Plan a flight · Sun 5:14 pm PDT (00:14 UTC)

San Diego International to Cleveland-Hopkins International SAN → CLE

1,757 nautical miles (2,022 statute miles) northeast on a straight line, true course 063°, about 052° magnetic at the departure end (variation 11E). At 120 knots that is 10 h 20 min at the quickest height in today's winds (34,000 ft, a 50-knot tailwind), arriving about 6:34 am EDT (10:34 UTC), after sunset at the destination. Right now SAN is VFR, wind from the west-southwest (250°) at 6 knots; CLE is marginal VFR, wind from the north (350°) at 3 knots. For planning, not a briefing: the legal preflight briefing comes from Flight Service (1-800-WX-BRIEF) or the FAA's own tools. Airlines fly this pair: 1 flights in the DOT's last twelve reported months, the route's page.

The route the straight line, the warnings crossed, restrictions, pilot reports and the airports along the way · click a mark for its words

Green, blue, red and purple airport dots are the flying conditions reported there now (VFR, marginal VFR, IFR, low IFR); grey means no report. Red areas are SIGMETs, orange areas AIRMETs, hatched red areas temporary flight restrictions. Map tiles: OpenFreeMap, data © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Warnings the route crosses SIGMETs and AIRMETs whose area the line passes through or comes within 25 nm of

SIGMET W69W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 34,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 40 knots, until 6:55 pm PDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 230 to 369 nm out.

as issued

WSUS33 KKCI 112355
MKCW WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 69W
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
TX NM AZ
FROM 50ENE PGS-60SE ABQ-20ENE ELP-70SSW SSO-50SE BZA-50ENE PGS
AREA TS MOV FROM 23040KT. TOPS TO FL340.

SIGMET W68W: thunderstorms (a convective SIGMET) up to 36,000 ft, moving from the southwest at 40 knots, until 6:55 pm PDT (01:55 UTC). Over the route from 439 to 709 nm out.

as issued

WSUS33 KKCI 112355
MKCW WST 112355
CONVECTIVE SIGMET 68W
VALID UNTIL 0155Z
CO NM AZ UT
FROM 30W CHE-20NNW TBE-60SE ABQ-40N SJN-30SW MTU-30W CHE
AREA TS MOV FROM 23040KT. TOPS TO FL360.

AIRMET SIERRA 6E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the first 30 nm of the route.
AIRMET TANGO 1W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft (due to mountain wave) up to 12,000 ft. Over the route from 20 to 120 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence above 18,000 ft from 18,000 ft to 36,000 ft. Over the route from 120 to 559 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 1E: mountains obscured by cloud (due to mountains obscured by clouds, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 210 to 479 nm out.
AIRMET SIERRA 2E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the route from 220 to 300 nm out.
AIRMET ZULU 3C: moderate icing up to 22,000 ft. Near the route, 240 nm along the route.
AIRMET TANGO 4W: moderate turbulence below 18,000 ft up to 18,000 ft. Over the route from 250 to 719 nm out.
AIRMET TANGO 3W: strong surface winds (30 knots or more) (due to sustained surface winds greater than 30 knots). Near the route, 389 nm along the route.
AIRMET SIERRA 3E: low cloud or poor visibility (IFR conditions) (due to ceilings below 1,000 ft, visibility below 3 miles, precipitation, mist). Over the last 90 nm of the route.

A SIGMET warns of weather hazardous to all aircraft; an AIRMET of weather that matters to small aircraft and to flying without instruments. "From 60 to 180 nm out" is measured along the route from SAN.

