Plan a flight · Mon 4:40 am EDT (08:40 UTC)

Buffalo Niagara International to Los Angeles International BUF → LAX

1,923 nautical miles (2,213 statute miles) west on a straight line, true course 267°, about 278° magnetic at the departure end (variation 11W). At 120 knots that is 19 h 25 min at the quickest height in today's winds (8,500 ft, a 21-knot headwind), arriving about 9:05 pm PDT (04:05 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now BUF is marginal VFR, wind from the west-southwest (240°) at 3 knots; LAX is marginal VFR, wind from the west (270°) at 13 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 265 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist, fog). Over the first 269 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 3W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 478 to 1056 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 1116 to 1684 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 42,000 ft. Over the route from 1146 to 1594 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: low-level wind shear (due to air speed loss or gain of 20 knots or more below 2,000 ft above the ground). Over the route from 1176 to 1315 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1355 to 1674 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 2E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 1574 to 1654 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 2W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 35,000 ft to 45,000 ft. Over the route from 1594 to 1823 nm out.
AIRMET ZULU 2C: moderate icing up to 23,000 ft. Near the route, 1694 nm along the route.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 15,000 ft. Over the route from 1694 to 1863 nm out.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from BUF.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

A321 at 31,000 ft, 2 nm northeast, 2:41 am EDT (06:41 UTC): moderate turbulence, remarks: mtw +/-15KT zdvwc. 1196 nm along the route, 2 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
COS UA /OV BRK/TM 0641/FL310/TP A321/TB MOD/RM MTW +/-15KT. ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through COS
Where
over BRK
Time
06:41 UTC
Height
at 31,000 ft
Aircraft
A321
Turbulence
moderate
Remarks
mtw +/-15KT zdvwc
A333 descending, 28 nm south, 1:44 am EDT (05:44 UTC): a routine report with nothing remarked on. 209 nm along the route, 28 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DTW UA /OV DTW/TM 0544/FLDURD/TP A333/SK TOPS 025
```
Report
a routine report filed through DTW
Where
over DTW
Time
05:44 UTC
Height
during the descent
Aircraft
A333
Sky
tops 2,500 ft
A21N at 33,000 ft, 2 nm northeast, 2:59 am EDT (06:59 UTC): light chop turbulence, remarks: mtw a 10-knot loss of airspeed 100FT zdvwc. 1196 nm along the route, 2 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
COS UA /OV BRK/TM 0659/FL330/TP A21N/TB LGT CHOP/RM MTW +/-10KT 100FT. ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through COS
Where
over BRK
Time
06:59 UTC
Height
at 33,000 ft
Aircraft
A21N
Turbulence
light chop
Remarks
mtw a 10-knot loss of airspeed 100FT zdvwc
B38M at 22,000 ft, 25 nm northwest, 4:14 am EDT (08:14 UTC): no turbulence, remarks: zdvwc. 1225 nm along the route, 25 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DEN UA /OV DEN216059/TM 0814/FL220/TP B38M/TB NEG/RM ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through DEN
Where
59 nm southwest (216°) of DEN
Time
08:14 UTC
Height
at 22,000 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Turbulence
none
Remarks
zdvwc
A320 at 31,000 ft, 26 nm south, 2:58 am EDT (06:58 UTC): light chop turbulence, remarks: mtw a 10-knot loss of airspeed 100FT zdvwc. 1235 nm along the route, 26 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PUB UA /OV PUB260040/TM 0658/FL310/TP A320/TB LGT CHOP/RM MTW +/-10KT 100FT. ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through PUB
Where
40 nm west (260°) of PUB
Time
06:58 UTC
Height
at 31,000 ft
Aircraft
A320
Turbulence
light chop
Remarks
mtw a 10-knot loss of airspeed 100FT zdvwc
CRJ2 at 22,000 ft, 28 nm north, 2:35 am EDT (06:35 UTC): no turbulence up to 26,000 ft, no icing, clear from 22,000 ft to 60,000 ft, remarks: during the descent ZDVWC-26. 1235 nm along the route, 28 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DEN UA /OV DEN220060/TM 0635/FL220/TP CRJ2/SK SKC/TB NEG BLO 260/IC NEG/RM DURD/ ZDVWC-26
