Plan a flight · Sun 9:46 pm EDT (01:46 UTC)

Frederick Douglass/Greater Rochester International to Raleigh-Durham International ROC → RDU

438 nautical miles (504 statute miles) south on a straight line, true course 187°, about 199° magnetic at the departure end (variation 12W). At 120 knots that is 3 h 53 min at the quickest height in today's winds (6,500 ft, a 7-knot headwind), arriving about 1:39 am EDT (05:39 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now ROC is VFR, wind from the east-southeast (110°) at 5 knots; RDU is VFR, wind from the southwest (230°) at 11 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 574 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

SIGMET 2E: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 31,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 20 knots, until 10:55 pm EDT (02:55 UTC). Near the route, 189 nm along the route.

as issued

WSUS31 KKCI 120055
MKCE WST 120055
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 2E
VALID UNTIL 0255Z
CT NY NJ PA DE MD AND NJ NY CT CSTL WTRS
FROM 30NE SAX-30SSW HTO-30ESE EMI-50WSW HAR-30NE SAX
AREA EMBD TS MOV FROM 22020KT. TOPS TO FL310.

SIGMET 3E: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 31,000 ft, moving from the west at 15 knots, until 10:55 pm EDT (02:55 UTC). Over the route from 209 to 408 nm out.

as issued

WSUS31 KKCI 120055
MKCE WST 120055
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 3E
VALID UNTIL 0255Z
PA MD VA NC WV OH KY
FROM 20NE APE-30SE JST-30SSE DCA-40SW ECG-70NNW HMV-20NE APE
AREA TS MOV FROM 28015KT. TOPS TO FL310.

AIRMET TANGO 3W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 21,000 ft to 33,000 ft. Over the first 279 nm of the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 30 to 358 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 4E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 40 to 279 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 5W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 8,000 ft. Near the route, 388 nm along the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from ROC.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