Pilot reports along the route within 50 nm of the line, last three hours, the serious ones first

E545 at 45,000 ft, 32 nm north, 3:29 pm PDT (22:29 UTC): moderate chop turbulence, remarks: zdvwc. 499 nm along the route, 32 nm north of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
FMN UA /OV RSK2950301/TM 2229/FL450/TP E545/TB MOD CHOP/RM ZDVWC
```
Report
a routine report filed through FMN
Where
301 nm southwest (950°) of RSK2
Time
22:29 UTC
Height
at 45,000 ft
Aircraft
E545
Turbulence
moderate chop
Remarks
zdvwc
B737 at 2,700 ft, 0 nm northwest, 5:08 pm PDT (00:08 UTC): remarks: bases 2,700 ft tops 5,000 ft. At the departure end, 0 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SAN UA /OV 3 MI WEST/TM 0008/FL027/TP B737/RM BASES 027 TOPS 050
```
Report
a routine report filed through SAN
Where
3 mi west
Time
00:08 UTC
Height
at 2,700 ft
Aircraft
B737
Remarks
bases 2,700 ft tops 5,000 ft
B39M at 3,400 ft, 0 nm northwest, 5:04 pm PDT (00:04 UTC): a broken layer from 3,400 ft to 4,000 ft, remarks: during the descent RY27. At the departure end, 0 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SAN UA /OV SAN/TM 0004/FL034/TP B39M/SK BKN034-TOP040/RM DURD RY27
```
Report
a routine report filed through SAN
Where
over SAN
Time
00:04 UTC
Height
at 3,400 ft
Aircraft
B39M
Sky
a broken layer from 3,400 ft, tops 4,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent RY27
B737 at 2,700 ft, 0 nm northwest, 4:18 pm PDT (23:18 UTC): remarks: bases 2,700 ft tops 4,700 ft. At the departure end, 0 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SAN UA /OV 2 MI WEST/TM 2318/FL027/TP B737/RM BASES 027 TOPS 047
```
Report
a routine report filed through SAN
Where
2 mi west
Time
23:18 UTC
Height
at 2,700 ft
Aircraft
B737
Remarks
bases 2,700 ft tops 4,700 ft
E55P at 2,700 ft, 0 nm northwest, 4:11 pm PDT (23:11 UTC): a broken layer from 2,700 ft to 3,500 ft. At the departure end, 0 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SAN UA /OV SAN/TM 2311/FL027/TP E55P/SK BKN027/TOP035
```
Report
a routine report filed through SAN
Where
over SAN
Time
23:11 UTC
Height
at 2,700 ft
Aircraft
E55P
Sky
a broken layer from 2,700 ft; TOP035
B739 at 2,800 ft, 0 nm northwest, 3:41 pm PDT (22:41 UTC): remarks: bases 2,800 ft tops 4,800 ft. At the departure end, 0 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SAN UA /OV 1 MI WEST/TM 2241/FL028/TP B739/RM BASES 028 TOPS 048
```
Report
a routine report filed through SAN
Where
1 mi west
Time
22:41 UTC
Height
at 2,800 ft
Aircraft
B739
Remarks
bases 2,800 ft tops 4,800 ft
C525 at 2,000 ft, 14 nm southeast, 3:11 pm PDT (22:11 UTC): remarks: bases of clouds at 2000. At the departure end, 14 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SDM UA /OV 4NM WEST/TM 2211/FL020/TP C525/RM BASES OF CLOUDS AT 2000
```
Report
a routine report filed through SDM
Where
4NM west
Time
22:11 UTC
Height
at 2,000 ft
Aircraft
C525
Remarks
bases of clouds at 2000
B38M at 2,500 ft, 0 nm northwest, 3:04 pm PDT (22:04 UTC): a broken layer from 2,500 ft to 8,000 ft, remarks: during the descent RY27. At the departure end, 0 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SAN UA /OV SAN/TM 2204/FL025/TP B38M/SK BKN025-TOP080/RM DURD RY27
