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Accidents · NTSB CHI04LA285 · Final report

Piper PA-12 accident near Perham, Minnesota, September 29, 2004

On September 29, 2004 at about 3:30 pm local time, a Piper PA-12, registered N7977H, was substantially damaged in an accident near Perham, Minnesota (Perham Muni airport). It was an instructional flight under general aviation rules (Part 91). 1 person had minor injuries; 1 other was unhurt. The weather was visual conditions (good weather).

The NTSB's probable cause their words, unchanged

The dual student's improper compensation for the crosswind condition and his subsequent failure to maintain control of the airplane. An additional cause was the flight instructor's inadequate remedial action. A contributing factor was the crosswind condition.

Source: NTSB aviation accident database, copy made October 5, 2026. Docket and reports at the NTSB.

What the record shows

Date
September 29, 2004 · about 3:30 pm local time
Place
Perham, Minnesota · Perham Muni · map
Type
Accident
Injuries
1 person had minor injuries; 1 other was unhurt.
Weather
visual conditions (good weather)
Aircraft
Piper PA-12 · all PA-12s on the register
Registration
N7977H · registry record · serial 12-873
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional flight · general aviation rules (Part 91)

The NTSB's narrative final · quoted from the NTSB record

The airplane was substantially damaged when it impacted terrain after takeoff from runway 12. The local instructional flight was originating at the time of the accident. The flight instructor stated that after takeoff the airplane "did not want to climb out of ground effect, upon pulling back further on the elevator something was preventing the full travel of the stick." He reported that about 1,000 feet down the runway the dual student input too much left rudder causing a skidding turn to the left. He noted that the airplane's heading was approximately 30 degrees from the runway heading at that point. He was reportedly unable to obtain more elevator travel and correct the skid prior to impact with the ground. The dual student reported that takeoff rotation was normal and the airplane subsequently "weathervaned" into the right crosswind. He reportedly "induced cross controls" in order to track the runway centerline. In post-accident interviews with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspectors, the dual student reported that he had used right rudder inputs to compensate for the right crosswind condition. FAA inspectors conducted a post-accident inspection of the accident site and the accident aircraft. They noted that ruts in the grass leading to the wreckage site departed the runway pavement about 850 feet from the takeoff end and were angled approximately 45 degrees relative to the centerline. Elevator control continuity was confirmed during the aircraft inspection. No blockage or restriction of the elevator was observed. Winds were from the south at 10 to 15 knots.

The complete narrative as the NTSB published it. The NTSB's docket holds the report as a PDF and any photographs, statements and other documents from the investigation.

The factual record from the NTSB's investigation tables, in plain English

Flight instructor

  • Certificate: commercial pilot
  • Ratings: multi-engine land; single-engine land; single-engine sea; instructor: airplane multi-engine; instructor: airplane single-engine; instructor: instrument airplane; instrument: airplane
  • Flight time: 6,275 hours in all; 1,537 in this make and model; 385 in the last 90 days; 90 in the last 30 days; 1,544 on instruments
  • Last flight review: March 20, 2004
  • Medical certificate: Class 1 (valid medical--w/ waivers/lim.)
  • Seat: rear
  • Injury: no injuries

Pilot

  • Certificate: private
  • Ratings: single-engine land; instrument: airplane
  • Flight time: 1,260 hours in all; 1 in this make and model; 7 in the last 90 days; 1 in the last 30 days; 1,220 as pilot in command
  • Medical certificate: Class 3 (valid medical--w/ waivers/lim.)
  • Seat: frt
  • Injury: minor injuries

The aircraft

  • Airframe total time: 2,621 hours
  • Last inspection: annual inspection, August 6, 2004; 20 hours since
  • Maximum gross weight: 1,935 lb
  • Seats: 2
  • Landing gear: fixed
  • Engine: Lycoming O-235 (piston); 0 hours total

The flight

  • Departed from: 16D Perham MN at 3:30 pm
  • Destination: 16D
  • Flight plan: none
  • Runway 12, 4,100 ft by 75 ft
  • A second pilot was aboard

Weather at the time

  • Light: daylight
  • Wind: from 180° at 10 knots
  • Visibility: 10 statute miles
  • Sky: clear
  • Temperature: 59°F (15°C), dew point 41°F (5°C)
  • Altimeter: 30.05 inHg
  • Observation at 3:35 pm from DTL, 18 miles away

Injuries

FatalSeriousMinorNone
Crew11

Documents from the investigation the NTSB's docket: the evidence folder behind the report

The docket, the folder of records gathered during an investigation (maintenance records, photographs, witness statements, examinations), has not been read from the NTSB for this case yet; the list appears here once it has. Open the docket at the NTSB.

Everything on this page comes from the NTSB's public records. The narrative, probable cause and findings are the NTSB's own words; the coded tables behind the report are written out in plain English, with pilots' ages, home towns and medical details left out. The documents and photographs are the NTSB's docket, shown as the NTSB released them. This site's own text never names anyone involved. A preliminary report can change; the final report usually follows one to two years later, and the page is refreshed when it does.