Plan a flight · Sun 8:26 pm EDT (00:26 UTC)

Miami International to Frederick Douglass/Greater Rochester International MIA → ROC

1,048 nautical miles (1,206 statute miles) north on a straight line, true course 006°, about 011° magnetic at the departure end (variation 5W). At 120 knots that is 6 h 01 min at the quickest height in today's winds (34,000 ft, a 54-knot tailwind), arriving about 2:27 am EDT (06:27 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now MIA is VFR, wind from the east-southeast (110°) at 7 knots; ROC is marginal VFR, wind from the south-southeast (150°) at 6 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 44 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

SIGMET E18E: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 45,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 15 knots, until 9:55 pm EDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 100 to 140 nm out.

as issued

WSUS31 KKCI 112355
MKCE WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 18E
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
FL AND FL GA CSTL WTRS
FROM 180SSE ILM-150ENE TRV-60NE PBI-20S TRV-140SE CHS-180SSE ILM
AREA TS MOV FROM 23015KT. TOPS ABV FL450.

SIGMET E17E: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 31,000 ft, moving from the west at 15 knots, until 9:55 pm EDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 629 to 779 nm out.

as issued

WSUS31 KKCI 112355
MKCE WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 17E
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
PA MD VA NC WV OH KY
FROM 30WSW EWC-20E RIC-70NNE ILM-70W BKW-10ESE APE-30WSW EWC
AREA TS MOV FROM 28015KT. TOPS TO FL310.

SIGMET E16E: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 32,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 25 knots, until 9:55 pm EDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 818 to 828 nm out.

as issued

WSUS31 KKCI 112355
MKCE WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 16E
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
NY NJ PA DE MD VA DC WV AND NJ NY CSTL WTRS
FROM SAX-30SE JFK-10N DCA-60ENE EKN-SAX
AREA EMBD TS MOV FROM 22025KT. TOPS TO FL320.

AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 739 to 1018 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 21,000 ft to 33,000 ft. Over the last 299 nm of the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 759 to 1018 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 868 to 1008 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the last 180 nm of the route.
AIRMET ZULU 1C: moderate icing up to 24,000 ft. Over the last 40 nm of the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from MIA.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

