderate turbulence from 22,000 ft to 24,000 ft, remarks: during the climb ZDVWC-05. 1378 nm along the route, 49 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DEN UA /OV DVV270030/TM 0130/FL240/TP BCS1/TB MOD 220-240/RM DURC ZDVWC-05
```
Report
a routine report filed through DEN
Where
30 nm west (270°) of DVV
Time
01:30 UTC
Height
at 24,000 ft
Aircraft
BCS1
Turbulence
moderate from 22,000 ft to 24,000 ft
Remarks
during the climb ZDVWC-05
CRJ2 at 19,000 ft, 6 nm northwest, 8:47 pm EDT (00:47 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: ZDVWC-13. 1398 nm along the route, 6 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
EGE UA /OV RLG010052/TM 0047/FL190/TP CRJ2/TB COSN MOD CHOP/RM ZDVWC-13
```
Report
a routine report filed through EGE
Where
52 nm north (010°) of RLG
Time
00:47 UTC
Height
at 19,000 ft
Aircraft
CRJ2
Turbulence
cosn moderate chop
Remarks
ZDVWC-13
E75L at 28,000 ft, 33 nm south, 9:31 pm EDT (01:31 UTC): moderate turbulence, remarks: ZDVWC-03. 1458 nm along the route, 33 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
EEO UA /OV EKR085036/TM 0131/FL280/TP E75L/TB MOD/RM ZDVWC-03
```
Report
a routine report filed through EEO
Where
36 nm east (085°) of EKR
Time
01:31 UTC
Height
at 28,000 ft
Aircraft
E75L
Turbulence
moderate
Remarks
ZDVWC-03
S22T at 14,000 ft, 16 nm south, 9:23 pm EDT (01:23 UTC): moderate rime icing, -16 °C. 1618 nm along the route, 16 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PUC UA /OV PUC360015/TM 0123/FL140/TP S22T/TA M16/IC MOD RIME /ZLC
```
Report
a routine report filed through PUC
Where
15 nm north (360°) of PUC
Time
01:23 UTC
Height
at 14,000 ft
Aircraft
S22T
Temperature
−16 °C
Icing
moderate rime zlc

16 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 02:00–09:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 22 forecast points nearest it (ACY, PSB, AGC, CLE, CMH, FWA, JOT, BRL, DSM, OMA, GRI, GLD, BFF, DEN, RKS, SLC, ELY, BAM, BIH, RNO, SAC, SFO). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
4,500 ft	250° at 13 kt	+13 kt	18 °C	107 kt	20 h 21 min	4:27 pm PDT (23:27 UTC)
6,500 ft	260° at 13 kt	+13 kt	13 °C	107 kt	20 h 21 min	4:27 pm PDT (23:27 UTC)
8,500 ft	240° at 14 kt	+14 kt	9 °C	106 kt	20 h 32 min	4:38 pm PDT (23:38 UTC)
10,500 ft	240° at 14 kt	+14 kt	5 °C	106 kt	20 h 32 min	4:38 pm PDT (23:38 UTC)
12,500 ft	240° at 16 kt	+16 kt	1 °C	104 kt	20 h 56 min	5:02 pm PDT (00:02 UTC)
14,500 ft	240° at 18 kt	+18 kt	-3 °C	102 kt	21 h 21 min	5:27 pm PDT (00:27 UTC)
16,500 ft	250° at 20 kt	+20 kt	-7 °C	100 kt	21 h 46 min	5:52 pm PDT (00:52 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	250° at 21 kt	+22 kt	-10 °C	98 kt	22 h 13 min	6:19 pm PDT (01:19 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	250° at 26 kt	+27 kt	-22 °C	93 kt	23 h 25 min	7:31 pm PDT (02:31 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	250° at 34 kt	+35 kt	-32 °C	85 kt	25 h 37 min	9:43 pm PDT (04:43 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	260° at 43 kt	+45 kt	-38 °C	75 kt	29 h 02 min	1:08 am PDT (08:08 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	260° at 43 kt	+46 kt	-47 °C	74 kt	29 h 25 min	1:31 am PDT (08:31 UTC)