```
Report
a routine report filed through DEN
Where
60 nm southwest (220°) of DEN
Time
06:35 UTC
Height
at 22,000 ft
Aircraft
CRJ2
Sky
clear
Turbulence
no below 26,000 ft
Icing
none
Remarks
during the descent ZDVWC-26
B738 at 23,000 ft, 38 nm north, 2:23 am EDT (06:23 UTC): no turbulence from 23,000 ft to 26,000 ft, clear from 23,000 ft to 60,000 ft, remarks: during the descent sskii star ZDVWC-06. 1235 nm along the route, 38 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DEN UA /OV DEN230060/TM 0623/FL230/TP B738/SK SKC/TB NEG 230-260/RM DURD SSKII STAR. ZDVWC-06
```
Report
a routine report filed through DEN
Where
60 nm southwest (230°) of DEN
Time
06:23 UTC
Height
at 23,000 ft
Aircraft
B738
Sky
clear
Turbulence
no from 23,000 ft to 26,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent sskii star ZDVWC-06
B38M at 37,000 ft, 6 nm southeast, 3:42 am EDT (07:42 UTC): light chop turbulence, remarks: mtw +/-7KT zdvwc. 1245 nm along the route, 6 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PUB UA /OV PUB280055/TM 0742/FL370/TP B38M/TB LGT CHOP/RM MTW +/-7KT. ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through PUB
Where
55 nm west (280°) of PUB
Time
07:42 UTC
Height
at 37,000 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Turbulence
light chop
Remarks
mtw +/-7KT zdvwc
PC12 at 26,000 ft, 10 nm south, 2:27 am EDT (06:27 UTC): light chop turbulence, remarks: ZDVWC-12. 1275 nm along the route, 10 nm south of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
GUC UA /OV HBU090040/TM 0627/FL260/TP PC12/TB OCNL LGT CHOP/RM ZDVWC-12
```
Report
a routine report filed through GUC
Where
40 nm east (090°) of HBU
Time
06:27 UTC
Height
at 26,000 ft
Aircraft
PC12
Turbulence
occasional light chop
Remarks
ZDVWC-12
GLF6 at 47,000 ft, 22 nm southeast, 3:47 am EDT (07:47 UTC): remarks: moderate mtw +/-1500FPM zdvwc. 1285 nm along the route, 22 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
GUC UA /OV HBU105046/TM 0747/FL470/TP GLF6/RM MOD MTW +/-1500FPM. ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through GUC
Where
46 nm east (105°) of HBU
Time
07:47 UTC
Height
at 47,000 ft
Aircraft
GLF6
Remarks
moderate mtw +/-1500FPM zdvwc
BE20 at 9,000 ft, 47 nm southeast, 3:52 am EDT (07:52 UTC): light to moderate rime icing, -5 °C, remarks: during the descent zdvwc. 1375 nm along the route, 47 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DRO UA /OV DRO/TM 0752/FL090/TP BE20/SK BASE110 TOP165/TA M05/IC LGT-MOD RIME/RM DURD. ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through DRO
Where
over DRO
Time
07:52 UTC
Height
at 9,000 ft
Aircraft
BE20
Sky
BASE110 TOP165
Temperature
−5 °C
Icing
light to moderate rime
Remarks
during the descent zdvwc
PC12 at 11,000 ft, 47 nm southeast, 2:58 am EDT (06:58 UTC): light turbulence, no icing, remarks: during the descent arrival KFMN ZDVWC-36. 1375 nm along the route, 47 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
DRO UA /OV DRO/TM 0658/FL110/TP PC12/SK BASE117/TB CONS LGT/IC NEG/RM DURD ARR KFMN. ZDVWC-36
```
Report
a routine report filed through DRO
Where
over DRO
Time
06:58 UTC
Height
at 11,000 ft
Aircraft
PC12
Sky
BASE117
Turbulence
continuous light
Icing
none
Remarks
during the descent arrival KFMN ZDVWC-36
B38M at 14,000 ft, 34 nm northwest, 1:47 am EDT (05:47 UTC): light rime icing, 6 °C. 1684 nm along the route, 34 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LAS UA /OV LAS059040/TM 0547/FL140/TP B38M/TA 06/IC LGT RIME
```
Report
a routine report filed through LAS
Where
40 nm northeast (059°) of LAS
Time
05:47 UTC
Height
at 14,000 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Temperature
6 °C
Icing
light rime
B737 at 19,000 ft, 41 nm north, 1:45 am EDT (05:45 UTC): light turbulence. 1714 nm along the route, 41 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
LAS UA /OV LAS050012/TM 0545/FL190/TP B737/TB LGT
```
Report
a routine report filed through LAS
Where
12 nm northeast (050°) of LAS
Time
05:45 UTC
Height
at 19,000 ft
Aircraft
B737
Turbulence
light

1 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 08:00–15:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The westbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: even thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 16 forecast points nearest it (BUF, CLE, MKG, JOT, DBQ, DSM, OMA, GRI, GLD, PUB, ALS, FMN, BCE, PRC, LAS, ONT). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