DH8D at 19,000 ft, 0 nm southwest, 7:35 pm EDT (23:35 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: zob. At the departure end, 0 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV ROC/TM 2335/FL190/TP DH8D/TB CONS MOD CHOP/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
over ROC
Time
23:35 UTC
Height
at 19,000 ft
Aircraft
DH8D
Turbulence
continuous moderate chop
Remarks
zob
E170 at 22,500 ft, 12 nm west, 7:44 pm EDT (23:44 UTC): moderate clear-air turbulence from 18,000 ft to 22,500 ft, remarks: during the descent FRDMM7 star. 239 nm along the route, 12 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
OKV UA /OV ESL100020/TM 2344/FL225/TP E170/TB CONS MOD CAT 180-225/RM DURD FRDMM7 STAR
```
Report
a routine report filed through OKV
Where
20 nm east (100°) of ESL
Time
23:44 UTC
Height
at 22,500 ft
Aircraft
E170
Turbulence
continuous moderate clear-air turbulence from 18,000 ft to 22,500 ft
Remarks
during the descent FRDMM7 star
B38M at 500 ft, 0 nm southwest, 7:52 pm EDT (23:52 UTC): a broken layer above 500 ft. At the departure end, 0 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV ROC/TM 2352/FL005/TP B38M/SK BKN005-TOPUNKN
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
over ROC
Time
23:52 UTC
Height
at 500 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Sky
a broken layer from 500 ft, tops unknown
E145 at 2,500 ft, 10 nm east, 7:04 pm EDT (23:04 UTC): overcast above 2,700 ft. At the departure end, 10 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
ROC UA /OV ROC110010/TM 2304/FL025/TP E145/SK OVC027
```
Report
a routine report filed through ROC
Where
10 nm east (110°) of ROC
Time
23:04 UTC
Height
at 2,500 ft
Aircraft
E145
Sky
overcast from 2,700 ft
A320 at 20,000 ft, 40 nm east, 8:08 pm EDT (00:08 UTC): light to moderate rime icing from 15,000 ft to 20,000 ft, -15 °C, remarks: zob. At the departure end, 40 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SYR UA /OV SYR250030/TM 0008/FL200/TP A320/TA M15/IC LGT-MOD RIME 200-150/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through SYR
Where
30 nm west (250°) of SYR
Time
00:08 UTC
Height
at 20,000 ft
Aircraft
A320
Temperature
−15 °C
Icing
light to moderate rime from 20,000 ft to 15,000 ft
Remarks
zob
B738 at 4,700 ft, 36 nm west, 8:59 pm EDT (00:59 UTC): a broken layer from 4,700 ft to 5,300 ft, remarks: during the descent. 20 nm along the route, 36 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
BUF UA /OV BUF140010/TM 0059/FL047/TP B738/SK BKN 047 TOPS 053/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through BUF
Where
10 nm southeast (140°) of BUF
Time
00:59 UTC
Height
at 4,700 ft
Aircraft
B738
Sky
a broken layer from 4,700 ft, tops 5,300 ft
Remarks
during the descent
A21N at 30,000 ft, 42 nm west, 7:36 pm EDT (23:36 UTC): light to moderate chop turbulence, remarks: zob. 40 nm along the route, 42 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JHW UA /OV JHW050025/TM 2336/FL300/TP A21N/TB LGT-MOD CHOP/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through JHW
Where
25 nm northeast (050°) of JHW
Time
23:36 UTC
Height
at 30,000 ft
Aircraft
A21N
Turbulence
light to moderate chop
Remarks
zob
B38M at 30,000 ft, 39 nm west, 6:54 pm EDT (22:54 UTC): light to moderate chop turbulence, remarks: zob. 60 nm along the route, 39 nm west of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
JHW UA /OV JHW080020/TM 2254/FL300/TP B38M/TB LGT-MOD CHOP/RM ZOB
```
Report
a routine report filed through JHW
Where
20 nm east (080°) of JHW
Time
22:54 UTC
Height
at 30,000 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Turbulence
light to moderate chop
Remarks
zob
CRJ7 at 1,600 ft, 8 nm east, 8:20 pm EDT (00:20 UTC): overcast above 1,600 ft, remarks: during the descent RY06 KUNV. 139 nm along the route, 8 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
UNV UA /OV KUNV240002/TM 0020/FL016/TP CRJ7/SK BKN-OVC016/RM DURD RY06 KUNV
```
Report
a routine report filed through UNV
Where
2 nm southwest (240°) of KUNV
Time
00:20 UTC
Height
at 1,600 ft
Aircraft
CRJ7
Sky
BKN-OVC016
Remarks
during the descent RY06 KUNV
E145 at 2,000 ft, 8 nm east, 7:10 pm EDT (23:10 UTC): overcast above 2,000 ft, remarks: during the descent RY06 KUNV. 139 nm along the route, 8 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
UNV UA /OV KUNV240002/TM 2310/FL020/TP E145/SK OVC020/RM DURD RY06 KUNV
```
Report
a routine report filed through UNV
Where
2 nm southwest (240°) of KUNV
Time
23:10 UTC
Height
at 2,000 ft
Aircraft
E145
Sky
overcast from 2,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent RY06 KUNV
FA8X climbing, 36 nm east, 8:34 pm EDT (00:34 UTC): overcast above 1,000 ft. 249 nm along the route, 36 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
IAD UA /OV AML300005/TM 0034/FLDURC/TP FA8X/SK OVC010
```
Report
a routine report filed through IAD
Where
5 nm northwest (300°) of AML
Time
00:34 UTC
Height
during the climb
Aircraft
FA8X
Sky
overcast from 1,000 ft
B39M at 2,000 ft, 37 nm east, 7:03 pm EDT (23:03 UTC): overcast above 700 ft. 249 nm along the route, 37 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
IAD UA /OV AML320005/TM 2303/FL020/TP B39M/SK BASES OVC 007
```
Report
a routine report filed through IAD
Where
5 nm northwest (320°) of AML
Time
23:03 UTC
Height
at 2,000 ft
Aircraft
B39M
Sky
bases overcast at 700 ft
CL60 descending, 41 nm east, 7:30 pm EDT (23:30 UTC): overcast above 500 ft. 259 nm along the route, 41 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
IAD UA /OV HEF160001/TM 2330/FLDURD/TP CL60/SK OVC 005
```
Report
a routine report filed through IAD
Where
1 nm south (160°) of HEF
Time
23:30 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
CL60
Sky
overcast from 500 ft
CL60 at 500 ft, 41 nm east, 7:30 pm EDT (23:30 UTC): overcast above 500 ft, remarks: during the descent. 259 nm along the route, 41 nm east of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
HEF UA /OV KHEF150001/TM 2330/FL005/TP CL60/SK OVC005/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through HEF
Where
1 nm southeast (150°) of KHEF
Time
23:30 UTC
Height
at 500 ft
Aircraft
CL60
Sky
overcast from 500 ft
Remarks
during the descent