Based on data from the 12th at 00:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 06:00 UTC for use 02:00 to 09:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
ACY	used from 0 nm out; 63 nm from the line	220/19	220/18 14°	210/36 9°	210/35 5°	220/36 -8°	240/49 -21°	220/90 -31°	230/103 -40°	230/81 -50°
PSB	used from 50 nm out; 73 nm from the line		360/13 13°	330/14 7°	300/11 3°	290/12 -11°	240/23 -23°	270/25 -36°	250/34 -40°	250/45 -48°
AGC	used from 150 nm out; 44 nm from the line	350/14	330/20 11°	340/18 8°	330/17 3°	340/22 -11°	340/31 -22°	330/33 -36°	300/34 -41°	300/35 -47°
CLE	used from 250 nm out; 54 nm from the line	340/7	010/16 13°	350/18 8°	350/20 3°	340/31 -10°	340/46 -21°	340/54 -37°	330/62 -44°	340/65 -49°
CMH	used from 349 nm out; 57 nm from the line	330/15	340/22 14°	340/24 9°	340/23 4°	340/35 -9°	340/49 -20°	340/58 -37°	330/70 -42°	340/55 -47°
FWA	used from 399 nm out; 35 nm from the line	300/17	320/20 16°	330/20 10°	340/15 3°	310/27 -8°	320/37 -20°	330/52 -36°	330/65 -43°	330/60 -50°
JOT	used from 549 nm out; 28 nm from the line	250/23	270/22 15°	250/16 10°	240/9 4°	280/22 -7°	280/29 -19°	300/29 -34°	290/50 -43°	300/64 -52°
BRL	used from 649 nm out; 63 nm from the line	230/24	240/29 15°	290/16 10°	280/15 4°	260/23 -7°	260/32 -19°	260/36 -33°	280/48 -41°	280/59 -52°
DSM	used from 799 nm out; 22 nm from the line	230/40	250/33 17°	250/18 12°	240/17 5°	260/28 -8°	270/34 -19°	260/41 -33°	260/55 -41°	270/62 -51°
OMA	used from 899 nm out; 20 nm from the line	220/47	240/33 19°	250/18 11°	230/17 6°	260/29 -8°	250/33 -19°	250/51 -33°	260/61 -40°	270/62 -49°
GRI	used from 999 nm out; 35 nm from the line		230/35 21°	230/23 13°	220/20 7°	240/25 -8°	240/37 -20°	250/49 -33°	260/57 -38°	260/58 -47°
GLD	used from 1148 nm out; 111 nm from the line		230/49	230/42 15°	220/26 8°	240/18 -7°	230/27 -21°	240/62 -30°	240/61 -35°	250/57 -47°
BFF	used from 1198 nm out; 84 nm from the line		180/28	220/33 15°	210/31 7°	230/32 -9°	220/41 -21°	220/40 -33°	240/47 -36°	250/54 -46°
DEN	used from 1298 nm out; 64 nm from the line			240/21 14°	250/44 6°	220/49 -8°	220/49 -21°	230/54 -30°	240/57 -35°	240/49 -45°
RKS	used from 1448 nm out; 95 nm from the line			200/41	220/44 1°	220/35 -11°	220/46 -24°	210/53 -27°	220/62 -35°	230/61 -44°
SLC	used from 1598 nm out; 70 nm from the line		200/5	230/8 2°	220/20 -2°	210/40 -12°	190/53 -25°	210/62 -30°	220/69 -34°	220/64 -43°
ELY	used from 1747 nm out; 45 nm from the line			200/39 3°	210/27 -2°	210/45 -15°	220/56 -24°	210/60 -28°	210/63 -34°	220/61 -43°
BAM	used from 1897 nm out; 100 nm from the line			310/7 0°	270/19 -7°	200/38 -17°	190/49 -28°	220/69 -29°	220/63 -33°	230/48 -41°
BIH	used from 1947 nm out; 82 nm from the line		L/V	240/7 1°	190/13 -3°	200/26 -16°	210/43 -26°	220/54 -28°	220/51 -35°	220/47 -43°
RNO	used from 1997 nm out; 68 nm from the line		010/9	320/10 -2°	210/23 -9°	210/34 -19°	220/36 -25°	230/31 -29°	230/41 -33°	230/38 -42°
SAC	used from 2047 nm out; 67 nm from the line	110/6	L/V 4°	010/11 -2°	350/11 -7°	340/24 -16°	360/44 -23°	330/24 -30°	270/21 -35°	230/23 -43°
SFO	used from 2147 nm out; 24 nm from the line	120/13	090/14 5°	040/14 -1°	350/17 -5°	360/42 -14°	360/64 -23°	350/38 -32°	300/19 -37°	250/18 -44°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
PHL Philadelphia, PA	departure	low IFR Sky: overcast at 400 feet Weather: light rain, mist	from the north-northeast (030°) at 10 knots	4 mi	400 ft	35 ft	10:59 pm EDT (02:59 UTC)
LNS Lancaster, PA	50 nm out, 5 nm north of the line, tower	IFR Sky: overcast at 700 feet	from the northeast (040°) at 9 knots	9 mi	700 ft	402 ft	02:53 UTC
MFD Mansfield, OH	339 nm out, 2 nm east of the line, tower	low IFR Sky: overcast at 300 feet Weather: mist	from the northwest (310°) at 3 knots	6 mi	300 ft	1,297 ft	02:52 UTC
