San Francisco International to Norfolk International SFO → ORF
2,184 nautical miles (2,514 statute miles) east on a straight line, true course 077°, about 063° magnetic at the departure end (variation 14E). At 120 knots that is 13 h 14 min at the quickest height in today's winds (34,000 ft, a 45-knot tailwind), arriving about 5:18 pm EDT (21:18 UTC). For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 2 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.
The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words
Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 39,000 ft. Over the first 140 nm of the route.
- AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Over the route from 239 to 738 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 249 to 748 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 339 to 918 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 42,000 ft. Over the route from 489 to 888 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 678 to 848 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 3W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 967 to 1436 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist, fog). Over the route from 1706 to 2025 nm out.
- AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1865 to 2035 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 5W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 10,000 ft. Over the route from 1955 to 2134 nm out.
- AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) from 30,000 ft to 41,000 ft. Over the last 70 nm of the route.
A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from SFO.
Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first
Not fetched just now.
Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 02:00–09:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed
The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 21 forecast points nearest it (SFO, SAC, FAT, BIH, ELY, BCE, GJT, DEN, GLD, SLN, MKC, COU, STL, SPI, EVV, LOU, CVG, CRW, ROA, RIC, ORF). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.
| Height | Average wind | Head- or tailwind | Temperature | Ground speed | Time en route | Arrival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,500 ft | 250° at 18 kt | −17 kt | 137 kt | 15 h 56 min | 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC) | |
| 5,500 ft | 250° at 18 kt | −18 kt | 138 kt | 15 h 50 min | 7:54 pm EDT (23:54 UTC) | |
| 7,500 ft | 240° at 19 kt | −18 kt | 10 °C | 138 kt | 15 h 50 min | 7:54 pm EDT (23:54 UTC) |
| 9,500 ft | 250° at 18 kt | −18 kt | 8 °C | 138 kt | 15 h 50 min | 7:54 pm EDT (23:54 UTC) |
| 11,500 ft | 250° at 17 kt | −17 kt | 4 °C | 137 kt | 15 h 56 min | 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC) |
| 13,500 ft | 250° at 19 kt | −19 kt | 0 °C | 139 kt | 15 h 43 min | 7:47 pm EDT (23:47 UTC) |
| 15,500 ft | 250° at 21 kt | −20 kt | -4 °C | 140 kt | 15 h 36 min | 7:40 pm EDT (23:40 UTC) |
| 17,500 ft | 240° at 23 kt | −22 kt | -8 °C | 142 kt | 15 h 23 min | 7:27 pm EDT (23:27 UTC) |
| 18,000 ft FL180 | 240° at 23 kt | −23 kt | -9 °C | 143 kt | 15 h 16 min | 7:20 pm EDT (23:20 UTC) |
| 24,000 ft FL240 | 250° at 29 kt | −28 kt | -21 °C | 148 kt | 14 h 45 min | 6:49 pm EDT (22:49 UTC) |
| 30,000 ft FL300 | 250° at 40 kt | −38 kt | -31 °C | 158 kt | 13 h 49 min | 5:53 pm EDT (21:53 UTC) |
| 34,000 ft FL340 | 250° at 46 kt | −45 kt | -37 °C | 165 kt | 13 h 14 min | 5:18 pm EDT (21:18 UTC) |
| 39,000 ft FL390 | 250° at 42 kt | −42 kt | -47 °C | 162 kt | 13 h 29 min | 5:33 pm EDT (21:33 UTC) |
Based on data from the 12th at 00:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 06:00 UTC for use 02:00 to 09:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.
The forecast points as issued
| Point | From | 3,000 | 6,000 | 9,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 39,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFO | used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line | 120/13 | 090/14 5° | 040/14 -1° | 350/17 -5° | 360/42 -14° | 360/64 -23° | 350/38 -32° | 300/19 -37° | 250/18 -44° |
| SAC | used from 50 nm out; 48 nm from the line | 110/6 | L/V 4° | 010/11 -2° | 350/11 -7° | 340/24 -16° | 360/44 -23° | 330/24 -30° | 270/21 -35° | 230/23 -43° |
| FAT | used from 100 nm out; 78 nm from the line | 130/16 | 160/20 5° | 190/28 -1° | 210/25 -5° | 220/27 -15° | 230/21 -26° | 220/42 -29° | 220/44 -35° | 220/44 -44° |
| BIH | used from 150 nm out; 55 nm from the line | L/V | 240/7 1° | 190/13 -3° | 200/26 -16° | 210/43 -26° | 220/54 -28° | 220/51 -35° | 220/47 -43° | |
| ELY | used from 249 nm out; 98 nm from the line | 200/39 3° | 210/27 -2° | 210/45 -15° | 220/56 -24° | 210/60 -28° | 210/63 -34° | 220/61 -43° | ||
| BCE | used from 449 nm out; 81 nm from the line | 220/27 -1° | 210/40 -13° | 220/54 -21° | 220/64 -30° | 220/64 -34° | 220/52 -44° | |||
