Minneapolis-St Paul Intl/Wold-Chamberlain Airport to Sacramento International MSP → SMF
1,316 nautical miles (1,514 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 264°, about 264° magnetic at the departure end (variation 0E). At 120 knots that is 12 h 11 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 12-knot headwind), arriving about 5:30 pm PDT (00:30 UTC). Right now MSP is VFR, wind from the southwest (220°) at 6 knots; SMF is VFR, wind from the south-southwest (210°) at 3 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1,192 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- SIGMET W23W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 27,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 8:55 am CDT (13:55 UTC). Over the route from 857 to 927 nm out.
as issued
WSUS33 KKCI 121155 MKCW WST 121155 CONVECTIVE SIGMET 23W VALID UNTIL 1355Z UT ID FROM 20WSW PIH-20NE MLD-30SW SLC-20NW BVL-20WSW PIH AREA TS MOV FROM 24020KT. TOPS TO FL270.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 80 to 478 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 488 to 608 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) from 34,000 ft to 43,000 ft. Over the route from 548 to 598 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 568 to 1056 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 22,000 ft. Near the route, 578 nm along the route.
- AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Near the route, 608 nm along the route.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 628 to 1096 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 12,000 ft. Near the route, 807 nm along the route.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the last 179 nm of the route.
- AIRMET SIERRA 2E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 1256 nm along the route.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from MSP.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
- BE9L at 17,000 ft, 5 nm north, 4:42 am CDT (09:42 UTC): light rime icing from 15,000 ft to 17,000 ft, 0 °C, remarks: zdvwc. 598 nm along the route, 5 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
CPR UA /OV DDY250025/TM 0942/FL170/TP BE9L/TA 00/IC LGT RIME 150-170/RM ZDVWC
- Report
- a routine report filed through CPR
- Where
- 25 nm west (250°) of DDY
- Time
- 09:42 UTC
- Height
- at 17,000 ft
- Aircraft
- BE9L
- Temperature
- 0 °C
- Icing
- light rime from 15,000 ft to 17,000 ft
- Remarks
- zdvwc
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 12 forecast points nearest it (MSP, AXN, FSD, ABR, PIR, RAP, LND, RKS, SLC, BAM, RNO, SAC). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,500 ft | 230° at 13 kt | +12 kt | 16 °C | 108 kt | 12 h 11 min | 5:30 pm PDT (00:30 UTC) |
| 6,500 ft | 240° at 15 kt | +14 kt | 15 °C | 106 kt | 12 h 25 min | 5:44 pm PDT (00:44 UTC) |
| 8,500 ft | 240° at 15 kt | +15 kt | 7 °C | 105 kt | 12 h 32 min | 5:51 pm PDT (00:51 UTC) |
| 10,500 ft | 240° at 20 kt | +19 kt | 2 °C | 101 kt | 13 h 02 min | 6:21 pm PDT (01:21 UTC) |
| 12,500 ft | 240° at 24 kt | +22 kt | -2 °C | 98 kt | 13 h 26 min | 6:45 pm PDT (01:45 UTC) |
| 14,500 ft | 230° at 25 kt | +22 kt | -6 °C | 98 kt | 13 h 26 min | 6:45 pm PDT (01:45 UTC) |
| 16,500 ft | 220° at 27 kt | +22 kt | -10 °C | 98 kt | 13 h 26 min | 6:45 pm PDT (01:45 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 220° at 28 kt | +22 kt | -13 °C | 98 kt | 13 h 26 min | 6:45 pm PDT (01:45 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 230° at 35 kt | +30 kt | -24 °C | 90 kt | 14 h 37 min | 7:56 pm PDT (02:56 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 230° at 40 kt | +37 kt | -33 °C | 83 kt | 15 h 51 min | 9:10 pm PDT (04:10 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 240° at 44 kt | +42 kt | -37 °C | 78 kt | 16 h 52 min | 10:11 pm PDT (05:11 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 240° at 45 kt | +44 kt | -45 °C | 76 kt | 17 h 19 min | 10:38 pm PDT (05:38 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSP | used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line | 250/12 | 250/17 17° | 240/26 12° | 250/26 5° | 280/26 -9° | 280/32 -22° | 270/37 -38° | 280/47 -41° | 280/55 -48° |
| AXN | used from 50 nm out; 71 nm from the line | 110/6 | 260/10 16° | 240/17 12° | 250/20 5° | 260/29 -10° | 260/35 -22° | 260/29 -38° | 270/48 -41° | 270/61 -48° |
| FSD | used from 100 nm out; 67 nm from the line | 210/20 | 230/23 21° | 220/25 14° | 230/30 5° | 230/26 -9° | 240/30 -21° | 270/33 -36° | 260/47 -37° | 270/58 -47° |
| ABR | used from 199 nm out; 66 nm from the line | 080/12 | 210/12 17° | 220/22 12° | 230/26 5° | 220/28 -10° | 230/41 -21° | 250/36 -36° | 260/47 -39° | 260/63 -47° |
| PIR | used from 249 nm out; 33 nm from the line | 230/15 15° | 220/22 14° | 220/24 6° | 200/32 -10° | 210/48 -22° | 240/45 -33° | 240/43 -37° | 250/55 -46° | |
| RAP | used from 349 nm out; 55 nm from the line | 250/28 16° | 260/31 10° | 240/25 4° | 210/35 -10° | 200/45 -23° | 230/47 -31° | 230/47 -36° | 230/51 -46° | |
