The U.S. aircraft register, updated daily
Plan a flight · Mon 2:32 am CDT (07:32 UTC)

Chicago Midway International to Sacramento International MDW → SMF

1,552 nautical miles (1,786 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 274°, about 278° magnetic at the departure end (variation 4W). At 120 knots that is 14 h 30 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 13-knot headwind), arriving about 3:02 pm PDT (22:02 UTC). Right now MDW is VFR, wind from the south-southwest (210°) at 4 knots; SMF is VFR, wind from the southwest (220°) at 3 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1,342 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The return flight

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

  • SIGMET W16W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 27,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 3:55 am CDT (08:55 UTC). Over the route from 1204 to 1283 nm out.
    as issued
    WSUS33 KKCI 120655
    MKCW WST 120655
    CONVECTIVE SIGMET 16W
    VALID UNTIL 0855Z
    UT NV
    FROM 50NW BVL-20NE BVL-40SE OAL-20N OAL-50NW BVL
    AREA TS MOV FROM 24020KT. TOPS TO FL270.
  • AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist), from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Near the route, at the departure end.
  • AIRMET TANGO 3W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground), from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the route from 119 to 686 nm out.
  • AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist), from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Near the route, 527 nm along the route.
  • AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 38,000 ft, from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the route from 666 to 1064 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft, from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the route from 716 to 1214 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground), from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the route from 786 to 955 nm out.
  • AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist), from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the route from 846 to 1323 nm out.
  • AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft, from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the route from 865 to 1353 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots), from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the route from 875 to 955 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft, from 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC). Over the last 99 nm of the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from MDW.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

No pilot reports within 50 nautical miles of the line in the last three hours.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 02:00–09:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 13 forecast points nearest it (JOT, DBQ, DSM, OMA, ONL, BFF, DEN, RKS, SLC, ELY, BAM, RNO, SAC). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

HeightAverage windHead- or tailwindTemperatureGround speedTime en routeArrival
4,500 ft220° at 20 kt+13 kt20 °C107 kt14 h 30 min3:02 pm PDT (22:02 UTC)
6,500 ft230° at 17 kt+14 kt16 °C106 kt14 h 38 min3:10 pm PDT (22:10 UTC)
8,500 ft230° at 18 kt+15 kt9 °C105 kt14 h 47 min3:19 pm PDT (22:19 UTC)
10,500 ft230° at 20 kt+16 kt5 °C104 kt14 h 55 min3:27 pm PDT (22:27 UTC)
12,500 ft230° at 22 kt+18 kt1 °C102 kt15 h 13 min3:45 pm PDT (22:45 UTC)
14,500 ft230° at 24 kt+20 kt-4 °C100 kt15 h 31 min4:03 pm PDT (23:03 UTC)
16,500 ft230° at 26 kt+22 kt-8 °C98 kt15 h 50 min4:22 pm PDT (23:22 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180230° at 28 kt+24 kt-11 °C96 kt16 h 10 min4:42 pm PDT (23:42 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240220° at 33 kt+27 kt-22 °C93 kt16 h 41 min5:13 pm PDT (00:13 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300230° at 43 kt+37 kt-31 °C83 kt18 h 42 min7:14 pm PDT (02:14 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340240° at 50 kt+48 kt-37 °C72 kt21 h 33 min10:05 pm PDT (05:05 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390250° at 51 kt+52 kt-46 °C68 kt22 h 49 min11:21 pm PDT (06:21 UTC)

Based on data from the 12th at 00:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 06:00 UTC for use 02:00 to 09:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued
PointFrom3,0006,0009,00012,00018,00024,00030,00034,00039,000
JOTused from 0 nm out; 19 nm from the line250/23270/22 15°250/16 10°240/9 4°280/22 -7°280/29 -19°300/29 -34°290/50 -43°300/64 -52°
DBQused from 99 nm out; 30 nm from the line230/33250/30 16°280/15 9°260/15 5°260/21 -7°260/24 -20°250/37 -33°270/42 -43°280/63 -52°
DSMused from 199 nm out; 48 nm from the line230/40250/33 17°250/18 12°240/17 5°260/28 -8°270/34 -19°260/41 -33°260/55 -41°270/62 -51°
OMAused from 298 nm out; 58 nm from the line220/47240/33 19°250/18 11°230/17 6°260/29 -8°250/33 -19°250/51 -33°260/61 -40°270/62 -49°
ONLused from 448 nm out; 37 nm from the line210/31 20°230/27 13°230/18 7°220/19 -8°240/26 -20°250/44 -35°270/52 -39°260/57 -47°
BFFused from 597 nm out; 87 nm from the line180/28220/33 15°210/31 7°230/32 -9°220/41 -21°220/40 -33°240/47 -36°250/54 -46°
DENused from 796 nm out; 112 nm from the line240/21 14°250/44 6°220/49 -8°220/49 -21°230/54 -30°240/57 -35°240/49 -45°
RKSused from 846 nm out; 88 nm from the line200/41220/44 1°220/35 -11°220/46 -24°210/53 -27°220/62 -35°230/61 -44°
SLCused from 995 nm out; 72 nm from the line200/5230/8 2°220/20 -2°210/40 -12°190/53 -25°210/62 -30°220/69 -34°220/64 -43°
ELYused from 1194 nm out; 54 nm from the line200/39 3°210/27 -2°210/45 -15°220/56 -24°210/60 -28°210/63 -34°220/61 -43°
BAMused from 1293 nm out; 49 nm from the line310/7 0°270/19 -7°200/38 -17°190/49 -28°220/69 -29°220/63 -33°230/48 -41°
RNOused from 1393 nm out; 44 nm from the line010/9320/10 -2°210/23 -9°210/34 -19°220/36 -25°230/31 -29°230/41 -33°230/38 -42°
SACused from 1492 nm out; 36 nm from the line110/6L/V 4°010/11 -2°350/11 -7°340/24 -16°360/44 -23°330/24 -30°270/21 -35°230/23 -43°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