| GJT | used from 549 nm out; 85 nm from the line | 210/43 7° | 230/45 1° | 220/49 -12° | 220/62 -22° | 220/59 -28° | 230/60 -33° | 220/55 -45° | ||
| DEN | used from 748 nm out; 68 nm from the line | 240/21 14° | 250/44 6° | 220/49 -8° | 220/49 -21° | 230/54 -30° | 240/57 -35° | 240/49 -45° | ||
| GLD | used from 898 nm out; 54 nm from the line | 230/49 | 230/42 15° | 220/26 8° | 240/18 -7° | 230/27 -21° | 240/62 -30° | 240/61 -35° | 250/57 -47° | |
| SLN | used from 1097 nm out; 62 nm from the line | 210/53 | 230/41 20° | 240/26 14° | 230/16 8° | 240/25 -7° | 240/35 -19° | 250/61 -30° | 260/65 -38° | 260/56 -49° |
| MKC | used from 1247 nm out; 38 nm from the line | 220/44 | 250/28 18° | 250/18 13° | 240/12 6° | 280/24 -6° | 240/34 -18° | 260/47 -30° | 260/51 -40° | 270/58 -50° |
| COU | used from 1346 nm out; 53 nm from the line | 230/31 | 230/30 15° | 260/16 11° | 270/14 6° | 260/24 -6° | 270/27 -18° | 270/37 -32° | 280/49 -41° | 290/56 -51° |
| STL | used from 1446 nm out; 39 nm from the line | 250/24 | 250/24 16° | 260/23 9° | 270/16 6° | 260/25 -6° | 270/29 -19° | 290/34 -33° | 290/48 -41° | 290/54 -51° |
| SPI | used from 1546 nm out; 64 nm from the line | 220/21 | 250/23 16° | 260/27 9° | 270/14 6° | 270/23 -7° | 270/31 -19° | 270/28 -33° | 290/48 -42° | 300/55 -52° |
| EVV | used from 1596 nm out; 51 nm from the line | 280/15 | 290/12 17° | 310/16 10° | 320/13 5° | 310/22 -6° | 320/26 -18° | 320/38 -33° | 310/56 -41° | 320/55 -51° |
| LOU | used from 1696 nm out; 22 nm from the line | 310/18 | 340/28 16° | 340/29 10° | 350/27 3° | 330/27 -7° | 340/39 -19° | 330/58 -33° | 330/67 -41° | 330/40 -49° |
| CVG | used from 1745 nm out; 36 nm from the line | 320/18 | 350/32 16° | 350/35 10° | 350/30 3° | 330/30 -7° | 340/44 -20° | 340/58 -35° | 330/72 -41° | 320/36 -49° |
| CRW | used from 1845 nm out; 50 nm from the line | 330/20 | 330/23 11° | 340/25 8° | 340/21 2° | 340/33 -9° | 340/41 -20° | 330/42 -35° | 320/44 -39° | 320/43 -47° |
| ROA | used from 1945 nm out; 38 nm from the line | 310/29 | 330/31 13° | 340/28 7° | 330/25 3° | 310/32 -8° | 300/32 -22° | 290/32 -31° | 270/35 -38° | 270/32 -47° |
| RIC | used from 2045 nm out; 57 nm from the line | 270/23 | 280/19 11° | 270/18 8° | 240/22 4° | 230/39 -7° | 220/55 -18° | 220/75 -30° | 230/83 -39° | 230/64 -50° |
| ORF | used from 2144 nm out; 20 nm from the line | 250/24 | 230/32 11° | 220/37 10° | 220/37 6° | 230/47 -5° | 230/62 -17° | 220/89 -30° | 220/93 -40° | 230/77 -51° |
The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch
| Airport | Where | Conditions | Wind | Visibility | Ceiling | Elevation | Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFO San Francisco, CA | departure | no report just now | 13 ft | ||||
| LVK Livermore, CA | 30 nm out, 4 nm southwest of the line, tower | no report just now | 399 ft | ||||
| FOM Fillmore, UT | 479 nm out, 5 nm south of the line | no report just now | 4,984 ft | ||||
| APA Denver, CO | 828 nm out, 2 nm northeast of the line, tower | no report just now | 5,884 ft | ||||
| PHG Phillipsburg, KS | 1087 nm out, 9 nm north of the line | no report just now | 1,910 ft | ||||
| MCI Kansas City, MO | 1297 nm out, 8 nm south of the line, tower | no report just now | 1,027 ft | ||||
| ALN Alton/St Louis, IL | 1516 nm out, 11 nm south of the line, tower | no report just now | 543 ft | ||||
| LOU Louisville, KY | 1726 nm out, 21 nm south of the line, tower | no report just now | 545 ft | ||||
| HTS Huntington, WV | 1865 nm out, 15 nm northeast of the line, tower | no report just now | 828 ft | ||||
| LWB Lewisburg, WV | 1975 nm out, 7 nm north of the line, tower | no report just now | 2,301 ft | ||||
| ORF Norfolk, VA | destination | no report just now | 26 ft |
The highest airport on this list sits at 5,884 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.
At ORF when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 5:18 pm EDT (21:18 UTC)
ORF has no terminal forecast; use the nearest airport that does.
Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it
- 6/7094 45NM NE MERCED, CA, Sunday, October 4, 2026 through Tuesday, October 20, 2026 UTC 22 nm from the route, 120 nm along the route · a hazard on the ground (fire-fighting, a chemical spill, rescue work) · until 20 October · ZOA
- 6/8911 DENVER, CO, Monday, October 12, 2026 UTC 20 nm from the route, 828 nm along the route · a hazard on the ground (fire-fighting, a chemical spill, rescue work) · today · ZDV
- 6/7634 CENTRALIA, MO, Monday, October 12, 2026 UTC 7 nm from the route, 1416 nm along the route · a hazard on the ground (fire-fighting, a chemical spill, rescue work) · today · ZKC
Daylight
Sunset at SFO 6:35 pm PDT (01:35 UTC), at ORF 6:32 pm EDT (22:32 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:58 pm EDT (22:58 UTC)).
Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.
Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads
Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: San Francisco International, Norfolk International.