Piper PA-23-160 accident near Missoula, Montana, April 10, 1992
On April 10, 1992 at about 9:59 pm local time, a Piper PA-23-160, registered N3494P, was substantially damaged in an accident near Missoula, Montana. It was a personal flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). No one was hurt; 2 people were on board or involved. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).
The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged
PARTIAL BLOCKAGE OF THE LEFT ENGINE INDUCTION AIR FILTER, INABILITY TO MAINTAIN THE PROPER RATE OF DESCENT, AND DELAYED EXTENSION OF THE LANDING GEAR. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WERE ICING CONDITIONS, WING ICE, AND ROUGH/UNEVEN TERRAIN.
Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.
What the record shows
- Date
- April 10, 1992 · about 9:59 pm local time
- Place
- Missoula, Montana · map
- Type
- Accident
- Injuries
- No one was hurt; 2 people were on board or involved.
- Weather
- visual conditions (good weather)
- Aircraft
- Piper PA-23-160 · all PA-23-160s on the register
- Registration
- N3494P · no longer on the register · serial 23-1470
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Personal flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)
The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record
THE PILOT AND PILOT RATED PASSENGER (RIGHT SEAT) DEPARTED IN THE PA-23 AND CLIMBED TO 11000 FEET ON A LOCAL ROUND ROBIN FLIGHT. THE AIRCRAFT WAS NOT EQUIPPED WITH WING OR PROPELLER DEICE/ANTI ICE SYSTEMS. MISSOULA REPORTED SEVERAL SCATTERED, BROKEN AND OVERCAST CLOUD LAYERS BELOW 11000 FEET DURING THE AFTERNOON AND THE SURFACE TEMP PEAKED AT 44 DEGREES F. AT 11000 FEET THE PILOTS ENCOUNTERED A VIBRATION AND LOSS OF LEFT ENGINE POWER AND INITIATED A RETURN TO MISSOULA FOR LANDING. UNABLE TO MAINTAIN ALTITUDE WITH PARTIAL POWER A FORCED LANDING WAS EXECUTED SHORT OF RUNWAY 25 AT THE MISSOULA AIRPORT. ALTHOUGH AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO LOWER THE LANDING GEAR PRIOR TO THE FORCED LANDING THE NOSE LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED DURING ROLLOUT WHEN IT STRUCK A GOPHER HOLE. AIRPORT ARFF PERSONNEL OBSERVED ICE DETACHING FROM THE AIRCRAFT WING(S) FOLLOWING THE ACCIDENT AND FAA PERSONNEL INSPECTING THE AIRCRAFT SUBSEQUENT TO THE ACCIDENT REPORTED THAT THE LEFT INDUCTION AIR FILTER WAS HEAVILY SOAKED WITH WATER.
The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.
The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English
Pilot
- Certificate: flight instructor, commercial pilot
- Ratings: multi-engine land; single-engine land; instructor: airplane multi-engine; instructor: airplane single-engine; instrument: airplane
- Flight time: 752 hours in all; 250 in this make and model; 249 in the last 90 days; 124 in the last 30 days; 620 as pilot in command; 38 on instruments
- Medical certificate: Class 1 (valid medical--no waivers/lim.)
- Seat: left
The aircraft
- Airframe total time: 5,312 hours
- Last inspection: annual inspection, August 15, 1991; 227 hours since
- Maximum gross weight: 3,800 lb
- Seats: 4
- Landing gear: retractable
- Engine: Lycoming O-320-B3B (piston); 0 hours total
The flight
- Departed from: 32S Stevensville MT at 8:25 pm
- Flight plan: IFR
- Runway 0
- A second pilot was aboard
Weather at the time
- Light: daylight
- Visibility: 15 statute miles
- Sky: overcast at 3,200 ft; scat at 1,400 ft
- Temperature: 45°F (7°C), dew point 39°F (4°C)
- Altimeter: 29.00 inHg
- Observation at 9:50 pm from MSO, 1 miles away
Injuries
| Fatal | Serious | Minor | None | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crew | 2 |
Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report
The docket, the folder of records gathered during an investigation (maintenance records, photographs, witness statements, examinations), has not been read from the NTSB for this case yet; the list appears here once it has. Open the docket at the NTSB.
Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.