AirportWhereConditionsWindVisibilityCeilingElevationReported
MDW Chicago, IL departure VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 25,000 feet from the south-southwest (210°) at 4 knots 10+ mi none 619 ft 1:53 am CDT (06:53 UTC)
ARR Chicago/Aurora, IL 30 nm out, 4 nm southwest of the line, tower VFR calm 10+ mi none 712 ft 06:52 UTC
CID Cedar Rapids, IA 179 nm out, 4 nm southeast of the line, tower VFR from the south (180°) at 6 knots 10+ mi none 869 ft 02:52 UTC
DNS Denison, IA 338 nm out, 3 nm west of the line VFR from the south (190°) at 9 knots 10+ mi none 1,274 ft 07:15 UTC
BUB Burwell, NE 507 nm out, 7 nm south of the line no report just now 2,183 ft
CYS Cheyenne, WY 766 nm out, 22 nm south of the line, tower VFR from the west-southwest (240°) at 21 knots, gusting to 31 10+ mi none 6,159 ft 06:53 UTC
LAR Laramie, WY 806 nm out, 8 nm south of the line VFR from the southwest (220°) at 13 knots, gusting to 32 10+ mi none 7,283 ft 06:53 UTC
BTF Bountiful, UT 1084 nm out, 14 nm northwest of the line no report just now 4,237 ft
SLC Salt Lake City, UT 1094 nm out, 9 nm north of the line, tower VFR Sky: a few clouds at 4,300 feet, scattered clouds at 6,500 feet, a broken layer at 13,000 feet, overcast at 17,000 feet from the east-southeast (120°) at 5 knots 10+ mi 13,000 ft 4,230 ft 06:54 UTC
TMT Austin, NV 1343 nm out, 13 nm south of the line VFR Sky: a broken layer at 6,000 feet, overcast at 8,000 feet from the west (270°) at 3 knots 10+ mi 6,000 ft 5,735 ft 07:15 UTC
TRK Truckee, CA 1472 nm out, 16 nm northwest of the line, tower VFR from the west-southwest (240°) at 6 knots 10+ mi none 5,904 ft 07:15 UTC
SMF Sacramento, CA destination VFR Sky: a broken layer at 11,000 feet from the southwest (220°) at 3 knots 10+ mi 11,000 ft 26 ft 11:53 pm PDT (06:53 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 7,283 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At SMF when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 3:02 pm PDT (22:02 UTC)

Wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for SMF
  • From Sun 11:00 pm PDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the south-southeast at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
  • From Mon 5:00 am PDT (12:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
  • From Mon 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the north-northwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
The forecast for MDW, the departure
  • From Mon 1:00 am CDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the south at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet
  • From Mon 12:00 pm CDT (17:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 13 knots, gusting to 24, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 25,000 feet
  • From Mon 6:00 pm CDT (23:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 12,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

  • 6/3475 BEALE AFB, CA, Sunday, March 8, 2026 through Sunday, November 1, 2026 Local 13 nm from the route, at the destination end · security · until 1 November · ZOA

Daylight

Sunset at MDW 6:14 pm CDT (23:14 UTC), at SMF 6:31 pm PDT (01:31 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:57 pm PDT (01:57 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley
Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service
Radar now, the northern Rockies
Radar now, the northern Rockies · loop National Weather Service
Radar now, the southern Rockies
Radar now, the southern Rockies · loop National Weather Service
Radar, the whole country
Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service
Surface analysis now
Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center
Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead
Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center
Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead
Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Chicago Midway International, Sacramento International.