4,500 ft	250° at 24 kt	+24 kt	14 °C	96 kt	20 h 02 min	9:42 pm PDT (04:42 UTC)
6,500 ft	250° at 21 kt	+22 kt	13 °C	98 kt	19 h 37 min	9:17 pm PDT (04:17 UTC)
8,500 ft	240° at 20 kt	+21 kt	9 °C	99 kt	19 h 25 min	9:05 pm PDT (04:05 UTC)
10,500 ft	240° at 23 kt	+23 kt	6 °C	97 kt	19 h 49 min	9:29 pm PDT (04:29 UTC)
12,500 ft	240° at 25 kt	+26 kt	2 °C	94 kt	20 h 27 min	10:07 pm PDT (05:07 UTC)
14,500 ft	240° at 28 kt	+28 kt	-2 °C	92 kt	20 h 54 min	10:34 pm PDT (05:34 UTC)
16,500 ft	240° at 30 kt	+31 kt	-7 °C	89 kt	21 h 36 min	11:16 pm PDT (06:16 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	240° at 32 kt	+33 kt	-10 °C	87 kt	22 h 06 min	11:46 pm PDT (06:46 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	240° at 42 kt	+43 kt	-21 °C	77 kt	24 h 58 min	2:38 am PDT (09:38 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	250° at 53 kt	+56 kt	-32 °C	64 kt	30 h 03 min	7:43 am PDT (14:43 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	250° at 59 kt	+62 kt	-39 °C	58 kt	33 h 09 min	10:49 am PDT (17:49 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	260° at 57 kt	+60 kt	-48 °C	60 kt	32 h 03 min	9:43 am PDT (16:43 UTC)

Based on data from the 12th at 06:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 12:00 UTC for use 08:00 to 15:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
BUF	used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line	300/11	330/15 11°	340/26 8°	330/28 2°	340/31 -10°	340/32 -21°	340/52 -37°	340/59 -46°	330/66 -53°
CLE	used from 100 nm out; 85 nm from the line	310/7	350/20 14°	340/16 9°	320/21 2°	320/32 -8°	330/34 -20°	330/45 -36°	320/60 -45°	320/64 -51°
MKG	used from 199 nm out; 112 nm from the line	260/28	260/18 15°	250/16 9°	260/22 4°	280/31 -9°	270/35 -21°	270/44 -35°	270/42 -45°	290/61 -51°
JOT	used from 399 nm out; 41 nm from the line	250/25	260/22 14°	250/17 9°	270/21 5°	280/28 -8°	280/36 -20°	270/41 -35°	280/57 -42°	290/65 -50°
DBQ	used from 498 nm out; 32 nm from the line	250/27	260/23 17°	240/26 10°	260/30 4°	280/26 -9°	280/36 -21°	270/41 -36°	280/52 -41°	290/67 -48°
DSM	used from 598 nm out; 46 nm from the line	250/47	260/25 20°	240/19 11°	240/31 5°	250/26 -9°	260/38 -20°	260/47 -34°	270/58 -37°	270/61 -47°
OMA	used from 697 nm out; 50 nm from the line	230/47	240/33 21°	230/22 13°	220/27 5°	240/35 -8°	250/43 -21°	260/47 -33°	260/59 -36°	270/58 -46°
GRI	used from 847 nm out; 28 nm from the line		230/39 23°	230/32 15°	210/29 7°	230/31 -8°	230/43 -21°	250/52 -31°	260/59 -35°	260/59 -46°
GLD	used from 947 nm out; 87 nm from the line		260/37	260/25 14°	250/27 8°	230/36 -8°	230/49 -21°	250/71 -30°	260/82 -36°	250/73 -48°
PUB	used from 1146 nm out; 49 nm from the line			260/45 11°	240/38 6°	230/47 -8°	230/51 -19°	240/74 -29°	240/82 -35°	250/72 -48°
ALS	used from 1245 nm out; 64 nm from the line				240/35 3°	230/54 -9°	240/66 -19°	230/85 -26°	240/87 -34°	240/70 -47°
FMN	used from 1345 nm out; 68 nm from the line			220/16 6°	220/39 1°	220/50 -10°	230/67 -23°	230/94 -29°	230/102 -35°	230/90 -46°
BCE	used from 1494 nm out; 73 nm from the line				200/32 -2°	210/57 -15°	220/71 -22°	220/69 -30°	220/64 -38°	220/67 -44°
PRC	used from 1594 nm out; 96 nm from the line			200/37 6°	200/35 0°	220/60 -11°	220/71 -20°	220/88 -29°	220/98 -35°	220/94 -45°
LAS	used from 1644 nm out; 67 nm from the line		210/20 8°	210/29 4°	200/32 -3°	200/51 -15°	210/64 -21°	220/70 -30°	220/66 -38°	220/55 -44°
ONT	used from 1793 nm out; 67 nm from the line	250/11	200/20 4°	210/27 3°	220/26 -4°	240/32 -13°	220/52 -21°	220/67 -30°	220/72 -37°	220/65 -46°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
BUF Buffalo, NY	departure	marginal VFR Sky: overcast at 2,900 feet	from the west-southwest (240°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	2,900 ft	726 ft	4:28 am EDT (08:28 UTC)
DET Detroit, MI	189 nm out, 18 nm south of the line, tower	IFR Sky: overcast at 900 feet	from the west (260°) at 4 knots	10+ mi	900 ft	624 ft	08:03 UTC
PTK Pontiac, MI	209 nm out, 2 nm east of the line, tower	low IFR Sky: overcast at 400 feet	from the west (260°) at 5 knots	10+ mi	400 ft	980 ft	07:53 UTC
PWK Chicago/Prospect Heights/Wheeling, IL	408 nm out, 7 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 7,000 feet, a broken layer at 9,500 feet	calm	10+ mi	9,500 ft	644 ft	07:52 UTC