```
Report
a routine report filed through SAN
Where
over SAN
Time
22:04 UTC
Height
at 2,500 ft
Aircraft
B38M
Sky
a broken layer from 2,500 ft, tops 8,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent RY27
BE58 at 2,800 ft, 2 nm northeast, 3:52 pm PDT (22:52 UTC): overcast above 3,000 ft, remarks: during the descent. At the departure end, 2 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SEE UA /OV SEE32005/TM 2252/FL028/TP BE58/SK OVC030/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through SEE
Where
SEE32005
Time
22:52 UTC
Height
at 2,800 ft
Aircraft
BE58
Sky
overcast from 3,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent
SR22 descending, 5 nm southeast, 3:43 pm PDT (22:43 UTC): overcast from 2,600 ft to 6,000 ft, remarks: during the descent. At the departure end, 5 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
MYF UA /OV MYF100010/TM 2243/FLUNKN/TP SR22/SK OVC026-TOP060/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through MYF
Where
10 nm east (100°) of MYF
Time
22:43 UTC
Height
height not given
Aircraft
SR22
Sky
overcast from 2,600 ft, tops 6,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent
C172 at 2,500 ft, 23 nm northwest, 3:34 pm PDT (22:34 UTC): a broken layer, remarks: bases 2,500 ft tops 4,000 ft. At the departure end, 23 nm northwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
CRQ UA /OV 1 MI WEST/TM 2234/FL025/TP C172/SK BKN/RM BASES 025 TOPS 040
```
Report
a routine report filed through CRQ
Where
1 mi west
Time
22:34 UTC
Height
at 2,500 ft
Aircraft
C172
Sky
a broken layer
Remarks
bases 2,500 ft tops 4,000 ft
S22T at 1,200 ft, 2 nm northeast, 2:22 pm PDT (21:22 UTC): overcast from 3,500 ft to 6,000 ft, remarks: during the descent. At the departure end, 2 nm northeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
SEE UA /OV KSEE32005/TM 2122/FL012/TP S22T/SK OVC035-TOP060/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through SEE
Where
KSEE32005
Time
21:22 UTC
Height
at 1,200 ft
Aircraft
S22T
Sky
overcast from 3,500 ft, tops 6,000 ft
Remarks
during the descent
B738 at 17,000 ft, 48 nm southeast, 4:54 pm PDT (23:54 UTC): light rime icing, 9 °C, remarks: during the descent. 260 nm along the route, 48 nm southeast of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PHX UA /OV PXR330030/TM 2354/FL170/TP B738/TA 09/IC LGT RIME/RM DURD
```
Report
a routine report filed through PHX
Where
30 nm northwest (330°) of PXR
Time
23:54 UTC
Height
at 17,000 ft
Aircraft
B738
Temperature
9 °C
Icing
light rime
Remarks
during the descent
CRJ2 at 6,200 ft, 3 nm southwest, 2:51 pm PDT (21:51 UTC): overcast above 6,200 ft, remarks: wind shear +10/-5 short final RY21L. 270 nm along the route, 3 nm southwest of the line.
as filed, and in English
```
PRC UA /OV PRC030002/TM 2151/FL062/TP CRJ2/SK OVC062/RM WIND SHEAR +10/-5 SHORT FINAL RY21L
```
Report
a routine report filed through PRC
Where
2 nm northeast (030°) of PRC
Time
21:51 UTC
Height
at 6,200 ft
Aircraft
CRJ2
Sky
overcast from 6,200 ft
Remarks
wind shear +10/-5 short final RY21L

