Hayward Executive to Bozeman Yellowstone International HWD → BZN
691 nautical miles (795 statute miles) northeast on a straight line, true course 042°, about 027° magnetic at the departure end (variation 15E). At 120 knots that is 4 h 18 min at the quickest height in today's winds (34,000 ft, a 41-knot tailwind), arriving about 9:27 am MDT (15:27 UTC). Right now HWD is VFR, wind from the east-northeast (070°) at 4 knots; BZN is marginal VFR, wind from the southwest (230°) at 3 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 2 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the first 286 nm of the route.
- AIRMET SIERRA 2E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Near the route, 109 nm along the route.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 425 to 612 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the last 227 nm of the route.
- AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the last 217 nm of the route.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 18,000 ft. Over the last 59 nm of the route.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from HWD.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
- A35K at 32,000 ft, 21 nm northwest, 1:39 am PDT (08:39 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: fdcs zoa. At the departure end, 21 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
OAK UA /OV OAK348024/TM 0839/FL320/TP A35K/TB MOD CHOP/RM FDCS ZOA
- Report
- a routine report filed through OAK
- Where
- 24 nm north (348°) of OAK
- Time
- 08:39 UTC
- Height
- at 32,000 ft
- Aircraft
- A35K
- Turbulence
- moderate chop
- Remarks
- fdcs zoa
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 7 forecast points nearest it (SFO, SAC, RNO, BAM, BOI, PIH, DLN). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5,500 ft | 360° at 6 kt | +4 kt | 1 °C | 116 kt | 5 h 57 min | 11:06 am MDT (17:06 UTC) |
| 7,500 ft | 280° at 4 kt | −2 kt | -2 °C | 122 kt | 5 h 40 min | 10:49 am MDT (16:49 UTC) |
| 9,500 ft | 250° at 7 kt | −6 kt | -4 °C | 126 kt | 5 h 29 min | 10:38 am MDT (16:38 UTC) |
| 11,500 ft | 230° at 14 kt | −13 kt | -7 °C | 133 kt | 5 h 12 min | 10:21 am MDT (16:21 UTC) |
| 13,500 ft | 230° at 16 kt | −16 kt | -10 °C | 136 kt | 5 h 05 min | 10:14 am MDT (16:14 UTC) |
| 15,500 ft | 220° at 17 kt | −17 kt | -13 °C | 137 kt | 5 h 03 min | 10:12 am MDT (16:12 UTC) |
| 17,500 ft | 220° at 19 kt | −18 kt | -17 °C | 138 kt | 5 h | 10:09 am MDT (16:09 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 220° at 19 kt | −18 kt | -18 °C | 138 kt | 5 h | 10:09 am MDT (16:09 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 230° at 16 kt | −15 kt | -27 °C | 135 kt | 5 h 07 min | 10:16 am MDT (16:16 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 230° at 30 kt | −29 kt | -32 °C | 149 kt | 4 h 38 min | 9:47 am MDT (15:47 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 230° at 41 kt | −41 kt | -36 °C | 161 kt | 4 h 18 min | 9:27 am MDT (15:27 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 220° at 41 kt | −41 kt | -42 °C | 161 kt | 4 h 18 min | 9:27 am MDT (15:27 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFO | used from 0 nm out; 35 nm from the line | 090/9 | 050/12 4° | 010/17 -2° | 350/34 -3° | 360/70 -11° | 360/75 -22° | 350/57 -38° | 330/37 -42° | 280/25 -44° |
| SAC | used from 49 nm out; 20 nm from the line | L/V | L/V 4° | 340/9 -4° | 340/22 -8° | 360/71 -12° | 360/82 -23° | 350/58 -37° | 310/30 -40° | 270/25 -44° |
| RNO | used from 99 nm out; 33 nm from the line | 010/6 | 270/12 -3° | 220/26 -10° | 280/13 -19° | 350/44 -24° | 320/30 -32° | 260/22 -36° | 240/24 -42° | |
| BAM | used from 247 nm out; 62 nm from the line | 280/9 -2° | 260/18 -8° | 190/47 -19° | 200/50 -29° | 210/56 -29° | 220/54 -34° | 220/45 -42° | ||