1 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 20:00–03:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 5 forecast points nearest it (BUF, PSB, EKN, RIC, RDU). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
4,500 ft	240° at 16 kt	+9 kt	13 °C	111 kt	3 h 57 min	1:43 am EDT (05:43 UTC)
6,500 ft	250° at 14 kt	+7 kt	11 °C	113 kt	3 h 53 min	1:39 am EDT (05:39 UTC)
8,500 ft	230° at 13 kt	+9 kt	9 °C	111 kt	3 h 57 min	1:43 am EDT (05:43 UTC)
10,500 ft	220° at 15 kt	+12 kt	7 °C	108 kt	4 h 03 min	1:49 am EDT (05:49 UTC)
12,500 ft	220° at 18 kt	+15 kt	3 °C	105 kt	4 h 10 min	1:56 am EDT (05:56 UTC)
14,500 ft	220° at 22 kt	+18 kt	-1 °C	102 kt	4 h 18 min	2:04 am EDT (06:04 UTC)
16,500 ft	230° at 26 kt	+20 kt	-5 °C	100 kt	4 h 23 min	2:09 am EDT (06:09 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	230° at 28 kt	+21 kt	-9 °C	99 kt	4 h 25 min	2:11 am EDT (06:11 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	220° at 45 kt	+38 kt	-19 °C	82 kt	5 h 20 min	3:06 am EDT (07:06 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	220° at 70 kt	+59 kt	-31 °C	61 kt	7 h 11 min	4:57 am EDT (08:57 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	220° at 71 kt	+61 kt	-40 °C	59 kt	7 h 25 min	5:11 am EDT (09:11 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	230° at 64 kt	+50 kt	-50 °C	70 kt	6 h 15 min	4:01 am EDT (08:01 UTC)