| LND | used from 548 nm out; 110 nm from the line | 240/10 3° | 240/30 0° | 220/42 -13° | 230/52 -23° | 220/54 -33° | 220/52 -36° | 220/53 -44° | ||
| RKS | used from 747 nm out; 74 nm from the line | 250/9 | 230/21 -1° | 210/43 -14° | 220/59 -23° | 220/55 -32° | 220/53 -35° | 220/48 -44° | ||
| SLC | used from 797 nm out; 64 nm from the line | 200/16 | 210/23 4° | 220/34 -3° | 210/40 -16° | 220/66 -23° | 220/64 -31° | 220/57 -36° | 220/50 -43° | |
| BAM | used from 947 nm out; 99 nm from the line | 280/9 -2° | 260/18 -8° | 190/47 -19° | 200/50 -29° | 210/56 -29° | 220/54 -34° | 220/45 -42° | ||
| RNO | used from 1146 nm out; 48 nm from the line | 010/6 | 270/12 -3° | 220/26 -10° | 280/13 -19° | 350/44 -24° | 320/30 -32° | 260/22 -36° | 240/24 -42° | |
| SAC | used from 1246 nm out; 47 nm from the line | L/V | L/V 4° | 340/9 -4° | 340/22 -8° | 360/71 -12° | 360/82 -23° | 350/58 -37° | 310/30 -40° | 270/25 -44° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSP Minneapolis, MN | departure | VFR | from the southwest (220°) at 6 knots | 10+ mi | none | 841 ft | 6:53 am CDT (11:53 UTC) |
| GYL Glencoe, MN | 40 nm out, 4 nm southeast of the line | VFR | from the west-southwest (250°) at 3 knots | 10+ mi | none | 992 ft | 12:15 UTC |
| HON Huron, SD | 219 nm out, 3 nm northeast of the line | low IFR Sky: overcast at 200 feet Weather: mist | from the north (360°) at 8 knots | 2 mi | 200 ft | 1,288 ft | 11:55 UTC |
| PHP Philip, SD | 359 nm out, 10 nm northwest of the line | IFR Sky: overcast at 500 feet | from the northeast (050°) at 5 knots | 10+ mi | 500 ft | 2,209 ft | 11:55 UTC |
| RAP Rapid City, SD | 419 nm out, 23 nm northwest of the line, tower | low IFR Sky: sky obscured at 200 feet Weather: light rain, fog | from the east (100°) at 4 knots | 0.5 mi | 200 ft | 3,203 ft | 12:03 UTC |
| CPR Casper, WY | 588 nm out, 7 nm southeast of the line, tower | VFR Sky: overcast at 5,500 feet | from the west-southwest (240°) at 9 knots | 10+ mi | 5,500 ft | 5,344 ft | 11:53 UTC |
| EMM Kemmerer, WY | 777 nm out, 16 nm south of the line | VFR Sky: a broken layer at 4,800 feet, overcast at 6,000 feet | calm | 10+ mi | 4,800 ft | 7,288 ft | 11:55 UTC |
| LGU Logan, UT | 837 nm out, 5 nm northeast of the line | VFR Sky: a few clouds at 700 feet, a broken layer at 4,800 feet, overcast at 6,000 feet Weather: light rain, mist | calm | 6 mi | 4,800 ft | 4,456 ft | 11:51 UTC |
| EKO Elko, NV | 1017 nm out, 10 nm northwest of the line | VFR Sky: a broken layer at 4,800 feet, overcast at 7,000 feet Weather: light rain | calm | 10+ mi | 4,800 ft | 5,139 ft | 11:56 UTC |
| FLX Fallon, NV | 1176 nm out, 11 nm southeast of the line | no report just now | 3,966 ft | ||||
| TRK Truckee, CA | 1236 nm out, 6 nm northwest of the line, tower | VFR | calm | 10+ mi | none | 5,904 ft | 11:55 UTC |
| SMF Sacramento, CA | destination | VFR Sky: a few clouds at 11,000 feet | from the south-southwest (210°) at 3 knots | 10+ mi | none | 26 ft | 4:53 am PDT (11:53 UTC) |
The highest airport on this list sits at 7,288 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At SMF when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 5:30 pm PDT (00:30 UTC)
Wind from the north-northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies VFR
The whole forecast for SMF
- From Mon 5:00 am PDT (12:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
- From Mon 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the north-northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
- From Mon 10:00 pm PDT (05:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
The forecast for MSP, the departure
- From Mon 7:00 am CDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 20,000 feet
- From Mon 3:00 pm CDT (20:00 UTC): wind from the west at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 10,000 feet
- From Mon 7:00 pm CDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the north at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 5,000 feet
- From Mon 10:00 pm CDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, a broken layer at 3,500 feet
- From Tue 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 2,500 feet
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
- 6/6656 ANOKA, MN, Monday, October 5, 2026 through Monday, October 19, 2026 Local 19 nm from the route, at the departure end · security · until 19 October · ZMP
- 6/3475 BEALE AFB, CA, Sunday, March 8, 2026 through Sunday, November 1, 2026 Local 11 nm from the route, at the destination end · security · until 1 November · ZOA
Daylight
Sunset at MSP 6:33 pm CDT (23:33 UTC), at SMF 6:31 pm PDT (01:31 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:57 pm PDT (01:57 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads







Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Minneapolis-St Paul Intl/Wold-Chamberlain Airport, Sacramento International.
