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Accidents · NTSB GAA16CA166 · Final report

Piper J5A accident near Lake Harbor, Florida, March 25, 2016

On March 25, 2016 at about 12:00 pm local time, a 1941 Piper J5A, registered N41239, was substantially damaged in an accident during maneuvering (low-alt flying) near Lake Harbor, Florida. It was an other work-use flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 1 person had minor injuries. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

The pilot's exceedance of the critical angle of attack while maneuvering at low altitude, which resulted in an accelerated aerodynamic stall, spin, and impact with terrain.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
March 25, 2016 · about 12:00 pm local time
Place
Lake Harbor, Florida · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
1 person had minor injuries.
Weather
visual conditions (good weather)
Aircraft
Piper J5A, built 1941 · all J5As on the register
Registration
N41239 · no longer on the register · serial 5-1293
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Other work-use flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

The pilot reported that the purpose of the flight was to maneuver at low altitude and chase birds away from designated fields. The pilot further reported that he had previously completed about 8 to 10 turns over the target field and during a steep "reversal turn" to the left the airplane impacted terrain. The pilot had no other recollection of the accident. According to a private pilot witness located about 700 feet from the accident airplane, he observed the accident airplane enter a "steep turn" to the left about 50 to 75 feet above the ground. The witness further reported that the airplane "stalled and spun into the ground", and that the engine noise became louder seconds before impact.  The fuselage and both wings were substantially damaged. The Federal Aviation Administration Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge in part states: an airplane will "stall at a higher indicated airspeed when excessive maneuvering loads are imposed by steep turns, pull-ups, or other abrupt changes in its flight path." Stalls entered from such flight situations are called "accelerated maneuver stalls," a term, which has no reference to the airspeeds involved. Stalls which result from abrupt maneuvers tend to be more rapid, or severe, than the unaccelerated stalls, and because they occur at higher-than-normal airspeeds, and/or may occur at lower than anticipated pitch attitudes, they may be unexpected by an inexperienced pilot. Failure to take immediate steps toward recovery when an accelerated stall occurs may result in a complete loss of flight control, notably, power-on spins. The pilot did not report any mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

What happened, in order

  1. Aerodynamic stall/spin during maneuvering (low-alt flying) defining event
  2. Collision with terrain or object (not controlled flight into terrain) during maneuvering (low-alt flying)

The NTSB's findings

  • cause Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability › Performance/control parameters › Angle of attack › Capability exceeded
  • cause Personnel issues › Task performance › Use of equip/info › Aircraft control › Pilot

Pilot

  • Certificate: airline transport pilot, flight instructor
  • Ratings: multi-engine land; single-engine land; single-engine sea; instructor: airplane multi-engine; instructor: airplane single-engine; instructor: helicopter; instructor: instrument airplane; instructor: instrument helicopter; instrument: airplane; instrument: helicopter; rotorcraft: helicopter
  • Flight time: 11,215 hours in all; 68 in this make and model; 9,000 as pilot in command; 1,600 on instruments
  • Last flight review: November 12, 2015
  • Medical certificate: Class 1 (without waivers/limitations)
  • Seat: frt
  • Injury: minor injuries

The aircraft

  • Airframe total time: 2,560.7 hours
  • Last inspection: annual inspection, August 28, 2015
  • Maximum gross weight: 1,450 lb
  • Seats: 2
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Continental C85-12P (piston); 2,560 hours total

The flight

  • Departed from: PHK Pahokee FL at 11:30 am
  • Destination: PHK Pahokee FL
  • Flight plan: none

Weather at the time

  • Light: daylight
  • Wind: from 280° at 4 knots
  • Visibility: 7 statute miles
  • Sky: broken clouds at 1,400 ft
  • Temperature: 73°F (23°C), dew point 72°F (22°C)
  • Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
  • Observation at 11:53 am from KPBI, 37 miles away

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Flight crew1

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

The docket, the folder of records gathered during an investigation (maintenance records, photographs, witness statements, examinations), has not been read from the NTSB for this case yet; the list appears here once it has. Open the docket at the NTSB.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.