16 more routine reports are on the map.

Winds aloft along the route, and the time en route the forecast for use 20:00–03:00 UTC · at 120 knots true airspeed

The eastbound cruising heights for this course (VFR: odd thousands plus 500 ft; above 18,000 ft the forecast levels), with the wind averaged along the line from the 14 forecast points nearest it (SAN, BLH, PRC, FMN, ALS, PUB, GCK, SLN, MKC, BRL, SPI, JOT, FWA, CLE). A plus sign is a headwind, a minus sign a tailwind.

Height	Average wind	Head- or tailwind	Temperature	Ground speed	Time en route	Arrival
3,500 ft	210° at 16 kt	−12 kt		132 kt	13 h 19 min	9:33 am EDT (13:33 UTC)
5,500 ft	230° at 18 kt	−17 kt	21 °C	137 kt	12 h 49 min	9:03 am EDT (13:03 UTC)
7,500 ft	230° at 20 kt	−20 kt	12 °C	140 kt	12 h 33 min	8:47 am EDT (12:47 UTC)
9,500 ft	240° at 20 kt	−20 kt	9 °C	140 kt	12 h 33 min	8:47 am EDT (12:47 UTC)
11,500 ft	240° at 20 kt	−21 kt	5 °C	141 kt	12 h 28 min	8:42 am EDT (12:42 UTC)
13,500 ft	240° at 22 kt	−23 kt	1 °C	143 kt	12 h 17 min	8:31 am EDT (12:31 UTC)
15,500 ft	240° at 25 kt	−26 kt	-3 °C	146 kt	12 h 02 min	8:16 am EDT (12:16 UTC)
17,500 ft	240° at 28 kt	−29 kt	-7 °C	149 kt	11 h 48 min	8:02 am EDT (12:02 UTC)
18,000 ft FL180	240° at 28 kt	−29 kt	-8 °C	149 kt	11 h 48 min	8:02 am EDT (12:02 UTC)
24,000 ft FL240	240° at 32 kt	−34 kt	-19 °C	154 kt	11 h 25 min	7:39 am EDT (11:39 UTC)
30,000 ft FL300	250° at 43 kt	−46 kt	-31 °C	166 kt	10 h 35 min	6:49 am EDT (10:49 UTC)
34,000 ft FL340	250° at 48 kt	−50 kt	-38 °C	170 kt	10 h 20 min	6:34 am EDT (10:34 UTC)
39,000 ft FL390	260° at 46 kt	−49 kt	-48 °C	169 kt	10 h 24 min	6:38 am EDT (10:38 UTC)

Based on data from the 11th at 18:00 UTC; valid on the 12th at 00:00 UTC for use 20:00 to 03:00 UTC; temperatures above 24,000 ft are below zero. Heights are above sea level; a height is left out when the forecast has no wind for it over most of the line (the ground is higher). Ground speed is the airspeed less the headwind; the time en route is for the straight line and ignores climb, descent and routing around weather.

The forecast points as issued

Point	From	3,000	6,000	9,000	12,000	18,000	24,000	30,000	34,000	39,000
SAN	used from 0 nm out; 25 nm from the line	200/10	240/19 9°	240/27 5°	230/22 -1°	220/40 -10°	220/49 -19°	220/54 -29°	220/61 -35°	220/56 -44°
BLH	used from 50 nm out; 61 nm from the line	230/22	210/24 11°	230/23 5°	230/26 0°	220/38 -10°	230/52 -19°	220/58 -28°	220/69 -34°	220/59 -45°
PRC	used from 200 nm out; 40 nm from the line			200/36 6°	210/46 0°	220/60 -10°	220/75 -19°	220/66 -26°	230/70 -33°	230/59 -45°
FMN	used from 399 nm out; 84 nm from the line			220/25 13°	220/28 4°	210/51 -9°	220/59 -21°	230/78 -30°	230/77 -36°	230/66 -46°
ALS	used from 549 nm out; 56 nm from the line				210/32 5°	230/48 -8°	230/49 -20°	230/78 -30°	240/74 -36°	240/61 -47°
PUB	used from 699 nm out; 58 nm from the line			210/24 16°	210/28 8°	230/43 -8°	240/42 -21°	240/77 -30°	240/72 -36°	250/51 -47°
GCK	used from 799 nm out; 46 nm from the line		200/35 21°	220/34 14°	240/30 8°	240/27 -6°	240/31 -17°	240/53 -30°	250/55 -39°	250/60 -50°
SLN	used from 949 nm out; 46 nm from the line	190/37	220/39 20°	240/31 14°	250/24 7°	260/25 -7°	250/26 -17°	250/44 -31°	260/47 -40°	260/47 -50°
MKC	used from 1098 nm out; 50 nm from the line	200/28	220/30 16°	270/20 11°	280/22 7°	260/27 -6°	270/27 -18°	280/38 -32°	270/38 -40°	280/50 -52°
BRL	used from 1248 nm out; 69 nm from the line	200/20	250/21 16°	240/22 10°	260/20 5°	270/16 -7°	290/22 -18°	320/41 -34°	320/56 -43°	310/68 -53°
SPI	used from 1398 nm out; 52 nm from the line	210/13	260/11 17°	270/18 10°	290/21 4°	310/20 -8°	330/25 -19°	320/49 -34°	320/60 -44°	320/59 -50°
JOT	used from 1448 nm out; 45 nm from the line	230/11	290/12 16°	300/19 10°	320/19 4°	300/17 -9°	330/31 -20°	320/49 -37°	320/53 -45°	320/67 -49°
FWA	used from 1548 nm out; 33 nm from the line	350/9	350/24 15°	360/25 9°	360/29 4°	350/31 -10°	340/39 -22°	330/40 -37°	320/38 -43°	320/48 -48°
CLE	used from 1697 nm out; 35 nm from the line	340/5	320/13 14°	300/12 8°	310/10 2°	310/14 -10°	340/14 -23°	320/27 -35°	260/28 -40°	250/36 -48°