| BOI | used from 346 nm out; 87 nm from the line | 320/11 1° | 280/8 -5° | 220/14 -11° | 200/60 -19° | 190/66 -31° | 210/46 -32° | 220/50 -33° | 220/43 -39° | |
| PIH | used from 494 nm out; 89 nm from the line | 070/8 | 150/19 1° | 180/32 -4° | 210/44 -17° | 210/37 -28° | 210/74 -31° | 220/68 -35° | 220/60 -43° | |
| DLN | used from 543 nm out; 60 nm from the line | 190/10 -4° | 220/23 -4° | 210/21 -18° | 210/43 -28° | 210/60 -33° | 210/72 -37° | 210/67 -44° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD Hayward, CA | departure | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 8,500 feet | from the east-northeast (070°) at 4 knots | 10+ mi | none | 52 ft | 3:54 am PDT (10:54 UTC) |
| MHR Sacramento, CA | 69 nm out, 8 nm west of the line, tower | VFR | from the southeast (140°) at 4 knots | 10+ mi | none | 98 ft | 07:35 UTC |
| TRK Truckee, CA | 138 nm out, 2 nm south of the line, tower | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 7,000 feet | from the north-northwest (340°) at 3 knots | 10+ mi | none | 5,904 ft | 10:55 UTC |
| RNO Reno, NV | 158 nm out, 7 nm southeast of the line, tower | VFR Sky: a broken layer at 5,000 feet, overcast at 8,500 feet Weather: light rain | from the northeast (050°) at 3 knots | 10+ mi | 5,000 ft | 4,414 ft | 10:55 UTC |
| WMC Winnemucca, NV | 276 nm out, 14 nm southeast of the line | VFR | from the west-northwest (300°) at 5 knots | 10+ mi | none | 4,307 ft | 10:56 UTC |
| GNG Gooding, ID | 464 nm out, 23 nm southeast of the line | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 1,100 feet, a broken layer at 7,500 feet, overcast at 8,500 feet | from the west-southwest (240°) at 4 knots | 10+ mi | 7,500 ft | 3,732 ft | 10:55 UTC |
| SUN Hailey, ID | 504 nm out, 12 nm southeast of the line, tower | VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 600 feet, a broken layer at 3,700 feet, overcast at 4,300 feet Weather: light rain | from the south (170°) at 4 knots | 7 mi | 3,700 ft | 5,319 ft | 10:55 UTC |
| DLN Dillon, MT | 622 nm out, 16 nm northwest of the line | marginal VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 600 feet, overcast at 1,700 feet | from the northeast (040°) at 3 knots | 10+ mi | 1,700 ft | 5,244 ft | 11:02 UTC |
| EKS Ennis, MT | 652 nm out, 10 nm southeast of the line | marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 1,200 feet | calm | 10+ mi | 1,200 ft | 5,432 ft | 10:55 UTC |
| BZN Bozeman, MT | destination | marginal VFR Sky: a few clouds at 500 feet, scattered clouds at 1,000 feet, overcast at 2,400 feet | from the southwest (230°) at 3 knots | 10+ mi | 2,400 ft | 4,473 ft | 4:56 am MDT (10:56 UTC) |
The highest airport on this list sits at 5,904 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At BZN when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 9:27 am MDT (15:27 UTC)
Wind light and variable, visibility 6 miles, mist, overcast at 300 feet low IFR
The whole forecast for BZN
- From Mon 4:00 am MDT (10:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility 6 miles, mist, overcast at 300 feet
- From Mon 10:00 am MDT (16:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 400 feet, overcast at 800 feet
- From Mon 2:00 pm MDT (20:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 800 feet, a broken layer at 1,500 feet
- From Mon 6:00 pm MDT (00:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility 6 miles, mist, scattered clouds at 800 feet, a broken layer at 2,000 feet
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
No temporary flight restriction on or near this route right now.
Daylight
Sunset at HWD 6:34 pm PDT (01:34 UTC), at BZN 6:42 pm MDT (00:42 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:12 pm MDT (01:12 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads
Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Hayward Executive, Bozeman Yellowstone International.