B738 at 19,000 ft, 24 nm west, 6:05 pm EDT (22:05 UTC): moderate turbulence. At the departure end, 24 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PBI UA /OV PBI260030/TM 2205/FL190/TP B738/TB CONS MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through PBI
Where
30 nm west (260°) of PBI
Time
22:05 UTC
Height
at 19,000 ft
Aircraft
B738
Turbulence
continuous moderate
BCS3 at 13,000 ft, 9 nm west, 6:44 pm EDT (22:44 UTC): moderate turbulence from 10,000 ft to 13,000 ft. 100 nm along the route, 9 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
MLB UA /OV MLB160045/TM 2244/FL130/TP BCS3/TB MOD 100-130
```
Report
a routine report filed through MLB
Where
45 nm south (160°) of MLB
Time
22:44 UTC
Height
at 13,000 ft
Aircraft
BCS3
Turbulence
moderate from 10,000 ft to 13,000 ft
CL30 at 18,000 ft, 23 nm east, 7:44 pm EDT (23:44 UTC): moderate turbulence. 110 nm along the route, 23 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PBI UA /OV PBI026062/TM 2344/FL180/TP CL30/TB MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through PBI
Where
62 nm northeast (026°) of PBI
Time
23:44 UTC
Height
at 18,000 ft
Aircraft
CL30
Turbulence
moderate
E145 at 9,000 ft, 26 nm west, 5:56 pm EDT (21:56 UTC): moderate turbulence, overcast up to 9,000 ft, heavy rain. 689 nm along the route, 26 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LYH UA /OV LYH/TM 2156/FL090/TP E145/SK OVCUNKN-TOP090/WX +RA/TB MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through LYH
Where
over LYH
Time
21:56 UTC
Height
at 9,000 ft
Aircraft
E145
Sky
overcast, tops 9,000 ft
Weather
heavy rain
Turbulence
moderate
E170 at 22,500 ft, 9 nm west, 7:44 pm EDT (23:44 UTC): moderate clear-air turbulence from 18,000 ft to 22,500 ft, remarks: during the descent FRDMM7 star. 808 nm along the route, 9 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
OKV UA /OV ESL100020/TM 2344/FL225/TP E170/TB CONS MOD CAT 180-225/RM DURD FRDMM7 STAR
```
Report
a routine report filed through OKV
Where
20 nm east (100°) of ESL
Time
23:44 UTC
Height
at 22,500 ft
Aircraft
E170
Turbulence
continuous moderate clear-air turbulence from 18,000 ft to 22,500 ft
Remarks
during the descent FRDMM7 star
C25B at 25,000 ft, 5 nm southeast, 5:47 pm EDT (21:47 UTC): moderate rime icing, 0 °C. 918 nm along the route, 5 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PSB UA /OV PSB/TM 2147/FL250/TP C25B/TA 0/IC MOD RIME
```
Report
a routine report filed through PSB
Where
over PSB
Time
21:47 UTC
Height
at 25,000 ft
Aircraft
C25B
Temperature
0 °C
Icing
moderate rime
E170 at 25,000 ft, 35 nm west, 6:37 pm EDT (22:37 UTC): moderate turbulence above 25,000 ft, remarks: zob. At the destination end, 35 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BUF UA /OV BUF120010/TM 2237/FL250/TP E170/TB MOD 250/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through BUF
Where
10 nm southeast (120°) of BUF
Time
22:37 UTC
Height
at 25,000 ft
Aircraft
E170
Turbulence
moderate at 25,000 ft
Remarks
zob
DH8D at 19,000 ft, 0 nm southwest, 7:35 pm EDT (23:35 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: zob. At the destination end, 0 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV ROC/TM 2335/FL190/TP DH8D/TB CONS MOD CHOP/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
over ROC
Time
23:35 UTC
Height
at 19,000 ft
Aircraft
DH8D
Turbulence
continuous moderate chop
Remarks
zob
BCS3 climbing, 6 nm northeast, 6:05 pm EDT (22:05 UTC): a broken layer above 3,500 ft. 50 nm along the route, 6 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PBI UA /OV DJT280005/TM 2205/FLDURC/TP BCS3/SK BKN035
```
Report
a routine report filed through PBI
Where
5 nm west (280°) of DJT
Time
22:05 UTC
Height
during the climb
Aircraft
BCS3
Sky
a broken layer from 3,500 ft
A321 descending, 6 nm northeast, 5:30 pm EDT (21:30 UTC): thunderstorms. 50 nm along the route, 6 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PBI UA /OV DJT280001/TM 2130/FLDURD/TP A321/WV +/- 10 KNOTS ON FINAL
```
Report
a routine report filed through PBI
Where
1 nm west (280°) of DJT
Time
21:30 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
A321
Wind
+ 10 knots on final
B738 at 19,000 ft, 7 nm west, 8:21 pm EDT (00:21 UTC): light chop turbulence above 19,000 ft. 80 nm along the route, 7 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PBI UA /OV PBI344028/TM 0021/FL190/TP B738/TB CONS LGT CHOP 190
```
Report
a routine report filed through PBI
Where
28 nm north (344°) of PBI
Time
00:21 UTC
Height
