The U.S. aircraft register, updated daily
Plan a flight · Mon 5:46 am EDT (09:46 UTC)

Gerald R Ford International to San Francisco International GRR → SFO

1,704 nautical miles (1,961 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 272°, about 278° magnetic at the departure end (variation 6W). At 120 knots that is 16 h 42 min at the quickest height in today's winds (4,500 ft, a 18-knot headwind), arriving about 7:28 pm PDT (02:28 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now GRR is marginal VFR, wind from the south-southeast (160°) at 5 knots; SFO is VFR, wind from the northwest (310°) at 3 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 2 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The return flight

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

  • SIGMET W18W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 30,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 6:55 am EDT (10:55 UTC). Over the route from 1266 to 1395 nm out.
    as issued
    WSUS33 KKCI 120903 CCA
    MKCW WST 120903 COR
    CONVECTIVE SIGMET 18W
    VALID UNTIL 1055Z
    UT ID NV
    FROM 30E TWF-10W MLD-10SE ILC-50WSW ILC-60NE OAL-30E TWF
    AREA TS MOV FROM 24020KT. TOPS TO FL300.
    ***COR PTS***
  • SIGMET W18W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 30,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 6:55 am EDT (10:55 UTC). Over the route from 1276 to 1345 nm out.
    as issued
    WSUS33 KKCI 120855
    MKCW WST 120855
    CONVECTIVE SIGMET 18W
    VALID UNTIL 1055Z
    AZ UT NV
    FROM 20WNW BVL-30N BCE-60SSW BCE-50NNE LAS-60NNW ELY-20WNW BVL
    AREA TS MOV FROM 24020KT. TOPS TO FL300.
  • AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist, fog). Near the route, at the departure end.
  • AIRMET TANGO 2W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 169 to 708 nm out.
  • AIRMET SIERRA 4E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 588 to 807 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 817 to 1066 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) from 34,000 ft to 43,000 ft. Over the route from 837 to 1166 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 22,000 ft. Over the route from 867 to 1006 nm out.
  • AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 917 to 1465 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 5W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Over the route from 947 to 977 nm out.
  • AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 957 to 1475 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 12,000 ft. Over the route from 1046 to 1365 nm out.
  • AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the last 179 nm of the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from GRR.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

  • A35K at 32,000 ft, 25 nm north, 4:39 am EDT (08:39 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: fdcs zoa. At the destination end, 25 nm north of the line.
    as filed, and in English
    OAK UA /OV OAK348024/TM 0839/FL320/TP A35K/TB MOD CHOP/RM FDCS ZOA
    Report
    a routine report filed through OAK
    Where
    24 nm north (348°) of OAK
    Time
    08:39 UTC
    Height
    at 32,000 ft
    Aircraft
    A35K
    Turbulence
    moderate chop
    Remarks
    fdcs zoa

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 14 forecast points nearest it (MKG, JOT, DBQ, MCW, FSD, ONL, BFF, RKS, SLC, ELY, BAM, RNO, SAC, SFO). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

HeightAverage windHead- or tailwindTemperatureGround speedTime en routeArrival
4,500 ft260° at 19 kt+18 kt22 °C102 kt16 h 42 min7:28 pm PDT (02:28 UTC)
6,500 ft260° at 18 kt+18 kt16 °C102 kt16 h 42 min7:28 pm PDT (02:28 UTC)
8,500 ft240° at 20 kt+19 kt9 °C101 kt16 h 52 min7:38 pm PDT (02:38 UTC)
10,500 ft240° at 23 kt+22 kt4 °C98 kt17 h 23 min8:09 pm PDT (03:09 UTC)
12,500 ft240° at 25 kt+24 kt0 °C96 kt17 h 45 min8:31 pm PDT (03:31 UTC)
14,500 ft240° at 24 kt+23 kt-5 °C97 kt17 h 34 min8:20 pm PDT (03:20 UTC)
16,500 ft240° at 24 kt+22 kt-9 °C98 kt17 h 23 min8:09 pm PDT (03:09 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180240° at 23 kt+21 kt-12 °C99 kt17 h 13 min7:59 pm PDT (02:59 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240240° at 30 kt+28 kt-22 °C92 kt18 h 31 min9:17 pm PDT (04:17 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300250° at 39 kt+38 kt-33 °C82 kt20 h 47 min11:33 pm PDT (06:33 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340250° at 44 kt+44 kt-38 °C76 kt22 h 25 min1:11 am PDT (08:11 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390250° at 46 kt+47 kt-45 °C73 kt23 h 21 min2:07 am PDT (09:07 UTC)

Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued
PointFrom3,0006,0009,00012,00018,00024,00030,00034,00039,000
MKGused from 0 nm out; 18 nm from the line260/28260/18 15°250/16 9°260/22 4°280/31 -9°270/35 -21°270/44 -35°270/42 -45°290/61 -51°
JOTused from 100 nm out; 84 nm from the line250/25260/22 14°250/17 9°270/21 5°280/28 -8°280/36 -20°270/41 -35°280/57 -42°290/65 -50°
DBQused from 149 nm out; 62 nm from the line250/27260/23 17°240/26 10°260/30 4°280/26 -9°280/36 -21°270/41 -36°280/52 -41°290/67 -48°
MCWused from 299 nm out; 28 nm from the line250/36250/24 19°240/26 11°250/30 5°270/22 -9°260/30 -21°260/31 -36°280/53 -38°280/66 -48°
FSDused from 448 nm out; 60 nm from the line210/20230/23 21°220/25 14°230/30 5°230/26 -9°240/30 -21°270/33 -36°260/47 -37°270/58 -47°
ONLused from 498 nm out; 58 nm from the line250/31 22°230/27 16°220/25 8°230/25 -9°220/29 -22°250/42 -33°250/48 -36°250/52 -46°
BFFused from 698 nm out; 80 nm from the line280/28260/39 11°240/34 5°210/38 -11°210/52 -22°230/61 -31°230/61 -36°240/56 -45°
RKSused from 947 nm out; 81 nm from the line250/9230/21 -1°210/43 -14°220/59 -23°220/55 -32°220/53 -35°220/48 -44°
SLCused from 1096 nm out; 67 nm from the line200/16210/23 4°220/34 -3°210/40 -16°220/66 -23°220/64 -31°220/57 -36°220/50 -43°
ELYused from 1246 nm out; 71 nm from the line210/34 1°220/40 -4°220/39 -17°210/51 -24°220/65 -30°220/60 -37°220/56 -44°
BAMused from 1395 nm out; 79 nm from the line280/9 -2°260/18 -8°190/47 -19°200/50 -29°210/56 -29°220/54 -34°220/45 -42°
RNOused from 1445 nm out; 99 nm from the line010/6270/12 -3°220/26 -10°280/13 -19°350/44 -24°320/30 -32°260/22 -36°240/24 -42°
SACused from 1594 nm out; 43 nm from the lineL/VL/V 4°340/9 -4°340/22 -8°360/71 -12°360/82 -23°350/58 -37°310/30 -40°270/25 -44°
SFOused from 1644 nm out; 35 nm from the line090/9050/12 4°010/17 -2°350/34 -3°360/70 -11°360/75 -22°350/57 -38°330/37 -42°280/25 -44°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

AirportWhereConditionsWindVisibilityCeilingElevationReported
GRR Grand Rapids, MI departure marginal VFR Weather: mist from the south-southeast (160°) at 5 knots 5 mi none 793 ft 4:53 am EDT (08:53 UTC)
MKE Milwaukee, WI 100 nm out, 5 nm west of the line, tower VFR Sky: a few clouds at 19,000 feet, overcast at 24,000 feet from the southwest (220°) at 12 knots 10+ mi 24,000 ft 728 ft 08:52 UTC
ALO Waterloo, IA 299 nm out, 18 nm south of the line, tower VFR from the south (170°) at 5 knots 10+ mi none 873 ft 08:54 UTC
SUX Sioux City, IA 478 nm out, 14 nm south of the line, tower VFR calm 10+ mi none 1,098 ft 08:52 UTC
ONL O'Neill, NE 578 nm out, 3 nm west of the line low IFR Sky: overcast at 300 feet Weather: mist from the northeast (040°) at 5 knots 0.75 mi 300 ft 2,033 ft 09:35 UTC
AIA Alliance, NE 767 nm out, 4 nm north of the line low IFR Sky: overcast at 200 feet Weather: mist from the north-northeast (030°) at 11 knots 1.25 mi 200 ft 3,930 ft 09:32 UTC
SAA Saratoga, WY 947 nm out, 4 nm northwest of the line reported, no category from the south-southeast (150°) at 11 knots 10+ mi none 7,014 ft 09:30 UTC
PVU Provo, UT 1186 nm out, 15 nm southeast of the line, tower VFR Sky: overcast at 6,000 feet from the east (090°) at 4 knots 10+ mi 6,000 ft 4,496 ft 08:56 UTC
TVY Tooele, UT 1206 nm out, 16 nm north of the line VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 11,000 feet from the south (180°) at 20 knots, gusting to 30 10+ mi none 4,321 ft 09:35 UTC
GAB Gabbs, NV 1485 nm out, 4 nm east of the line no report just now 4,699 ft
SCK Stockton, CA 1644 nm out, 6 nm south of the line, tower VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 9,500 feet from the northeast (050°) at 4 knots 10+ mi none 32 ft 08:55 UTC
SFO San Francisco, CA destination VFR Sky: a few clouds at 2,000 feet from the northwest (310°) at 3 knots 10+ mi none 13 ft 1:56 am PDT (08:56 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 7,014 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At SFO when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 7:28 pm PDT (02:28 UTC)

Wind from the west at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies VFR

The whole forecast for SFO
  • From Mon 1:00 am PDT (08:00 UTC): wind from the south at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,000 feet
  • From Mon 3:00 pm PDT (22:00 UTC): wind from the west at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
  • From Mon 8:00 pm PDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the west at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, clear skies
The forecast for GRR, the departure
  • From Mon 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the south at 3 knots, visibility 4 miles, mist, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet
  • At times between Mon 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC) and 4:00 am EDT (08:00 UTC): visibility ½ mile, fog
  • From Mon 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind from the south at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet
  • From Mon 1:00 pm EDT (17:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 12 knots, gusting to 20, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 20,000 feet
  • From Mon 6:00 pm EDT (22:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 8,000 feet
  • From Mon 10:00 pm EDT (02:00 UTC): wind from the south at 8 knots, visibility 4 miles, light rain showers, mist, scattered clouds at 5,000 feet, overcast at 8,000 feet
  • 30% chance between Mon 10:00 pm EDT (02:00 UTC) and 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): visibility 2 miles, light thunderstorms with rain, mist, overcast at 3,500 feet (thunderheads)

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

No temporary flight restriction on or near this route right now.

Daylight

Sunset at GRR 7:04 pm EDT (23:04 UTC), at SFO 6:35 pm PDT (01:35 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:01 pm PDT (02:01 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at SFO is after sunset there (6:36 pm PDT (01:36 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the central Great Lakes
Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service
Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley
Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service
Radar now, the northern Rockies
Radar now, the northern Rockies · loop National Weather Service
Radar, the whole country
Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service
Surface analysis now
Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center
Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead
Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center
Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead
Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Gerald R Ford International, San Francisco International.