Based on data from the 11th at 18:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 00:00 UTC for use 20:00 to 03:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
BUF	used from 0 nm out; 46 nm from the line	170/19	L/V 10°	040/9 6°	220/8 2°	230/15 -11°	220/33 -22°	220/47 -35°	230/55 -41°	230/56 -50°
PSB	used from 50 nm out; 61 nm from the line		260/13 13°	220/12 8°	220/11 4°	230/27 -11°	210/31 -21°	220/73 -32°	220/75 -40°	230/66 -50°
EKN	used from 199 nm out; 80 nm from the line		270/18 13°	310/5 7°	140/7 3°	210/16 -9°	220/41 -20°	210/57 -32°	220/57 -38°	230/49 -47°
RIC	used from 299 nm out; 59 nm from the line	190/33	200/29 14°	210/31 12°	210/38 6°	230/42 -7°	230/68 -16°	220/84 -29°	220/86 -40°	220/81 -52°
RDU	used from 348 nm out; 65 nm from the line	240/28	250/22 10°	230/30 11°	230/40 7°	230/45 -4°	220/69 -15°	220/83 -29°	210/84 -40°	220/75 -52°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
ROC Rochester, NY	departure	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 400 feet, a broken layer at 5,000 feet, overcast at 6,500 feet	from the east-southeast (110°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	5,000 ft	558 ft	8:54 pm EDT (00:54 UTC)
DSV Dansville, NY	30 nm out, 4 nm southeast of the line	VFR Sky: overcast at 4,900 feet	calm	7 mi	4,900 ft	659 ft	00:54 UTC
ELZ Wellsville, NY	60 nm out, 7 nm west of the line	low IFR Sky: overcast at 300 feet Weather: mist	from the east (080°) at 4 knots	5 mi	300 ft	2,124 ft	01:25 UTC
FIG Clearfield, PA	129 nm out, 18 nm west of the line	marginal VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 700 feet, a broken layer at 2,200 feet	from the northeast (050°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	2,200 ft	1,516 ft	01:41 UTC
UNV State College, PA	139 nm out, 10 nm east of the line, tower	low IFR Sky: overcast at 300 feet Weather: rain, mist	from the north-northeast (030°) at 6 knots	2.5 mi	300 ft	1,231 ft	00:53 UTC
HGR Hagerstown, MD	199 nm out, 23 nm east of the line, tower	low IFR Sky: overcast at 400 feet Weather: mist	from the north (010°) at 9 knots, gusting to 17	6 mi	400 ft	703 ft	00:53 UTC
MRB Martinsburg, WV	219 nm out, 14 nm southeast of the line, tower	IFR Sky: overcast at 800 feet	from the north (360°) at 8 knots	10+ mi	800 ft	564 ft	00:53 UTC
CHO Charlottesville, VA	299 nm out, 3 nm south of the line, tower	IFR Sky: a broken layer at 500 feet, a broken layer at 1,100 feet, overcast at 1,600 feet	from the south (190°) at 3 knots	7 mi	500 ft	640 ft	01:28 UTC
FVX Farmville, VA	348 nm out, 7 nm east of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 1,000 feet, scattered clouds at 3,100 feet, overcast at 4,600 feet Weather: light drizzle	calm	10+ mi	4,600 ft	415 ft	23:35 UTC
CXE Chase City, VA	378 nm out, 8 nm southeast of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 1,800 feet, a broken layer at 4,100 feet, overcast at 4,900 feet	from the west-southwest (250°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	4,100 ft	503 ft	23:35 UTC
HNZ Oxford, NC	408 nm out, 9 nm east of the line	VFR Sky: overcast at 5,000 feet	from the southwest (220°) at 10 knots, gusting to 15	10+ mi	5,000 ft	526 ft	01:35 UTC
RDU Raleigh/Durham, NC	destination	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 5,000 feet	from the southwest (230°) at 11 knots	10+ mi	none	435 ft	8:51 pm EDT (00:51 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 2,124 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At RDU when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 1:39 am EDT (05:39 UTC)

Wind from the west-southwest at 12 knots, gusting to 21, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet, a broken layer at 6,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for RDU

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 12 knots, gusting to 21, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet, a broken layer at 6,000 feet
From Mon 8:00 am EDT (12:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 5,000 feet
From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the northwest at 9 knots, gusting to 18, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 5,000 feet

The forecast for ROC, the departure

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the southeast at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, light rain, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Sun 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the southeast at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,500 feet
30% chance between Sun 9:00 pm EDT (01:00 UTC) and 12:00 am EDT (04:00 UTC): visibility 4 miles, light rain, overcast at 1,000 feet
From Mon 1:00 am EDT (05:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility 6 miles, mist, a broken layer at 700 feet
From Mon 3:00 am EDT (07:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility 4 miles, mist, overcast at 300 feet
From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the west at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Mon 2:00 pm EDT (18:00 UTC): wind from the west at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 2,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

No temporary flight restriction on or near this route right now.

Daylight

Sunset at ROC 6:33 pm EDT (22:33 UTC), at RDU 6:43 pm EDT (22:43 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:09 pm EDT (23:09 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at RDU is before sunrise there (7:19 am EDT (11:19 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the Southeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Frederick Douglass/Greater Rochester International, Raleigh-Durham International.