at 19,000 ft
Aircraft
B738
Turbulence
continuous light chop at 19,000 ft
BCS3 at 24,000 ft, 15 nm west, 6:19 pm EDT (22:19 UTC): light to moderate turbulence. 80 nm along the route, 15 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
VRB UA /OV TRV180035/TM 2219/FL240/TP BCS3/TB CONS LGT-MOD
```
Report
a routine report filed through VRB
Where
35 nm south (180°) of TRV
Time
22:19 UTC
Height
at 24,000 ft
Aircraft
BCS3
Turbulence
continuous light to moderate
BCS3 at 26,000 ft, 8 nm northwest, 7:07 pm EDT (23:07 UTC): light turbulence. 90 nm along the route, 8 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
MLB UA /OV MLB160050/TM 2307/FL260/TP BCS3/TB LGT
```
Report
a routine report filed through MLB
Where
50 nm south (160°) of MLB
Time
23:07 UTC
Height
at 26,000 ft
Aircraft
BCS3
Turbulence
light
SF50 at 8,000 ft, 5 nm east, 6:34 pm EDT (22:34 UTC): no turbulence. 90 nm along the route, 5 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
VRB UA /OV VRB145032/TM 2234/FL080/TP SF50/TB NEG
```
Report
a routine report filed through VRB
Where
32 nm southeast (145°) of VRB
Time
22:34 UTC
Height
at 8,000 ft
Aircraft
SF50
Turbulence
none

16 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 20:00–03:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 12 forecast points nearest it (MIA, MLB, JAX, SAV, CHS, FLO, RDU, ROA, RIC, EKN, PSB, BUF). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
3,500 ft	240° at 15 kt	−9 kt		129 kt	8 h 07 min	4:33 am EDT (08:33 UTC)
5,500 ft	260° at 15 kt	−4 kt	13 °C	124 kt	8 h 27 min	4:53 am EDT (08:53 UTC)
7,500 ft	250° at 16 kt	−6 kt	12 °C	126 kt	8 h 19 min	4:45 am EDT (08:45 UTC)
9,500 ft	240° at 18 kt	−10 kt	10 °C	130 kt	8 h 04 min	4:30 am EDT (08:30 UTC)
11,500 ft	240° at 20 kt	−12 kt	7 °C	132 kt	7 h 56 min	4:22 am EDT (08:22 UTC)
13,500 ft	240° at 23 kt	−15 kt	3 °C	135 kt	7 h 46 min	4:12 am EDT (08:12 UTC)
15,500 ft	230° at 28 kt	−19 kt	-1 °C	139 kt	7 h 32 min	3:58 am EDT (07:58 UTC)
17,500 ft	230° at 32 kt	−22 kt	-5 °C	142 kt	7 h 23 min	3:49 am EDT (07:49 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	230° at 33 kt	−23 kt	-6 °C	143 kt	7 h 20 min	3:46 am EDT (07:46 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	220° at 42 kt	−35 kt	-17 °C	155 kt	6 h 46 min	3:12 am EDT (07:12 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	220° at 56 kt	−49 kt	-31 °C	169 kt	6 h 12 min	2:38 am EDT (06:38 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	210° at 59 kt	−54 kt	-40 °C	174 kt	6 h 01 min	2:27 am EDT (06:27 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	220° at 54 kt	−47 kt	-51 °C	167 kt	6 h 17 min	2:43 am EDT (06:43 UTC)

Based on data from the 11th at 18:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 00:00 UTC for use 20:00 to 03:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
MIA	used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line	190/8	L/V 18°	180/5 14°	L/V 9°	190/10 -5°	160/10 -16°	150/13 -30°	160/26 -40°	150/23 -52°
MLB	used from 50 nm out; 70 nm from the line	240/7	240/11 17°	240/13 13°	250/15 8°	230/25 -5°	210/25 -16°	210/24 -31°	190/29 -41°	190/27 -53°
JAX	used from 250 nm out; 103 nm from the line	280/14	300/22 16°	260/27 15°	260/26 9°	240/41 -6°	230/38 -16°	220/44 -32°	200/49 -41°	200/52 -53°
SAV	used from 299 nm out; 101 nm from the line	260/18	290/26 13°	270/33 12°	260/40 9°	240/47 -5°	230/53 -16°	220/61 -31°	210/64 -41°	210/64 -52°
CHS	used from 349 nm out; 62 nm from the line	260/22	280/26 12°	260/37 12°	250/40 8°	240/54 -4°	230/55 -15°	220/61 -31°	200/66 -41°	210/62 -52°
FLO	used from 449 nm out; 41 nm from the line	240/25	270/23 11°	250/36 10°	240/38 7°	240/50 -4°	230/66 -15°	220/75 -30°	210/77 -40°	220/73 -52°
RDU	used from 549 nm out; 37 nm from the line	240/28	250/22 10°	230/30 11°	230/40 7°	230/45 -4°	220/69 -15°	220/83 -29°	210/84 -40°	220/75 -52°
ROA	used from 649 nm out; 64 nm from the line	280/9	290/15 12°	290/11 8°	210/6 3°	210/30 -6°	220/46 -19°	210/74 -30°	220/78 -39°	220/64 -48°
RIC	used from 699 nm out; 63 nm from the line	190/33	200/29 14°	210/31 12°	210/38 6°	230/42 -7°	230/68 -16°	220/84 -29°	220/86 -40°	220/81 -52°
EKN	used from 749 nm out; 67 nm from the line		270/18 13°	310/5 7°	140/7 3°	210/16 -9°	220/41 -20°	210/57 -32°	220/57 -38°	230/49 -47°
PSB	used from 848 nm out; 39 nm from the line		260/13 13°	220/12 8°	220/11 4°	230/27 -11°	210/31 -21°	220/73 -32°	220/75 -40°	230/66 -50°
BUF	used from 998 nm out; 45 nm from the line	170/19	L/V 10°	040/9 6°	220/8 2°	230/15 -11°	220/33 -22°	220/47 -35°	230/55 -41°	230/56 -50°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
