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Accidents · NTSB WPR19LA111 · Final report

MD Helicopter 369 accident near Hauula, Hawaii, April 16, 2019

On April 16, 2019 at about 9:26 pm local time, a 1986 MD Helicopter 369, registered N593C, was substantially damaged in an accident during enroute (cruise) near Hauula, Hawaii. It was a business flight under charter and air-taxi rules (Part 135). No one was hurt; 4 people were on board or involved. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

Fuel exhaustion as a result of the pilot’s fuel burn miscalculation. Contributing to the accident was the inoperative caution light indicating low fuel level.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
April 16, 2019 · about 9:26 pm local time
Place
Hauula, Hawaii · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
No one was hurt; 4 people were on board or involved.
Weather
visual conditions (good weather)
Aircraft
MD Helicopter 369 E, built 1986
Registration
N593C · registry record · serial 201E
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Business flight · charter and air-taxi rules (Part 135)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

During the fifth flight of the day, while flying about 1,700 ft mean sea level, the pilot noted the engine-out [warning] beeping, the engine-out light, as well as the re-ignition warning light on the caution warning panel. He noted the FUEL LEVEL LOW caution light did not illuminate during the flight. The pilot entered an autorotation and was able to descend to what looked like a more level area. He made a mayday call, flew toward the lowest and most uniform area of trees, and executed a “full down” autorotation. As the helicopter descended through the tree canopy, the helicopter rolled to the right before coming to rest upside down. All four occupants were able to evacuate the helicopter without assistance. The pilot reported he had 64 gallons of fuel onboard before beginning his flights for the day. He conducted four flights before the accident flight that involved transporting passengers and cargo to different landing zones. He noted he had about 200 lbs of fuel according to the fuel gauge before he lifted off for the fifth flight. He flew three passengers to three different landing zones to deploy equipment before starting toward a staging area to refuel. He stated the fuel gauge indicated 100 lbs of fuel remaining when he lifted off from the final landing zone to fly about 5 minutes to the staging area. The pilot stated that the engine failure was due to fuel exhaustion because he overestimated his shutdown time, underestimated his flight time, and relied solely on the fuel gauge. Examination of the fuel low warning system found that a wire to a resistor on the sending unit was corroded and separated, resulting in the FUEL LOW LEVEL light being inoperable. Had the pilot been provided information that a low fuel level condition existed, he would have had about 5 minutes to select an emergency landing site, if airborne, or had the opportunity to decide not to depart on the next flight segment.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

What happened, in order

  1. Loss of engine power (partial) during enroute
  2. Autorotation Collision with terrain or object (not controlled flight into terrain)
  3. Fuel exhaustion during enroute (cruise) defining event
  4. Off-field or emergency landing during emergency descent

The NTSB's findings

  • Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware › Fluids › Fuel › Fluid level
  • Personnel issues › Task performance › Planning/preparation › Fuel planning › Pilot

Pilot

  • Certificate: commercial pilot
  • Ratings: single-engine land; instructor: helicopter; instrument: helicopter; rotorcraft: helicopter
  • Flight time: 2,545 hours in all; 1,350 in this make and model; 315 in the last 90 days; 82 in the last 30 days; 2,427 as pilot in command; 306 on instruments
  • Last flight review: February 6, 2019
  • Medical certificate: Class 2 (with waivers/limitations)
  • Seat: left
  • Injury: no injuries

The aircraft

  • Airframe total time: 3,757.5 hours
  • Last inspection: 100-hour inspection, April 12, 2019; 31.5 hours since
  • Maximum gross weight: 3,000 lb
  • Seats: 5
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Rolls-Royce 250-C20B (turboshaft); 3,292 hours total
  • Operator: K & S Helicopters Inc

The flight

  • Departed from: NA Wiamano HI at 8:50 pm
  • Destination: HI58 Kahuku HI
  • Flight plan: none

Weather at the time

  • Light: daylight
  • Wind: from 160° at 10 knots
  • Visibility: 10 statute miles
  • Sky: a few clouds at 3,800 ft
  • Temperature: 79°F (26°C), dew point 60°F (16°C)
  • Altimeter: 30.08 inHg
  • Observation at 8:59 pm from HHI, 9 miles away

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Flight crew1
Passengers3

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

7 documents, released by the NTSB on March 22, 2022. View them here, or download them; the NTSB redacts some personal details before release, and this site shows the NTSB's own titles rather than its file names.

The same docket at the NTSB · documents without a copy here are fetched from the NTSB when you open them.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.