The weather now: both ends and the airports along the way public airports with a weather report within 25 nm of the line, one for each stretch

Airport	Where	Conditions	Wind	Visibility	Ceiling	Elevation	Reported
SAN San Diego, CA	departure	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 3,000 feet, a broken layer at 3,700 feet, overcast at 4,700 feet	from the west-southwest (250°) at 6 knots	10+ mi	3,700 ft	16 ft	4:51 pm PDT (23:51 UTC)
RNM Ramona, CA	20 nm out, 10 nm northwest of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: a broken layer at 1,600 feet, a broken layer at 2,600 feet, overcast at 4,300 feet Weather: mist	from the southwest (220°) at 10 knots	7 mi	1,600 ft	1,394 ft	23:53 UTC
PRC Prescott, AZ	270 nm out, 5 nm southwest of the line, tower	marginal VFR Sky: a broken layer at 2,600 feet	from the south-southwest (200°) at 15 knots, gusting to 24	10+ mi	2,600 ft	5,045 ft	23:53 UTC
RQE Window Rock, AZ	439 nm out, 13 nm southeast of the line	VFR Sky: a few clouds at 7,000 feet	from the southwest (220°) at 23 knots, gusting to 40	10+ mi	none	6,742 ft	23:53 UTC
TAD Trinidad, CO	689 nm out, 7 nm south of the line	VFR	from the south-southwest (210°) at 22 knots, gusting to 31	10+ mi	none	5,761 ft	23:54 UTC
TQK Scott City, KS	869 nm out, 9 nm northwest of the line	VFR	from the south-southwest (200°) at 18 knots, gusting to 23	10+ mi	none	2,968 ft	23:55 UTC
SLN Salina, KS	1018 nm out, 18 nm south of the line, tower	VFR	from the south (180°) at 14 knots, gusting to 22	10+ mi	none	1,288 ft	23:53 UTC
STJ St Joseph, MO	1158 nm out, 7 nm northwest of the line, tower	VFR	from the south-southeast (160°) at 10 knots	10+ mi	none	826 ft	23:53 UTC
PIA Peoria, IL	1398 nm out, 7 nm north of the line, tower	VFR	calm	10+ mi	none	660 ft	23:54 UTC
BMI Bloomington/Normal, IL	1428 nm out, 12 nm southeast of the line, tower	VFR	from the south-southwest (200°) at 4 knots	10+ mi	none	871 ft	23:56 UTC
FWA Fort Wayne, IN	1608 nm out, 8 nm south of the line, tower	VFR Sky: scattered clouds at 1,800 feet, scattered clouds at 25,000 feet	from the east-southeast (110°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	none	814 ft	23:57 UTC
CLE Cleveland, OH	destination	marginal VFR Sky: a few clouds at 1,200 feet, overcast at 2,000 feet	from the north (350°) at 3 knots	10+ mi	2,000 ft	799 ft	7:51 pm EDT (23:51 UTC)

The highest airport on this list sits at 6,742 ft; the ground between airports is higher still. Check the sectional chart for the terrain and the minimum safe heights along the line.