MIA Miami, FL	departure	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 1,800 feet	from the east-southeast (110°) at 7 knots	10+ mi	none	9 ft	7:53 pm EDT (23:53 UTC)
FLL Fort Lauderdale, FL	20 nm out, 6 nm southeast of the line, tower	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 2,700 feet, scattered clouds at 3,700 feet	from the south-southeast (150°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	none	65 ft	23:53 UTC
VRB Vero Beach, FL	110 nm out, 19 nm west of the line, tower	VFR	calm	9 mi	none	23 ft	23:53 UTC
MYR Myrtle Beach, SC	479 nm out, 15 nm east of the line, tower	VFR	from the west-southwest (250°) at 9 knots	10+ mi	none	25 ft	00:02 UTC
RDU Raleigh/Durham, NC	609 nm out, 6 nm east of the line, tower	VFR Sky: overcast at 4,800 feet	from the west-southwest (240°) at 16 knots, gusting to 22	10+ mi	4,800 ft	435 ft	23:51 UTC
TDF Roxboro, NC	629 nm out, 8 nm northwest of the line	VFR Sky: overcast at 5,000 feet	from the southwest (230°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	5,000 ft	608 ft	00:15 UTC
CHO Charlottesville, VA	749 nm out, 5 nm southeast of the line, tower	IFR Sky: a broken layer at 600 feet, overcast at 1,200 feet Weather: light rain, mist	from the north (010°) at 6 knots	5 mi	600 ft	640 ft	00:11 UTC
UNV State College, PA	908 nm out, 11 nm east of the line, tower	IFR Sky: scattered clouds at 400 feet, a broken layer at 900 feet, overcast at 1,400 feet Weather: light rain, mist	from the north-northeast (020°) at 6 knots	2.5 mi	900 ft	1,231 ft	23:53 UTC
DSV Dansville, NY	1018 nm out, 4 nm southeast of the line	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 500 feet, overcast at 5,000 feet	calm	8 mi	5,000 ft	659 ft	23:54 UTC
ROC Rochester, NY	destination	marginal VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 2,100 feet, overcast at 4,500 feet Weather: light rain, mist	from the south-southeast (150°) at 6 knots	4 mi	4,500 ft	558 ft	8:03 pm EDT (00:03 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 1,231 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At ROC when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 2:27 am EDT (06:27 UTC)

Wind calm, visibility 6 miles, mist, a broken layer at 700 feet IFR

The whole forecast for ROC

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the southeast at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, light rain, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Sun 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the southeast at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,500 feet
30% chance between Sun 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC) and 12:00 am EDT (04:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain, overcast at 1,000 feet
From Mon 1:00 am EDT (05:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility 6 miles, mist, a broken layer at 700 feet
From Mon 3:00 am EDT (07:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility 4 miles, mist, overcast at 300 feet
From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the west at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 2,000 feet

The forecast for MIA, the departure

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet
From Mon 12:00 pm EDT (16:00 UTC): wind from the north-northeast at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, showers nearby, scattered clouds at 2,500 feet, scattered clouds at 5,000 feet
From Mon 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the north-northeast at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

5/2809 Palm Beach, FL, Monday, October 20, 2025 through Tuesday, October 20, 2026 Local 8 nm from the route, 50 nm along the route · security · until 20 October · ZMA
6/8508 Johnsontown, NC 23 nm from the route, 539 nm along the route · security · ZDC
6/8713 Maxton, NC, Friday, October 16, 2026 through Sunday, October 18, 2026 UTC 10 nm from the route, 539 nm along the route · air shows/sports · starts Friday 16 October · ZDC

Daylight

Sunset at MIA 6:56 pm EDT (22:56 UTC), at ROC 6:33 pm EDT (22:33 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:01 pm EDT (23:01 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at ROC is before sunrise there (7:20 am EDT (11:20 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Southeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Miami International, Frederick Douglass/Greater Rochester International.