FWA Fort Wayne, IN	459 nm out, 4 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 400 feet, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet	from the south (170°) at 3 knots	8 mi	none	814 ft	02:54 UTC
MLI Moline, IL	699 nm out, 8 nm north of the line, tower	VFR	from the south (180°) at 10 knots	10+ mi	none	589 ft	02:52 UTC
OMA Omaha, NE	939 nm out, 5 nm southwest of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a broken layer at 25,000 feet	from the south-southeast (160°) at 10 knots	10+ mi	25,000 ft	984 ft	02:52 UTC
OGA Ogallala, NE	1208 nm out, 2 nm north of the line	VFR	from the east (090°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	3,279 ft	02:55 UTC
CYS Cheyenne, WY	1348 nm out, 20 nm north of the line, tower	VFR	from the east (090°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	none	6,159 ft	02:53 UTC
PVU Provo, UT	1668 nm out, 17 nm north of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: a few clouds at 500 feet, a broken layer at 1,100 feet, overcast at 6,500 feet Weather: rain, mist	calm	6 mi	1,100 ft	4,496 ft	02:56 UTC
ELY Ely, NV	1817 nm out, 5 nm south of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 4,100 feet, a broken layer at 5,000 feet, overcast at 6,000 feet Weather: light rain	from the south (170°) at 10 knots	10+ mi	5,000 ft	6,259 ft	02:53 UTC
SCK Stockton, CA	2127 nm out, 5 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a broken layer at 9,000 feet	from the west (270°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	9,000 ft	32 ft	02:55 UTC
OAK Oakland, CA	destination	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 1,600 feet	from the southwest (220°) at 8 knots	10+ mi	none	9 ft	7:53 pm PDT (02:53 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 6,259 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At OAK when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 4:27 pm PDT (23:27 UTC)

Wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies VFR

The whole forecast for OAK

From Sun 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,000 feet
From Sun 7:00 pm PDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,000 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm PDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the east-southeast at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
From Mon 3:00 pm PDT (22:00 UTC): wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies

The forecast for PHL, the departure

From Sun 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the north-northeast at 8 knots, visibility 5 miles, light rain, mist, overcast at 500 feet
From Mon 6:00 am EDT (10:00 UTC): wind from the north-northeast at 10 knots, visibility 5 miles, mist, overcast at 800 feet
From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the north at 12 knots, gusting to 19, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 2,500 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the north at 12 knots, gusting to 21, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 5,000 feet
From Mon 6:00 pm EDT (22:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

6/8829 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 20 nm from the route, 260 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
6/8587 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local on the route, 260 nm along the route · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
6/7231 Santa Clara, CA, Sunday, October 11, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 UTC 21 nm from the route, at the destination end · drones kept away from a public gathering · until 12 October · ZOA

Daylight

Sunset at PHL 6:26 pm EDT (22:26 UTC), at OAK 6:35 pm PDT (01:35 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:02 pm PDT (02:02 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Philadelphia International, Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport.