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Accidents · NTSB CEN16LA039 · Final report

Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II accident near Alpine, Texas, November 13, 2015

On November 13, 2015 at about 10:48 pm local time, a 2012 Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II, registered N449MC, was substantially damaged in an accident during maneuvering (low-alt flying) near Alpine, Texas (Private airport). It was an aerial observation flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 2 people were seriously injured and 1 person had minor injuries; 1 other was unhurt. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate rotor speed while maneuvering at low altitude, which resulted in a descent from which he was unable to recover. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's decision to conduct the flight at or near the helicopter's performance limit, which precluded recovery of the rotor speed in sufficient time to avoid the accident.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
November 13, 2015 · about 10:48 pm local time
Place
Alpine, Texas · Private · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
2 people were seriously injured and 1 person had minor injuries; 1 other was unhurt.
Weather
visual conditions (good weather)
Aircraft
Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II, built 2012
Registration
N449MC · no longer on the register · serial 13340
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Aerial observation flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

The commercial pilot and crewmembers were conducting wildlife surveys and predator control at the time of the accident. The pilot did not have any recollection of the accident sequence. Crewmember statements and GPS data indicated that the pilot was maneuvering the helicopter about 40 ft above ground level when the low rotor speed warning activated. The pilot attempted to regain rotor speed by descending into a small canyon. However, his efforts were unsuccessful, and the helicopter subsequently impacted trees and terrain. A review of GPS data revealed that the pilot had completed a low-speed, 360-degree turn followed by a gradual descending left turn immediately before the impact. One crewmember reported that the pilot told him that, during the takeoff on the morning flight, the helicopter "wouldn't go" and that the low rotor speed warning came on. A postaccident examination of the helicopter did not reveal any preimpact failures or malfunctions. Postaccident calculations revealed that the helicopter was operated within the gross weight and center-of-gravity limitations. However, the flight was operating at or near the helicopter's out-of-ground effect hover ceiling performance limit. It is likely that the main rotor speed decayed as the pilot maneuvered the helicopter while it was at or near its performance limit and that the pilot decided to conduct the flight knowing the helicopter was near its performance limit. Insufficient altitude was available to allow the pilot to lower the collective and recover the rotor speed before impact with trees and terrain.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

What happened, in order

  1. Loss of control in flight during maneuvering (low-alt flying) defining event
  2. Attempted remediation/recovery during maneuvering (low-alt flying)
  3. Collision with terrain or object (not controlled flight into terrain) during uncontrolled descent

The NTSB's findings

  • cause Personnel issues › Task performance › Use of equip/info › Aircraft control › Pilot
  • cause Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability › Performance/control parameters › Prop/rotor parameters › Not attained/maintained
  • cause Personnel issues › Task performance › Use of equip/info › Use of equip/system › Pilot
  • factor Personnel issues › Action/decision › Info processing/decision › Decision making/judgment › Pilot
  • factor Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability › Aircraft capability › Climb capability › Capability exceeded

Pilot

  • Certificate: flight instructor, commercial pilot
  • Ratings: single-engine land; instructor: helicopter; instrument: helicopter; rotorcraft: helicopter
  • Flight time: 735 hours in all; 228 in this make and model; 286 in the last 90 days; 90 in the last 30 days; 620 as pilot in command; 5 on instruments
  • Last flight review: September 27, 2014
  • Medical certificate: Class 2 (without waivers/limitations)
  • Seat: rgt
  • Injury: serious injuries

The aircraft

  • Airframe total time: 605 hours
  • Last inspection: annual inspection, November 6, 2015; 80 hours since
  • Maximum gross weight: 2,500 lb
  • Seats: 4
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Lycoming IO-540-AE1A5 (piston); 605 hours total
  • Operator: Concho Aviation LLC

The flight

  • Departed from: PVT Alpine TX at 9:15 pm
  • Destination: PVT Alpine TX
  • Flight plan: none

Weather at the time

  • Light: daylight
  • Wind: from 160° at 10 knots
  • Visibility: 10 statute miles
  • Sky: clear
  • Temperature: 68°F (20°C), dew point 34°F (1°C)
  • Altimeter: 30.21 inHg
  • Observation at 10:35 pm from E38, 16 miles away

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Flight crew211

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

5 documents, released by the NTSB on July 27, 2016. View them here, or download them; the NTSB redacts some personal details before release, and this site shows the NTSB's own titles rather than its file names.

The same docket at the NTSB · documents without a copy here are fetched from the NTSB when you open them.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.