At CLE when you get there the forecast at the estimated arrival, 6:34 am EDT (10:34 UTC)

Wind from the west-northwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,200 feet marginal VFR

The whole forecast for CLE

From Sun 8:00 pm EDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the east at 4 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 800 feet, overcast at 1,500 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm EDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 4 knots, visibility 6 miles, light drizzle, a few clouds at 700 feet, overcast at 1,200 feet
From Mon 1:00 am EDT (05:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 3 knots, visibility 5 miles, light drizzle, overcast at 700 feet
From Mon 4:00 am EDT (08:00 UTC): wind from the west-northwest at 5 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, overcast at 1,200 feet
From Mon 1:00 pm EDT (17:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 3,000 feet

The forecast for SAN, the departure

From Sun 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 11 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, scattered clouds at 2,800 feet, a broken layer at 3,500 feet and more above
From Sun 8:00 pm PDT (03:00 UTC): wind from the south-southwest at 7 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, a broken layer at 3,500 feet
From Sun 11:00 pm PDT (06:00 UTC): wind from the southwest at 6 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, showers nearby, scattered clouds at 2,500 feet, a broken layer at 3,500 feet
From Mon 12:00 pm PDT (19:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 10 knots, gusting to 17, visibility more than 6 miles, a few clouds at 2,500 feet, a broken layer at 5,000 feet
From Mon 5:00 pm PDT (00:00 UTC): wind from the west-southwest at 8 knots, visibility more than 6 miles, a broken layer at 5,000 feet

Temporary flight restrictions on the line or within 25 nm of it

6/4812 El Centro, CA, Wednesday, July 15, 2026 through Tuesday, July 13, 2027 Local 9 nm from the route, at the departure end · security · until 13 July · ZLA
6/8829 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 23 nm from the route, at the destination end · a VIP movement · today · ZOB
6/8587 Youngstown, OH, Monday, October 12, 2026 through Monday, October 12, 2026 Local 23 nm from the route, at the destination end · a VIP movement · today · ZOB

Daylight

Sunset at SAN 6:19 pm PDT (01:19 UTC), at CLE 6:51 pm EDT (22:51 UTC) (civil twilight ends 7:19 pm EDT (23:19 UTC)). At 120 knots the arrival at CLE is before sunrise there (7:35 am EDT (11:35 UTC)).

Each restriction opens the FAA's own page with the exact area, heights and times. Ordinary notices to air missions (closed runways, lights out) are not shown: the FAA's notice search is not open to sites like this one at this time.

Radar and forecast charts for the regions crossed government pictures, the latest each time the page loads

Radar now, the Pacific Southwest · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the southern Rockies · loop National Weather Service

Radar now, the southern Plains · loop National Weather Service

Radar, the whole country · loop National Weather Service

Surface analysis now Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 12 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Forecast chart, 24 hours ahead Weather Prediction Center

Sources: the Aviation Weather Center's data service (SIGMETs, AIRMETs, graphical AIRMETs, pilot reports, winds and temperatures aloft, observations and terminal forecasts), the National Weather Service radar, the Weather Prediction Center's charts, the FAA's temporary flight restriction list and shapes, and the FAA's airport file for the positions, elevations and magnetic variation. Fetched when the page is viewed and kept a few minutes. Each leg is the straight line between its two airports; airways, terrain and airspace are not considered. The airports in detail: San Diego International, Cleveland-Hopkins International.