DSM Des Moines, IA	668 nm out, 8 nm north of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 25,000 feet	from the south-southwest (200°) at 9 knots	10+ mi	none	957 ft	07:54 UTC
LNK Lincoln, NE	817 nm out, 3 nm northeast of the line, tower	VFR	from the south (190°) at 12 knots	10+ mi	none	1,218 ft	07:54 UTC
ADT Atwood, KS	1016 nm out, 3 nm southwest of the line	VFR	from the south-southwest (200°) at 15 knots, gusting to 22	10+ mi	none	2,990 ft	08:15 UTC
COS Colorado Springs, CO	1196 nm out, 7 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 20,000 feet	from the south (170°) at 13 knots	10+ mi	none	6,187 ft	07:54 UTC
TEX Telluride, CO	1355 nm out, 4 nm west of the line	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 2,500 feet, overcast at 5,000 feet Weather: light rain	from the south (170°) at 10 knots, gusting to 14	10+ mi	5,000 ft	9,069 ft	08:15 UTC
IFP Bullhead City, AZ	1724 nm out, 22 nm southeast of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 5,000 feet, scattered clouds at 8,000 feet, overcast at 11,000 feet	from the southwest (220°) at 6 knots, gusting to 13	10+ mi	11,000 ft	707 ft	08:35 UTC
EMT El Monte, CA	1903 nm out, 1 nm southeast of the line, tower	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 4,400 feet, overcast at 5,500 feet	from the south (170°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	5,500 ft	295 ft	02:45 UTC
LAX Los Angeles, CA	destination	marginal VFR Sky: a few clouds at 1,600 feet, a broken layer at 2,200 feet, overcast at 3,200 feet Weather: light rain	from the west (270°) at 13 knots	8 mi	2,200 ft	127 ft	12:53 am PDT (07:53 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 9,069 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At LAX when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 9:05 pm PDT (04:05 UTC)

Wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet VFR

The whole forecast for LAX

From Mon 1:00 am PDT (08:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 12 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, light rain, overcast at 2,500 feet
From Mon 3:00 am PDT (10:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 3,000 feet
At times between Mon 3:00 am PDT (10:00 UTC) and 7:00 am PDT (14:00 UTC): visibility 5 miles, light rain, overcast at 2,500 feet
From Mon 10:00 am PDT (17:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 15 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 3,500 feet
From Mon 6:00 pm PDT (01:00 UTC): wind from the west at 10 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 4,000 feet

The forecast for BUF, the departure

From Mon 2:00 am EDT (06:00 UTC): wind light and variable, visibility 4 miles, mist, overcast at 2,000 feet
From Mon 5:00 am EDT (09:00 UTC): wind calm, visibility 5 miles, mist, overcast at 300 feet
From Mon 10:00 am EDT (14:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 700 feet
From Mon 1:00 pm EDT (17:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 9 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Tue 1:00 am EDT (05:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, low-level wind shear, a few clouds at 12,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

6/8784 LAKE GEORGE, CO, Sunday, October 11, 2026 through Tuesday, October 13, 2026 UTC 12 nm from the route, 1225 nm along the route · a hazard on the ground (fire-fighting, a chemical spill, rescue work) · until 13 October · ZDV
6/8891 Bullhead City, AZ, Wednesday, October 14, 2026 Local 12 nm from the route, 1724 nm along the route · a VIP movement · starts Wednesday 14 October · ZLA
6/8890 LAS VEGAS, NV, Tuesday, October 13, 2026 Local 13 nm from the route, 1724 nm along the route · a VIP movement · starts tomorrow · ZLA
4/3635 DISNEYLAND THEME PARK, ANAHEIM,, CA 16 nm from the route, at the destination end · security · ZLA

Daylight

Sunset at BUF 6:37 pm EDT (22:37 UTC), at LAX 6:22 pm PDT (01:22 UTC) (civil twilight ends 6:47 pm PDT (01:47 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at LAX is after sunset there (6:23 pm PDT (01:23 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Northeast · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the central Great Lakes · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the upper Mississippi valley · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: Buffalo Niagara International, Los Angeles International.